Olfactory Stimulation of Preterm Infants with Breast Milk

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110189
Author(s):  
Woon Ae Lee ◽  
Jin Suk Ra
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Olfactory Stimulation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Maintaining stable physiological responses may be important for the growth and development of preterm infants. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effects of olfactory stimulation with maternal breast milk on the occurrence of abnormal physiological responses in preterm infants. With a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design, 13 preterm infants in the experimental group and 18 preterm infants in the control group completed the intervention. The intervention was implemented three times a day for 5 days in a row with 2 hours of administration per intervention. The frequency of abnormal physiological responses was assessed over 6 days (one day before intervention administration and 5 days during intervention administration). With repeated-measures analysis of variance, the experimental group showed a significantly lower frequency of apnea than the control group ( p = .021). Olfactory stimulation with maternal breast milk may be an effective nursing intervention for reducing apnea episodes in preterm infants.

Preoperative ICU tours: are they helpful?

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Lynn-McHale ◽  
A Corsetti ◽  
E Brady-Avis ◽  
R Shaffer ◽  
J McGrory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND: Although preoperative education decreases the anxiety of patients and family members, the usefulness of a preoperative tour of the ICU has not been studied. In this study, the effect of an ICU tour on the anxiety levels of patients (n = 92) and family members (n = 91) before and after cardiac surgery was examined. METHODS: Using a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design, patients and family members were assigned to a control group, which received preoperative teaching only (patients, n = 48; family members, n = 48), or to an experimental group, which received preoperative teaching with an ICU tour (patients, n = 44; family members, n = 43). Patients and family members completed two measures of anxiety, the State Trait Anxiety Inventory and a visual analog scale, before and after the intervention. After their first postoperative visit, family members completed the measures again. Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare anxiety levels after the intervention. In addition, patients completed the Patient Perception of the ICU Tour Questionnaire after transfer from the ICU. RESULTS: Although patients and family members had a decrease in anxiety after cardia surgery teaching, the decrease was not due to an ICU tour. However, the majority of patients who toured the ICU perceived the tour as beneficial and recommended a tour for future patients. CONCLUSIONS: ICU tours are included in many cardiac surgery educational programs. The majority of patients in this study perceived a benefit or a future benefit from an ICU tour, even though the tour did not significantly reduce the anxiety of the patients or family members.

scholarly journals The Effect of Laughter Therapy on Sleep in Community-dwelling Elders with Sleep Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-310
Author(s):  
Yim Sun Lee ◽  
Hyojung Park
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sleep Onset Latency ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of laughter therapy on the quality and quantity of sleep in elders with sleep disorders.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design with 59 participants and included elders with sleep disorders, The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores of five or more points were: 29 in the experiment group and 30 in the control group. The experimental group participated in laughter therapy sixteen times, twice a week for 50 min per session for 8 weeks.Results: The results showed that laughter therapy was effective according to the PSQI (F=86.13, p<.001), total sleep time (F=9.34, p<.001), sleep efficiency (F=45.34, p<.001), sleep onset latency in the experimental group x2=13.77, p=.001, and in the control group x2=11.95, p=.003), number of awakenings (F=31.21, p<.001), light sleep (F=5.09, p=.008), deep sleep (F=15.13, p<.001), and serum melatonin levels (Z=-3.90, p<.001). but rapid eye movement sleep time did not differ significantly between the groups.Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that laughter therapy may be an effective nursing intervention to improve quantity and quality of sleep in community-dwelling elderly.

scholarly journals Effect of Ice Bag Application to Femoral Region on Pain in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevda Korkut Bayındır ◽  
Gülsüm Nihal Çürük ◽  
Abdurrahman Oguzhan
Keyword(s):  
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Nursing Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims. The aim of this study is to determine the pain reduction effectiveness of ice bag applications to the femoral region in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.Material and Methods. A randomized controlled trial with repeated measures and two-group design. The study was completed with a total of 104 patients who met the inclusion criteria: 52 each in the experimental group and the control group. The pain experienced by the patients was evaluated before and during removal and again while the nurse applied pressure on the catheter site after removal. The NRS scores were identified as NRS1, NRS2, and NRS3 for the three assessment, respectively.Results. The NRS1 score was similar between the two groups. It increased at the 2nd measurement, and a statistically significant difference was determined between the two groups (4.0 (3.0-4.0) in the experimental group and 6.0 (4.0-7.0) in the control group) (p<0.001).Conclusions. The results of the study revealed that ice bag application to femoral region was effective in reducing pain induced by femoral catheter removal in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Local ice bag application may therefore be recommended as a nursing intervention for pain control in such cases.

