scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi infection in a zoo-housed red panda in Kansas

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 752-755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gail L. Huckins ◽  
David Eshar ◽  
Diana Schwartz ◽  
Mark Morton ◽  
Brian H. Herrin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens ◽  
Cruzi Infection

A 9-y-old, zoo-housed, male red panda ( Ailurus fulgens) became progressively lethargic and inappetent over a 1-wk period. Physical examination was unremarkable. A complete blood count showed mild normocytic, normochromic, non-regenerative anemia with the presence of trypomastigote organisms, consistent with a Trypanosoma sp. The organism was confirmed later as Trypanosoma cruzi lineage TcI via PCR and genome sequencing. The panda was initially treated supportively; however, its clinical status within 24 h from presentation deteriorated, and euthanasia was elected. Autopsy showed severe systemic T. cruzi infection with the presence of amastigotes in the heart, brain, peripheral nerves, skeletal muscles, tongue, liver, and testes. We used genome sequencing and serology in identifying the agent.

Dynamics of T Cells Repertoire During Trypanosoma cruzi Infection and its Post-Treatment Modulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (36) ◽  
pp. 6519-6543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Egui ◽  
Paola Lasso ◽  
Elena Pérez-Antón ◽  
M. Carmen Thomas ◽  
Manuel Carlos López
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Cruzi Infection

Chagas disease courses with different clinical phases and has a variable clinical presentation and progression. The acute infection phase mostly exhibits a non-specific symptomatology. In the absence of treatment, the acute phase is followed by a chronic phase, which is initially asymptomatic. This chronic asymptomatic phase of the disease is characterized by a fragile balance between the host’s immune response and the parasite replication. The loss of this balance is crucial for the progression of the sickness. The virulence and tropism of the T. cruzi infecting strain together to the inflammation processes in the cardiac tissue are the main factors for the establishment and severity of the cardiomyopathy. The efficacy of treatment in chronic Chagas disease patients is controversial. However, several studies carried out in chronic patients demonstrated that antiparasitic treatment reduces parasite load in the bloodstream and leads to an improvement in the immune response against the Trypanosoma cruzi parasite. The present review is mainly focused on the cellular patterns associated to the clinical status and the evolution of the disease in chronic patients, as well as the effectiveness of the treatment related to T. cruzi infection control. Therefore, an emphasis is placed on the dynamics of specific-antigens T cell subpopulations, their memory and activation phenotypes, their functionality and their contribution to pathogenesis or disease control, as well as their association with risk of congenital transmission of the parasite.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Kidney-derived Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songrui Liu ◽  
Yunli Li ◽  
Chanjuan Yue ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Type I ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens

Abstract Background Disease prevention and control is a significant part during the ex-situ conservation of the red panda (Ailurus fulgens) with bacterial infection being one of the important threats to the health of the captive population. So far, there was no systematic and detailed publications about the red panda-related E. coli disease. This study was conducted for the purpose of determining the cause of death, etiology and pathogenesis on a red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility test, mouse pathogenicity test, and bacterial whole genome sequencing.Results A bacterial strain confirmed as Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) was isolated from one captive dead red panda, which is resistant to most of the β-lactam drugs and a small number of aminoglycoside medications. The mouse pathogenicity test results showed the strains isolated postmortem from mice were the same as from the dead red panda, and the pathological findings were similar to the red panda while they were not completely the same. These pathological differences between red panda and mice may be related to the routes of infection and perhaps species differences and tolerance. The whole genome sequencing results showed that the isolated strain contained P pili, type I pili and iron uptake system related factors, which were closely related to its nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The red panda died of bacterial infection which was identified as Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songrui Liu ◽  
Yunli Li ◽  
Chanjuan Yue ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens

Abstract Background Disease prevention and control is a significant part in the ex-situ conservation of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), being bacterial infection is one of the most important health threats to the captive population. To date, studies about the infection caused by Escherichia coli in the red panda are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the cause of death of a captive red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis and bacterial whole genome sequencing. Case presentation The following report describes a case of a 1.5 year old captive red panda (Ailurus fulgens) that was found lethargic and anorectic. She was moved to the quarantine area for daily treatment with 50mg of Cefpodoxime Proxetil. During the three-day treatment, she did not eat or defecate, and then died. Clinical hematology revealed the values of neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly higher. Histological analysis demonstrated major pathological damage in the kidneys, liver and lungs, characterized by hyperemia, parenchymal cell degeneration and necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration which were predominantly neutrophilic. A bacterial strain confirmed as Escherichia coli was isolated post mortem. Whole genome sequencing of the E. coli showed the complete genome size was 4.99 Mbp. PapA, PapC, OmpA, OmpU and other virulence factors which specific to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) were found in the isolate. Among the virulence factors, P pili, type I pili and related factors of the iron uptake system were associated with nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The red panda died of bacterial infection caused by an uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songrui Liu ◽  
Yunli Li ◽  
Chanjuan Yue ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens

