Trajectories of the Psychological Status of Mothers of Infants With Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts: A Prospective Cohort Study From the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562095139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukihiro Sato ◽  
Eiji Yoshioka ◽  
Yasuaki Saijo ◽  
Toshinobu Miyamoto ◽  
Kazuo Sengoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Distress Scale

Objective: This study examined psychological status trajectories of mothers of infants with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts in Japan. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Data from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Participants: Infants with a nonsyndromic cleft (N = 148) including cleft lip and palate (CLP; n = 72), cleft lip (CL; n = 46), and cleft palate (CP; n = 30). The control group included unaffected infants (N = 84 454). Main Outcome Measures: At 15 weeks and 27 weeks of pregnancy and 12 months after birth, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (clinical cutoff ≥5) was used. At 1 month and 6 months after birth, the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (clinical cutoff ≥9) was used. Results: Prenatal diagnosis rates were unavailable. Mothers of infants with CLP had higher psychological distress than controls at 27 weeks of pregnancy (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.06-1.74) and postnatal depression at 1 month after birth (PR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.53-3.19). Mothers of infants with CP showed heightened psychological distress at 27 weeks of pregnancy (PR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.21-2.17) and postnatal depression 6 months after birth (PR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.01-3.43). There was no significant association between CL and maternal psychological status. At 12 months after birth, no differences in distress were found between mothers of infants with a cleft and controls. Conclusions: Mothers of infants with orofacial clefts may need psychosocial support, particularly during pregnancy and the first year after birth.

Midfoot Function Before and After Total Ankle Arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
pp. 107110072199578
Author(s):  
Frank E. DiLiberto ◽  
Steven L. Haddad ◽  
Steven A. Miller ◽  
Anand M. Vora
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Total Ankle Arthroplasty ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ankle Arthroplasty ◽  
First Metatarsal ◽  
Before And After

Background: Information regarding the effect of total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) on midfoot function is extremely limited. The purpose of this study was to characterize midfoot region motion and power during walking in people before and after TAA. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 19 patients with end-stage ankle arthritis who received a TAA and 19 healthy control group participants. A motion capture and force plate system was used to record sagittal and transverse plane first metatarsal and lateral forefoot with respect to hindfoot motion, as well as sagittal plane midfoot region positive and negative peak power during walking. Parametric or nonparametric tests to examine differences and equivalence across time were conducted. Comparisons to examine differences between postoperative TAA group and control group foot function were also performed. Results: Involved-limb midfoot function was not different between the preoperative and 6-month postoperative time point in the TAA group (all P ≥ .17). Equivalence testing revealed similarity in all midfoot function variables across time (all P < .05). Decreased first metatarsal and lateral forefoot motion, as well as positive peak power generation, were noted in the TAA group postoperative involved limb in comparison to the control group (all P ≤ .01). Conclusion: The similarity of midfoot function across time, along with differences in midfoot function in comparison to controls, suggests that TAA does not change midfoot deficits by 6 months postoperation. Level of Evidence: Level II, prospective cohort study.

scholarly journals Burden and consequence of birth defects in Nepal-evidence from prospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prajwal Paudel ◽  
Avinash K Sunny ◽  
Rejina Gurung ◽  
Abhishek Gurung ◽  
Honey Malla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Birth Defect ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Neonatal Infection

Abstract Background-Every year an estimated 7.9 million babies are born with birth defect. Of these babies, more than 3 million die and 3.2 million have disability. Improving nationwide information on prevalence of birth defect, risk factor and consequence is required for better resource allocation for prevention, management and rehabilitation. In this study, we assess the prevalence of birth defect, associated risk factors and consequences in Nepal.Method-This is a prospective cohort study conducted in 12 hospitals of Nepal for 18 months. All the women who delivered in the hospitals during the study period was enrolled. Independent researchers collected data on the social and demographic information using semi-structured questionnaire at the time of discharge and clinical events and birth outcome information from the clinical case note. Data were analyzed on the prevalence and type of birth defect. Logistic regression was done to assess the risk factor and consequences for birth defect. Results-Among the total 87,242 livebirths, the prevalence of birth defects was found to be 5.8 per 1000 live births. The commonly occurring birth defects were anencephaly (3.95%), cleft lip (2.77%), cleft lip and palate (6.13%), clubfeet (3.95%), eye abnormalities (3.95%) and meningomyelocele (3.36%). The odds of birth defect was higher among mothers with age <20 years (adjusted Odds ratio (aOR) 1.64; 95% CI, 1.18-2.28) and disadvantaged ethnicity (aOR 1.78; 95% CI, 1.46-2.18). The odds of birth asphyxia was twice fold higher among babies with birth defect (aOR 1.88; 95% CI, 1.41-2.51) in reference with babies without birth defect. The odds of neonatal infection was twice fold higher among babies with birth defect (aOR 1.82; 95% CI, 1.12-2.96) in reference with babies without birth defect. Babies with birth defect had three-fold risk of pre-discharge mortality (aOR 3.00; 95% CI, 1.93-4.69). Conclusion- Babies with birth defect have high risk for birth asphyxia, neonatal infection and pre-discharge mortality at birth. Further evaluation on the care provided to babies who have birth defect is warranted.

scholarly journals Serum hepcidin and iron status parameters in pregnant women and the association with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes: a study protocol for a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e032280
Author(s):  
Gabriela Amstad Bencaiova ◽  
Deborah Ruth Vogt ◽  
Irene Hoesli
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Hepcidin