scholarly journals Effect of shearing on some physiological and hormonal parameters in Akkaraman sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-855
Author(s):  
Erkan Pehlivan ◽  
Mahmut Kaliber ◽  
Yusuf Konca ◽  
Gürsel Dellal
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hsp 70 ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective: Shearing is one of the practices that is applied periodically to fiber producing animals, which can also alter resistance of animals to high temperatures in especially summer months. This study aimed to investigate effects of shearing on some physiological and hormonal parameters in Akkaraman sheep during summer season.Methods: This study was carried out on 39 non-pregnant Akkaraman ewes (aged 1.5 years at the beginning of experiment). The 39 ewes were chosen randomly from the flock belonging to the Erciyes University and they were assigned to two groups as follows: i) group A (n = 20) designed as the control group, they were shorn and group B (n = 19) designed as the experimental group, they were unshorn. Prior to the shearing (–1 day) and on days 1, 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 following the shearing, blood samples were taken from the vena jugularis of each sheep. Cortisol, β-endorphin, growth hormone (GH), thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) concentrations were determined using the enzyme immunoassay method. Body weight (BW), rectal temperature (RT), pulse rate (PR), and respiratory rate (RR) of each sheep were recorded at the same time. The data obtained were analyzed using two-way repeated measures analysis of variance.Results: Statistical analysis showed a significant effect of shearing×period interaction (p<0.01) and a significant effect of period (p<0.01) on BW, HSP-70, cortisol, T4 and RT, PR, GH, β-endorphin, T3, respectively. Also these analysis showed no significant effect of shearing× period interaction or period on RR.Conclusion: The results showed that the thermoregulation abilities of sheep were affected by shearing treatment and the shorn ewes were less affected by heat stress. In conclusion, based on the data of this study, shearing can be considered as a necessary management practice that requires protection for sheep from the effect of heat stress.

The Implementation of Learning Materials Based on Local Wisdom of Agricultural in Binjai to Improve the Students Problem Solving Abilities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Tsalits Fahman Mughni
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Teaching materials by integrating local culture makes easier for students to understand the subject matter in the learning process. The aims of the study is to measure the effectiveness of teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai in improving the students problem solving abilities. The research method was a quasi experimental which use non equivalent control group in the pretest posttest design. The sample of study were students of Senior High School grade X in Binjai that consisted of experiment group which used teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai and control group that used student handbooks. Teaching materials are tested by material experts and technology experts to ensure the quality of teaching materials. Data collection was conducted through test. The results showed that the teaching materials based on local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai effective in improving students problem solving abilities in the experimental group students based on the results of N gain value was 0.67 which has medium criteria. It means teaching materials based on agricultural local wisdom of agriculture in Binjai can be used as one of the teaching materials in learning activities.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Abdominal and Gluteus Medius Training in Lumbo-Pelvic Stability and Adductor Strength in Female Soccer Players. A Randomized Controlled Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1528
Author(s):  
Héctor Guerrero-Tapia ◽  
Rodrigo Martín-Baeza ◽  
Rubén Cuesta-Barriuso
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Abdominal and lumbo-pelvic stability alterations may be the origin of lower limb injuries, such as adductor pathology in soccer players. Imbalance can be caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial over 8 weeks, 25 female footballers were randomly allocated to an experimental group (isometric abdominal training and gluteus medius-specific training) or a control group (isometric abdominal training). Evaluations were performed at baseline, at the end of the intervention and after a 4-week follow-up period. The exercise protocol in common for both groups included three exercises: Plank, Lateral plank and Bird dog. Specific exercises for the gluteus medius were: Pelvic drop and Stabilization of the gluteus medius in knee valgus. Outcome measures were lumbar-pelvic stability and adductor strength. Results: After the intervention, there was an increase in lumbo-pelvic stability in both groups, being greater in the control group than in the experimental group (mean differences [MD]: 4.84 vs. MD: 9.58; p < 0.01) with differences in the analysis of repeated measures (p < 0.001), but not in group interaction (p = 0.26). Changes were found in adductor strength in the experimental group (MD: −2.48; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −1.48; p < 0.01 in right adductor) and control group (MD: −1.68; p < 0.001 in the left adductor; MD: −2.05; p < 0.001 in the right adductor) after the intervention, with differences in the analysis of repeated measures in left (p < 0.001) and right (p < 0.001) adductor strength. Conclusions: An abdominal and gluteal training protocol shows no advantage over a protocol of abdominal training alone for lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength, while improvements in both variables are maintained at four weeks follow-up.

