scholarly journals Confronting and Coping with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Life Experiences in Thailand

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973232110497
Author(s):  
Samorn Numpong ◽  
Mondha Kengganpanich ◽  
Jaranit Kaewkungwal ◽  
Wirichada Pan-ngum ◽  
Udomsak Silachamroon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Suicidal Ideas

In this article, we aimed to understand the life experiences of Thai persons diagnosed with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). A qualitative study using a face-to-face in-depth interview was conducted at a hospital in Thailand which has the highest prevalence of MDR-TB in the country between January and February 2019. Twenty persons living with MDR-TB in Thailand were purposively selected to represent a variety of experiences based on different gender, ages, and treatment phases. Qualitative data were transcribed and thematic analysis was applied to identify common themes and sub-themes. The results indicated that all participants faced emotional difficulties, such as fear of death, fear of stigmatization, confusion, and sadness when first knowing of their diagnosis. Family and social support were the main ways that the patients coped with difficult situations. Suicidal ideas were more prevalent among patients with poor family support. Screening for mental health problems should be routinely performed in MDR-TB patients. Proper health education should be provided to patients and families to reduce emotional difficulties and stigmatization.

scholarly journals A Step towards Control of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis: Hospital Based Study from Nashik India

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
SV Gosavi ◽  
M Patil ◽  
B Almale ◽  
S Dugad
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Introduction: The Global TB report (2012), estimates 73,000 MDR TB patients living in India, among them only 1,660 cases were notified and 68.4% cases were put on treatment. Hence, this study was conducted with objective to assess the treatment outcome of multi drug resistant Tuberculosis patients enrolled in DOTS plus (Cat-VI) site.Methodology: It is a retrospective case series of MDR-TB cases conducted at Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Nashik (Maharashtra). Information was collected on age, gender, HIV status, previous treatment of TB, weight of patient, refused to take treatment for Cat IV. Outcome was recorded in terms of cure rate, rate of failure, defaulter, treatment completed, switch to Cat V and death.Results: Among the study subject, majority of study subjects were male (65%) and highest proportion (49%) of MDR-TB was in 25-44 years of age. Out of 353 patient 241 (68.4%) were still on Cat IV in which 35% patient’s on intensive phase and 65% put on continuation phase while 12.8%, 13.5%, 4%, 1.1%, 3.6% & 0.5% patient were found to be defaulted, died, refused to take treatment, treatment completed, transfer out & switch to Cat V, respectively.Conclusion: In the present study, the majority of study subjects (99.4%) were previously treated for TB, we identified number of operational challenges in the treatment of MDR-TB like rate of defaulter, refuse to take treatment & deaths among MDR-TB patient was high. There is need to study correlates of these factors in details also need of operational research to improve MDR-TB treatment in India is considered as priority.SAARC J TUBER LUNG DIS HIV/AIDS, 2015 XII (2), page: 34-38

scholarly journals Anestesi Spinal pada Pasien Seksio Sesaria dengan Tuberkulosis Multidrug-resistant (TB MDR)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Satrio Adi Wicaksono ◽  
Yusmein Uyun ◽  
Ratih Kumala Fajar Apsari
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Latar belakang: Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) adalah adanya resistensi terhadap obat TB minimal 2 (dua) obat anti TB yang paling poten yaitu INH dan rifampisin secara bersama-sama atau disertai resistensi terhadap obat anti TB lini pertama lainnya seperti etambutol, streptomisin dan pirazinamid. Pemilihan anestesi spinal pada pasien ini merupakan bahan diskusi yang menarik.Kasus: Seorang wanita G2P1A0 dirujuk ke RSUP Dr Kariadi dengan diagnosa TB MDR. Pasien memiliki riwayat flek paru sejak usia 15 tahun. Pasien memiliki keluhan batuk lama saat kehamilan yang pertama dan sempat mengalami putus obat. Pada pemeriksaan fisik didapatkan keadaan umum pasien tampak sesak dengan kesadaran composmentis, BB 43kg, TB 160cm. Tekanan darah 130/80 mmHg, frekuensi nadi 112x/menit, laju napas 28 x/menit, dengan temperatur 37oC. Pada pemeriksaan mata didapatkan konjungtiva palpebra anemis. Pemeriksaan jantung normal dan paru terdengar suara ronki basah kasar di kedua lapang paru. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium didapatkan anemia dan trombositopenia. Pasien menjalani operasi seksio sesaria dengan anestesi spinal dengan bupivakain 0,5% 10 mg dengan tekanan darah awal 130/80 mmHg. Selama operasi dan pascaoperasi seksio sesaria, hemodinamik pasien stabil, tidak ditemukan hipotensi yang berat maupun kenaikan tekanan darah. Pasien kemudian dirawat di ruangan dengan perawatan pascaoperasi.Pembahasan: Pada penderita TB MDR, hampir seluruh lapang paru diisi oleh infiltrat. Anestesi regional sering disukai pada pasien dengan penyakit paru-paru kronis seperti tuberkulosis daripada anestesi umum untuk menghindari risiko hipersensitivitas pada otot polos bronkhial dan penyempitan saluran udara akibat proses inflamasi, yang dapat berdampak pada morbiditas dan mortalitas selama persalinan operatif. Ketersediaan tes fungsi paru akan sangat membantu ahli anestesi.Kesimpulan: Keadaan paru yang kurang baik dapat menjadi kontra indikasi untuk dilakukan anestesi umum.

