Numerical analysis of strain rate effect on ballistic impact response of multilayer three dimensional angle-interlock woven fabric

2021 ◽  
pp. 105678952098359
Author(s):  
Qingsong Wei ◽  
Dan Yang ◽  
Bohong Gu ◽  
Baozhong Sun
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strain Rate Effect ◽  
Ballistic Impact ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Absorption Mechanism ◽  
Failure Morphology

This paper investigates the ballistic impact on Kevlar multilayer three-dimensional angle-interlock woven fabric (3DAWF) by proposing the mesoscale geometrical model for the numerical simulation. Multilayer 3DAWF is designed to yarn level configuration by utilizing the membrane elements to reduce computational time and enhance accuracy. The general-purpose finite element code LS-DYNA is employed to predict the ballistic behavior of multilayer 3DAWF under ballistic penetration. The velocity evolution of the projectile, energy absorption mechanism, and failure morphology of multilayer 3DAWF are predicted and validated by the impact test results. It is found that the mesoscale model based on strain rate material models accurately reproduces the ballistic test results. Numerical simulations with strain rate effects in the yarn material properties have a higher precise prediction in the projectile's velocity, energy absorption mechanism, and failure morphology compared with traditional FEA. This study demonstrated the importance of the strain rate effect of material properties in simulating the ballistic impact on the fabric and dramatically improves the ballistic impact simulation's accuracy on fabric.

Numerical Simulation of UHPFRC-NSC Composite Beam with Diana

2011 ◽  
Vol 243-249 ◽  
pp. 6040-6043
Author(s):  
Yi Hong Guo ◽  
Gang Ling Hou ◽  
Nan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Composite Beam ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Crack Model ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Shear Connection ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Push Out

This paper presents three-dimensional numerical simulation of UHPFRC-NSC composite beam with Diana. An elastic-plastic fracture model is proposed to describe material properties of UHPFRC. Differing from other concrete constitutive model, this one considers strain hardening in tension because of characteristic of UHPFRC. A total strain rotating crack model is used to describe material properties of NSC. The results of relevant push-out tests are used to describe the shear force-slip relationship of shear connection between UHPFRC girder and NSC slab. The numerical investigation focuses on the evaluation of load-deflection behavior, failure mode and shear connection. The agreement of test results and numerical results indicates the reliability of model.

Temperature and Strain-Rate Dependent Characteristics of AISI 300 Series of Austenitic Stainless Steel

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Woong-Sup Park ◽  
Chi-Seung Lee ◽  
Myung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jae-Myung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Aisi 304L ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Cryogenic Conditions

AISI 300 series austenite stainless steel tensile tests under cryogenic conditions were performed to determine the effect of strain-rate and cryogenic temperature. Four types of commercial austenitic stainless steels widely used in LNG applications, AISI 304L, 316L, 321 and 347, were tested. To analyse strain-rate and temperature dependency, material properties were compared quantitatively. Temperatures ranging from 110K to 293K and strain-rates ranging from 1.6E−4/sec to 1.0E−2/sec have been studied as test conditions. From the test results, both strain-rate and temperature have substantial effect on material properties such as strength and elongation. The experimental results could be used to validate numerical techniques for tested materials as well as structures in cryogenic environment.

The Development and Validation of a Finite Element Human Thorax Model for Automotive Impact Injury Studies

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Chang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Automotive Safety ◽  
Skeleton Model ◽  
Rib Cage ◽  
Rate Dependent ◽  
Human Thorax

Abstract Computational simulations are becoming more important in automotive safety engineering. To simulate the occupants during the crash environment, dummies are currently used to represent the occupants. However, current dummies and dummy models lack the detailed information to predict the occupant injuries during a crash. And for the human thorax models, simplified geometry and non strain-rate material properties were used for the rib cage with no ability to simulate the rib fractures often seen in an automotive crash. Therefore, a detailed finite element human thorax model with proper material properties and the capability to simulate the rib fractures is needed to better understand the thoracic injuries under frontal and side impacts. The current thorax model, based on a previous skeleton model with heart and lung by Deng et al. [1]. used digital surface images to construct the three-dimensional finite element representation of the spine, rib cage, arms, surface muscles, heart, lungs, and major blood vessels. Strain-rate-dependent properties were utilized for the rib cage. With the rib fracture prediction, the model showed good correlation with the test results.