Abstract Background Disease prevention and control is a significant part of the ex-situ conservation of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), with bacterial infection being one important threat to the health of the captive population. To date, there are no systematic and detailed publications about E. coli-associated disease in red pandas. This study was conducted to determine the cause of death, etiology and pathogenesis in a captive red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis, antimicrobial susceptibility test, mouse pathogenicity test, and bacterial whole genome sequencing. Results A bacterial strain confirmed as Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) was isolated from one captive red panda post mortem. This strain is resistant to most of the β-lactam antibiotics and a small number of aminoglycoside medications. The mouse pathogenicity test results showed that the strains isolated post mortem from mice were identical to that in the red panda, and the pathological findings were similar to those seen in the red panda. Whole-genome sequencing of the E. coli isolated from the red panda showed the complete sequences of the chromosome was 4.99 Mbp. PapA , PapG , OmpA , OmpU and other virulence factors were specific to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Among the virulence factors, P pili, type I pili and iron uptake system related factors were associated with nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The red panda died of septicemic bacterial infection which was identified as Uropathogenic Escherichia coli . The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

scholarly journals Reference intervals for complete blood count from Umbilical Cord Blood in newborns and comparison with Venous Blood Values

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Gündüz ◽  
Hayrettin Temel
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Umbilical Cord ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Blood Samples

Background and Objective: Umbilical cord blood which can be obtained by a non-invasive method can be informative about the clinical status of the newborn. It was aimed to establish reference intervals for umbilical cord blood parameters, and to compare complete blood count results between umbilical cord and venous blood samples in this study. Methods: This study was conducted at Medipol University Sefaköy Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 1898 newborns who were born in a two-year period between January 2018 and December 2019 were included in the study. Venous blood samples were taken from 184 of them, and umbilical cord blood samples were taken from 1714 newborns. Results: The percentiles were determined according to gender and delivery method for the hematological parameters of umbilical cord blood. While mean platelet, eosinophil and mean corpuscular volume values ​​were similar between the groups (p>0.05 for each), and significant differences were found between the groups in terms of all other mean hematological parameters ​​(p<0.05 for each). Conclusion: The results of the complete blood count of umbilical cord blood samples can provide reliable information about the newborn. There are significant differences between umbilical cord and venous blood samples in terms of hematological parameters. For these reasons, it is necessary to determine reliable value ranges for umbilical cord blood hematological parameters in newborns. Data of our study can be a guide for further studies and clinicians. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2526 How to cite this:Gunduz M, Temel H. Reference intervals for complete blood count from Umbilical Cord Blood in newborns and comparison with Venous Blood Values. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(2):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.2.2526 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songrui Liu ◽  
Yunli Li ◽  
Chanjuan Yue ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Type I ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens

Abstract BackgroundDisease prevention and control is a significant part in the ex-situ conservation of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), with bacterial infection being one of the most important health threats to the captive population. To date, studies about the Escherichia coli infection in the red panda are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the cause of death of a captive red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis and bacterial whole genome sequencing.Case presentationOne 1.5 year old captive female red panda (Ailurus fulgens) was lethargic and anoretic. She was moved to the quarantine area for daily treatment of oral cefpodoxime proxetil 50mg. During this period, she did not eat or defecate, and died at 15:00 on November 21. Clinical examination revealed the values of neutrophils; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly higher. Histological analysis demonstrated major pathological damage in the kidneys, liver and lungs, characterized by hyperemia, parenchymal cell degeneration and necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration which was predominantly neutrophilic. A bacterial strain confirmed as Escherichia coli was isolated from the red panda post mortem. Whole-genome sequencing of the E. coli showed the complete sequences of the chromosome was 4.99 Mbp. PapA, PapG, OmpA, OmpU and other virulence factors were specific to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Among the virulence factors, P pili, type I pili and related factors of the iron uptake system were associated with nephrotoxicity. ConclusionThe red panda died of bacterial infection caused by an Uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from red panda (Ailurus fulgens)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Songrui Liu ◽  
Yunli Li ◽  
Chanjuan Yue ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Type I ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens

Abstract Background Disease prevention and control is a significant part in the ex-situ conservation of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), being bacterial infection is one of the most important health threats to the captive population. To date, studies about the infection caused by Escherichia coli in the red panda are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the cause of death of a captive red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis and bacterial whole genome sequencing. Case presentation The following report describes a case of a 1.5 year old captive red panda (Ailurus fulgens) that was found lethargic and anorectic. She was moved to the quarantine area for daily treatment with 50 mg of Cefpodoxime Proxetil. During the three-day treatment, she did not eat or defecate, and then died. Clinical hematology revealed the values of neutrophils, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly higher. Histological analysis demonstrated major pathological damage in the kidneys, liver and lungs, characterized by hyperemia, parenchymal cell degeneration and necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration which were predominantly neutrophilic. A bacterial strain confirmed as Escherichia coli was isolated post mortem. Whole genome sequencing of the E. coli showed the complete genome size was 4.99 Mbp. PapA, PapC, OmpA, OmpU and other virulence factors which specific to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) were found in the isolate. Among the virulence factors, P pili, type I pili and related factors of the iron uptake system were associated with nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The red panda died of bacterial infection caused by an uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

scholarly journals ROLE OF HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN COVID-19 PATIENT IN INDEX MEDICAL COLLEGE, INDORE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deeksha Gupta ◽  
Sanjeev Narang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Supportive Treatment ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Persistent Symptoms ◽  
A Prospective Study

AIM: Study to evulate the pattern of the hematolofical parameters of covid-19 patients along with their clinical course in the Indian scenario. Material& method: A prospective study of 100 patients with laboratory-confirmed covid-19 admitted to index medical college indore from April to june were enrolled for the study. Patients were divided into asymptomatic (mild) patients, and symptomatic (moderate). The demographic date, the clinical status of the patients during admission, and follow up and hematological finding were recorded. The semples for complete blood count and peripheral smears for microscopy examination were collected on the day of admission .the sample were tested for complete blood count on 5-part hematology analyzer, and values were recorded. peripheral smears were stained by gimsa stains, and findings were noted. Results: All the paediatric cases under study were stable and asymptomatic, with only supportive treatment. Adults patients included in the study were given supportive treatment, and only one case showed clinical deteriotion over a period of 90 day of admission. Conclusion: The study of 100 covid-19 cases of Indian population shows that majority of the patients are younger, have asymptomatic to mild clinical presentation, and a higher incidence in the female population. The majority of pediatric cases have mild symptomology with a stable clinical corse. Baseline CBC finding of all the cases show. mild neutrophilia, mild lymphopenia, eosinophilia, mild monocytosis, and a normal to mild thromobocytopenia. a significance statistical trend of increase in CBC PARAMETER, NLR, was noted in follow up cases with persistent symptoms, however, a larger follow up cohort is needed to arrive at a statistical significances. Keywords: hematological, covid-19 & neutrophilia.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songrui Liu ◽  
Yunli Li ◽  
Chanjuan Yue ◽  
Dongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyan Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Type I ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Red Panda ◽  
Ailurus Fulgens

Abstract Background Disease prevention and control is a significant part in the ex-situ conservation of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens), being bacterial infection is one of the most important health threats to the captive population. To date, studies about the infection caused by Escherichia coli in the red panda are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the cause of death of a captive red panda through clinical symptoms, complete blood count, biochemical analysis, pathological diagnosis and bacterial whole genome sequencing.Case presentation The following report describes a case of a 1.5 year old captive red panda (Ailurus fulgens) that was found lethargic and anoretic. She was moved to the quarantine area for daily treatment with 50mg of cefpodoxime proxetil. During the three-day treatment, she did not eat or defecate, and then died. Clinical hematology revealed the values of neutrophils; alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly higher. Histological analysis demonstrated major pathological damage in the kidneys, liver and lungs, characterized by hyperemia, parenchymal cell degeneration and necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration which were predominantly neutrophilic. A bacterial strain confirmed as Escherichia coli was isolated post mortem. Whole genome sequencing of the E. coli showed the complete genome size was 4.99 Mbp. PapA, PapG, OmpA, OmpU and other virulence factors which specific to Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) were found in the isolate. Among the virulence factors, P pili, type I pili and related factors of the iron uptake system were associated with nephrotoxicity. Conclusion The red panda died of bacterial infection caused by an uropathogenic strain of Escherichia coli. The pathogenic mechanisms of the strain are closely related to the expression of specific virulence genes.

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