scholarly journals Factors associated with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis in Dakar, Senegal, 2010-2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mbouna Ndiaye ◽  
Pauline Kiswendsida Yanogo ◽  
Bernard Sawadogo ◽  
Fadima Diallo ◽  
Simon Antara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

According to the World Health Organization, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) represents a major obstacle towards successful TB treatment and control. In Dakar, MDR-TB management began in 2010 with the strengthening of diagnostic resources. The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Dakar between 2010 and 2016. We conducted a case-control study from January 10 to February 28, 2017 in tuberculosis centers in Dakar. of 169 cases and 507 controls. We used logistic regression with Epi-info version 7.2.1. to estimate the odds ratios of association. Factors significantly associated with MDR-TB were: residing in a periurban area (ORa=1.8; 95% CI (1.5-4.9); p=0.024), presence of MDR-TB in the entourage of patient (ORa=7.0; 95% CI (6.1-9.5); p=0.002), previous treatment failure (ORa=29.5; 95% CI (27.3-30.1); p=0.000), treatment not directly observed by a health care provider (ORa=4.3; 95% CI (4.1-7,2); p=0.000) and irregularity of treatment (ORa=1.7; 95% CI (0.5-5.4); p=0.037). Focusing interventions on population at-risk will prevent MDR-TB.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Multidrup-Resistant Tuberculosis

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Nurul Amin ◽  
Md Anisur Rahman ◽  
Meerjady Sabrina Flora ◽  
Md Abul Kalam Azad
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Directly Observed Treatment ◽  
Sputum Conversion

This case control study was conducted in selected centers of Dhaka City from March to July 2008 to determine the association of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with the attributes related to treatment and socio-economic condition of tuberculosis patients. Sixty seven culture-proven multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases and similar number of age and sex matched controls were selected purposively. Data were collected by face to face interview and documents' review, using a pre tested structured questionnaire and a checklist. Multidrug-resistance was found to be associated with occupation (p=0.001) and residential status (p=0.001) of the tuberculosis patients. Tuberculosis patients who did not remain under directly observed treatment were 3 times more likely to develop multidrugresistant tuberculosis (OR 3.21, 95%CI=1.59-6.52). Multidrug-resistance was associated with inadequacy of treatment (OR 2.56, 95%CI=2.03-3.23). Failure of sputum conversion at the end of 2 months of treatment was detected to be the best predictor of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (OR 11.82, 95% CI=4.61-30.33), followed by treatment with non Directly Observed Treatment Short course regimen and high labor intensive occupations like agriculture, production and transport. The risk factors of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis warrant much improvement in the effective implementation of control programs. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2009; 3(1): 29-33 Key wards: Tuberculosis, MDR TB.   doi: 10.3329/imcj.v3i1.2917   

scholarly journals Multi-drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Rajshahi District

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
M Wasim Hussain ◽  
M Azizul Haque ◽  
ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽  
Maruf Hossain ◽  
M Fazlur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Directly Observed Therapy ◽  
Total Study Population ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Smear Positive Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Treat All

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is a form of tuberculosis that is resistant to at least INH and rifampicin. Total 4390 new patients with sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled in this study and treated with 2HRZE /6HT or HE. 3908 patients were cured and 482 patients had to undergo retreatment because of relapse or treatment failure. Retreatment was done with 2HRZES/1HRZE/5H3R3E3. Directly observed therapy was employed to treat all the cases. 18 patients remained sputum smear positive after eight months of treatment. So, the percentage of MDR TB in total study population was observed to be 0.4%.And the percentage of MDR TB among retreatment cases were 3.7%. doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3190 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 113-117  

scholarly journals The epidemiologic impact and cost-effectiveness of new tuberculosis vaccines on multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in India and China