Neutral douche: a hydrotherapeutic tool to manage pain and systemic symptoms in primary dysmenorrhea - a randomised controlled study

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sataz Rahmania ◽  
Vanitha Shetty ◽  
Balakrishnan Ragavendrasamy
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mcgill Pain Questionnaire ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhea ◽  
Primary Dysmenorrhoea ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractBackground & ObjectivesThe douche, one of the hydrotherapeutic treatment modality is commonly used by Naturopathy physicians as a treatment of choice in the management of several ailments. This study was done to assess the effect of full body neutral douche in the management of pain and systemic symptoms in adult females with primary dysmenorrhoea.Methods68 subjects of age 18-22 years with primary dysmenorrhoea were recruited for the study and were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group (n = 34) and the control group (n = 34). The experimental group received whole body neutral douche, whereas the control group followed the routine as usual. Assessments for the pain, systemic symptoms and menstrual cramps were done by using McGill Pain Questionnaire, Verbal multidimensional scoring system and analog scale for severity of pain and menstrual cramps respectively at baseline, day 30 and day 60 of intervention. Two- way repeated measures of ANOVA was performed to understand the between group changes, adjusted for the respective baseline values and age.ResultData was analyzed with SPSS (Version 21.0) package. Neutral douche resulted in significant improvement in pain [F(2,66) = 114.564, p < 0.0005, partial ?2 = 0.771], severity of pain [F(2,66) = 70.418, p < 0.0005, partial ?2 = 0.681], cramps [F(2,66) = 75.986, p < 0.0005, partial ?2 = 0.697] and systemic symptoms [F(2,66) = 14.64, p < 0.0005, partial ?2 = 0.307] as compared to the control group.ConclusionFindings suggest that neutral douche can be used as a non-pharmacological intervention in the management of pain and systemic symptoms in primary dysmenorrhea.

The Effect of Individualized Developmental Care Practices in Preterm Infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Dilek Küçük Alemdar ◽  
Sevil İnal
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Developmental Care ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Maternal Voice

Background: Preterm infants are vulnerable humans requiring much care and attention. They may be exposed to irregular noise, light, and odor in the neonatal intensive care unit for a period of several weeks or months. This study was carried out to determine the effect of individualized developmental care on physiological parameters, growth, and transition to oral feeding in preterm infants. Methods: The study was a randomized controlled trial. The sample comprised premature infants meeting the inclusion criteria. They were randomly assigned to four groups: the maternal voice group, the breast milk odor (BMO) group, the incubator cover (IC) group, and the control group. Results: No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of weight, height, and head circumference at time of discharge. Mean SO2 values were statistically higher in the IC group than the other groups; however, the heart rate and respiratory rate were not statistically different in a significant sense between the groups. The briefest duration of transition to total oral feeding was seen in the BMO group. Conclusion: Individualized developmental care practices based on the results of these interventions are likely to support the care of preterm infants. Breast milk odor may ease the transition to breastfeeding.

Effects of oral stimulation with breast milk in preterm infants oral feeding: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiong Le ◽  
Sheng-hua Zheng ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Li-fen Wu ◽  
Feng-juan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Premature Infant ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Transition Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Motor ◽  
Oral Stimulation ◽  
Nutritive Sucking

Abstract Objectives This study was performed to evaluate the effect of oral stimulation with breast milk for preterm infants. Methods A total of 68 subjects form neonatal intensive care unit were randomly assigned into control group (n=20), premature infant oral motor intervention (PIOMI) group (n=25) and premature infant oral motor intervention with breast milk (BM-PIOMI) group (n=23). Results BM-PIOMI group had significant shorter initiation of oral feeding (IOF) time compared to PIOMI group (2.95 days, 95% CI [0.42–5.48]) or control group (9.79 days, 95% CI [7.07–12.51]). BM-PIOMI group had significant sooner transition time from IOF to full oral feeding (FOF) compared to control group (6.68 days, 95% CI [2.2–11.16]), but not to PIOMI group (2.09 days, 95% CI [−2.07 to 6.25]). Length of hospital stay (LOS) did not show statistical different between three groups (control 38.85 ± 14.40 vs. PIOMI 38.48 ± 11.76 vs. BM-PIOMI 38.04 ± 12.2). Growth mixture model identified improvement in non-nutritive sucking (NNS) score in BM-PIOMI group compared to control and PIOMI group (0.8293, p<0.0001, and 0.8296, p<0.0001, respectively). Conclusions Oral stimulation with breast milk can better promotes the oral feeding process of premature infants than the simple oral stimulation, by shorten IOF time and improve early NNS score, but does not shorten transition time from IOF to FOF and LOS. Trial registration The trial identification number is ChiCTR1800019134 (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry http://www.who.int/ictrp/network/chictr2/en/)

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