IntroductionHepcidin production is normally upregulated by iron stores, and in obesity has been shown to be overexpressed and correlated with low iron status. The increased hepcidin may restrain the iron release from the cells by affecting the expression of ferroportin, which probably associates with the development of diabetes complication. First, we investigate the difference of serum hepcidin and iron parameters between obese and non-obese pregnant women; second, we examine the correlation between serum hepcidin and adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women.Methods and analysisThis is a mono-centre, prospective cohort study with a study (obese) and a control group (non-obese women). In the first trimester, 188 singleton pregnancies will be recruited. Thereof, we expect 75 with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2and 113 with a BMI 18.5–30 kg/m2. Serum hepcidin, iron and haematological parameters will be measured at 11–14, 24–28, 32–36 weeks of gestation and at time of delivery. Blood pressure, weight, BMI and smoking status will be examined at all visits. We will assess the composite endpoints adverse maternal outcomes (including pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, haemorrhage, placenta abruption) and adverse neonatal outcomes (preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction, preterm premature rupture of membranes, Apgar score <7 at 5 min, stillbirth, neonatal death).Recruitment has started in April 2019.Ethics and disseminationThis study received ethical approval from the ethics committee in Basel. The results of the study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal, and presented at national scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03792464.

Continuous use of antipsychotics and its association with mortality and hospitalization in institutionalized Chinese older adults: an 18-month prospective cohort study

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1640-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuen-Ching Chan ◽  
James Ka-Hay Luk ◽  
Yat-Fung Shea ◽  
Ka-Hin Lau ◽  
Felix Hon-Wai Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Exposed Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Older Adults ◽  
Influenza A H1n1 ◽  
Continuous Use

ABSTRACTBackground: Previous meta-analyses have suggested that antipsychotics are associated with increased mortality in dementia patients with behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD). Subsequent observational studies, however, have produced conflicting results. In view of this controversy and the lack of any suitable pharmacological alternative for BPSD, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between continuous use of antipsychotics and mortality as well as hospitalizations in Chinese older adults with BPSD residing in nursing homes.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted in nursing homes in the Central & Western and Southern Districts of Hong Kong from July 2009 to December 2010. Older adults were stratified into the exposed group (current users of antipsychotics) and control group (non-users). Demographics, comorbidity according to the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Barthel Index (BI(20)), Abbreviated Mental Test (AMT), and vaccination status for pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009, seasonal influenza and pneumococcus were collected at baseline. Subjects were followed up at 18 months. All-cause mortality and all-cause hospitalizations were recorded.Results: 599 older adults with dementia from nine nursing homes were recruited. The 18-month mortality rate for the exposed group was 24.1% while that for control group was 27.5% (P = 0.38). The exposed group also had a lower median rate of hospitalizations (56 (0–111) per 1000 person-months vs 111 (0–222) per 1000 person-months, median (interquartile range), p<0.001).Conclusions: The continuous use of antipsychotics for BPSD does not increase mortality among Chinese older adults with dementia living in nursing homes. Furthermore, our results show that the use of antipsychotics can lead to decreased hospitalizations.

Effects of Acupuncture on Preeclampsia in Chinese Women: A Pilot Prospective Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingchun Zeng ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Taizhen Luo ◽  
Yun Chen ◽  
Guangen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Group Versus ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Acupuncture Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Individual

Objective To investigate the acceptability and feasibility of acupuncture treatment as an adjunct to usual care in Chinese women with preeclampsia. Methods This was a pilot prospective cohort study. Pregnant women with a diagnosis of preeclampsia were offered acupuncture and allocated into groups based on their choice: the acupuncture group (n=11) comprised women electing to receive treatment (up to 10 sessions over 2 weeks). The control group (n=11) was made up of women who declined and was matched for age, gestation at diagnosis, and parity. All women received usual care and underwent measurement of blood pressure (BP) at four time points: at baseline, at the end of the intervention, immediately before delivery, and postpartum (within 24 h). Results Patients in the acupuncture group had significantly lower BP at time of delivery, and postpartum, than patients in the control group (p<0.05). The individual change in BP between baseline and the end of treatment was significantly greater in the acupuncture group versus the control group for both systolic BP (median (IQR) −8 (−3 to −14) vs +1 (−7 to +9) mm Hg, p=0.007) and diastolic BP (−3 (−1 to −3) vs +2 (−2 to +7) mm Hg, p=0.013). There were no significant differences between the groups in perinatal outcomes and no adverse effects of treatment. Conclusions Acupuncture plus usual care was associated with a greater reduction in BP than usual care alone. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of acupuncture in the treatment of preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Could listening to music during pregnancy be protective against postnatal depression and poor wellbeing post birth? Longitudinal associations from a preliminary prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e021251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Fancourt ◽  
Rosie Perkins
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Mental Well Being

ObjectivesThis study explored whether listening to music during pregnancy is longitudinally associated with lower symptoms of postnatal depression and higher well-being in mothers post birth.DesignProspective cohort study.ParticipantsWe analysed data from 395 new mothers aged over 18 who provided data in the third trimester of pregnancy and 3 and 6 months later (0–3 and 4–6 months post birth).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPostnatal depression was measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and well-being was measured using the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale. Our exposure was listening to music and was categorised as ‘rarely; a couple of times a week; every day <1 hour; every day 1–2 hours; every day 3–5 hours; every day 5+hrs’. Multivariable linear regression analyses were carried out to explore the effects of listening to music during pregnancy on depression and well-being post birth, adjusted for baseline mental health and potential confounding variables.ResultsListening during pregnancy is associated with higher levels of well-being (β=0.40, SE=0.15, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.70) and reduced symptoms of postnatal depression (β=−0.39, SE=0.19, 95% CI −0.76 to −0.03) in the first 3 months post birth. However, effects disappear by 4–6 months post birth. These results appear to be particularly found among women with lower levels of well-being and high levels of depression at baseline.ConclusionsListening to music could be recommended as a way of supporting mental health and well-being in pregnant women, in particular those who demonstrate low well-being or symptoms of postnatal depression.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document