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chathika K Weerasuriya ◽  
Rebecca C Harris ◽  
C Finn McQuaid ◽  
Fiammetta Bozzani ◽  
Yunzhou Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Second Line Therapy ◽  
China And India ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Line Therapy ◽  
Mdr Tb

Abstract Background Despite recent advances through the development pipeline, how novel tuberculosis (TB) vaccines might affect rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR/MDR-TB) is unknown. We investigated the epidemiologic impact, cost-effectiveness, and budget impact of hypothetical novel prophylactic prevention of disease TB vaccines on RR/MDR-TB in China and India. Methods We constructed a deterministic, compartmental, age-, drug-resistance- and treatment history-stratified dynamic transmission model of tuberculosis. We introduced novel vaccines from 2027, with post- (PSI) or both pre- and post-infection (P&PI) efficacy, conferring 10 years of protection, with 50% efficacy. We measured vaccine cost-effectiveness over 2027–2050 as USD/DALY averted-against 1-times GDP/capita, and two healthcare opportunity cost-based (HCOC), thresholds. We carried out scenario analyses. Results By 2050, the P&PI vaccine reduced RR/MDR-TB incidence rate by 71% (UI: 69–72) and 72% (UI: 70–74), and the PSI vaccine by 31% (UI: 30–32) and 44% (UI: 42–47) in China and India, respectively. In India, we found both USD 10 P&PI and PSI vaccines cost-effective at the 1-times GDP and upper HCOC thresholds and P&PI vaccines cost-effective at the lower HCOC threshold. In China, both vaccines were cost-effective at the 1-times GDP threshold. P&PI vaccine remained cost-effective at the lower HCOC threshold with 49% probability and PSI vaccines at the upper HCOC threshold with 21% probability. The P&PI vaccine was predicted to avert 0.9 million (UI: 0.8–1.1) and 1.1 million (UI: 0.9–1.4) second-line therapy regimens in China and India between 2027 and 2050, respectively. Conclusions Novel TB vaccination is likely to substantially reduce the future burden of RR/MDR-TB, while averting the need for second-line therapy. Vaccination may be cost-effective depending on vaccine characteristics and setting.

PP581 Catastrophic Costs Of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Estimation Based On The Cost Of Treatment In China

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (S1) ◽  
pp. 43-43
Author(s):  
Lijun Shen ◽  
Shangshang Gu ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Zhao Liu ◽  
Yuehua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Drug Affordability ◽  
The Cost

IntroductionChina bears a considerably high burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Second-line anti-TB drugs are urgently needed yet domestic MDR-TB drugs are expensive and lack policy support. Patients’ living conditions are closely related to the drug affordability. The national TB prevention programs should play a critical role. The purpose of this study is to measure the cost of treating MDR-TB patients under different treatment schemes and price sources. The results of this study are expected to inform the relevant drug protection policies and provide inputs for further cost-effectiveness analyses.MethodsBased on the treatment plan of China's Multidrug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis Clinical Path (2012 edition) and the World Health Organization (WHO) Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment Guide (2018 edition), the treatment costs of MDR-TB were measured under different scenarios. Catastrophic health expenditure was then calculated if the treatment cost exceeds 40 percent of the household's non-subsistence income. National, rural and disposable income per capita in 2018, were used to represent Chinese patients’ affordability.ResultsUnder varied treatment schemes and market price sources in China, the total costs for MDR-TB patients range from 19,401 to 126,703 CNY [2,853 to 18,633 USD] per person. Under current prices, all treatment schemes recommended by the WHO will incur catastrophic costs for Chinese MDR-TB patients. Significant differences were found between rural and urban areas as 52.8 percent of the treatment listed in the 2012 China Guideline would lead to catastrophic cost for rural patients but not urban ones.ConclusionsOur study concludes that the domestic drugs are more expensive than the international purchase price and the treatment of MDR-TB imposes substantial economic burden on patients, especially in the rural areas. The results of the study also indicate that it is urgent for the state to emphasize government responsibility and initiate centralized procurement for price negotiations to reduce the market price of MDR-TB drugs. The urban-rural gap should also be addressed in the design of future policies to ensure the drug affordability for all patients in need.

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