Curvature Ductility of Concrete Element under High Strain-Rates

2012 ◽  
Vol 166-169 ◽  
pp. 2910-2917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubair Syed ◽  
Priyan Mendis ◽  
Nelson Lam ◽  
Tuan D. Ngo
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Static Load ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Strain Rate Effect ◽  
Rate Effect ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Material Models ◽  
Curvature Ductility ◽  
Concrete Elements

Considerable amount of studies on the ductility and flexural behaviour of normal and high strength concrete elements under static load can be found in literature. However, most of the previous theoretical investigations on moment-curvature (M-φ) relationship of concrete elements to calculate curvature ductility and flexural capacity did not take account of the strain-rate effect on the material models. M-φ analysis of concrete elements under dynamic loading are often conducted with material models developed for quasi-static load by applying Dynamic Increase Factors (DIF) to the material properties to reflect the strain-rate effect. Depending on magnitude and duration of applied dynamic load, element stiffness and boundary condition strain-rate varies over the cross section. Thus, the application of DIF to modify peak material properties often fails to reflect the strain-rate effect reliably. The improvement of using material model which incorporated strain-rate in its constitutive equations has been explored in this study. The effects of reinforcement amount, grade and concrete strength on curvature ductility for different strain rates have been studied using material models which have strain-rate effects included in theirs formulation. Based on the parametric study, a simple formula to estimate curvature ductility for concrete elements under explosive loads (high strain-rates) has been proposed.

Ballistic impact performance and surface failure mechanisms of two-dimensional and three-dimensional woven p-aramid multi-layer fabrics for lightweight women ballistic vest applications

2019 ◽  
pp. 152808371986288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulat Alubel Abtew ◽  
François Boussu ◽  
Pascal Bruniaux ◽  
Carmen Loghin ◽  
Irina Cristian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Ballistic Impact ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Target Point ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Plain Weave ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Weave Fabric ◽  
Target Locations

This paper investigates the influences of woven fabric type, impact locations and number of layers on ballistic impact performances of target panels through trauma dimension and panel surface damage mechanisms for lightweight women ballistic vest design. Three panels with 30, 35 and 40 layers of two-dimensional plain weave and another two panels with 30 and 40 layers of three-dimensional warp interlock fabrics were prepared. The three-dimensional woven fabric was manufactured using automatic Dornier weaving machine, whereas the two-dimensional fabric (with similar p-aramid fibre type (Twaron®)) was received from the Teijin Company. The ballistic tests were carried out according to NIJ Standard-0101.06 Level IIIA. Based on the result, woven fabric construction type, number of layers and target locations were directed an upshot on the trauma measurement values of the tested target panels. For example, 40 layers of two-dimensional plain weave fabric panels show lower trauma measurement values as compared to its counterpart three-dimensional warp interlock fabric panels with similar layer number. Moreover, 40 layers of two-dimensional fabric panels revealed 47% and 39% trauma depth reduction as compared to panels with 30 layers of two-dimensional fabric panel in moulded (target point 1) and non-moulded (target point 6), respectively. Due to higher amount of primary yarn involvement, two-dimensional plain weave fabric panel face higher level of local surface damages but less severe and fibrillated yarns than three-dimensional warp interlock fabrics panels. Moreover, three-dimensional warp interlock fabric panels required higher number of layers compared to two-dimensional plain weave aramid fabrics to halt the projectiles. Similarly, based on the post-mortem analysis of projectile, higher projectile debris deformation was recorded for panels having higher number of layers for both types of fabrics at similar target locations.

Energy Absorption Capacity of Expanding Tube with Fiber-Reinforcement

2014 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Gin Boay Chai ◽  
Guo Xing Lu
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Finite Element Analyses ◽  
Absorption Mechanism ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

Abstract. This contribution presents the investigation of energy absorption mechanism of metal tubes and composite-wrapped metal tubes subjected to a diametric deformation via an expansion process. In the experiments, the expansion of the tubes was performed under quasi-static loading using a conical-cylindrical expansion die. The experimental results are repeatable and thus reliable. An extensive finite element analyses and experimental investigation were carried out in parallel. Both two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element models were created based on the actual experimental geometrical and material parameters. Results from the finite element analyses correlate rather well with the experimental data. Glass fibre-wrapped metal tubes showed an increased steady-state reaction force which in turn reflects better specific energy absorption capacity for every layer of composite wrapped as compared to bare metal tubes.

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