Use of Computer Drug-Drug Interaction Program for Detection of Adverse Drug Reactions and Related Therapeutic Problems

1979 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry C. Hood ◽  
Jon R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Clinical Services ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
Clinically Significant

Pharmacies currently using computers to detect drug-drug interactions may not be fully utilizing the computers' programs. Potential drug-disease interactions and some potential adverse drug reactions not traditionally defined as interactions can be detected by extending the basic concept of cross-referencing. For example, certain clinically important ADRs are readily detected by cross-referencing drugs which are often used to treat the results of specific ADRs with certain causative agents. The potential therapeutic implications of such a system when restricted to clinically significant ADRs can be readily appreciated, especially in situations where the pharmacist's time in patient-care areas is limited. This concept is currently being practiced at Bayfront Medical Center, and has added a new dimension to the clinical services provided by the pharmacy. It seems likely that detection of therapeutic situations in this manner may be appropriate in other hospital settings.

scholarly journals Potential clinically significant life-threatening drug–drug interactions of lopinavir and ritonavir used in the treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohitosh Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Prescribing Information

AbstractPotential clinically significant life-threatening drug–drug interactions (DDIs) of lopinavir (LPV) and ritonavir (RTV) used in the treatment of COVID-19 is not systematically reviewed. It was aimed to identify severe DDI pairs of LPV/RTV from international resources predicted to cause life-threatening adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Severe DDI pairs predicted to cause life-threatening ADRs were identified from the FDA and Liverpool COVID-19 prescribing information of LPV/RTV. In total, 62 severe DDI pairs were identified from the FDA and Liverpool COVID-19 resources predicted to cause life-threatening ADRs in patients with COVID-19. Of these, seven unique DDI pairs (11.3%; 95% CI 3%–19%) were identified from the FDA only whereas 45 unique DDI pairs (72.6%; 95% CI 61%–84%) were identified from the Liverpool COVID-19 drug interactions resource. Of interest, only 10 DDI pairs (16.1%; 95% CI 7%–25%) were recognized by both of these drug interaction resources. Clinicians should not entirely rely on any individual DDI resource for checking life threatening ADRs of LPV/RTV in patients with COVID-19.

scholarly journals Kajian Adverse Drug Reactions Terkait Interaksi Obat di Bangsal Rawat Inap Rumah Sakit Akademik UGM

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fivy Kurniawati ◽  
Nanang Munif Yasin ◽  
Amila Dina ◽  
Sanses Atana ◽  
Sarah Nabila Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prolonged Length

Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) is one of the causes of patient’s prolonged length of stay in the hospital and drug interactions can be included as one of the causes of the cause of ADRs. ADR related to drug interactions is a clinical problem that requires proper prevention. This study aimed to identify potential drug interactions also identify adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to drug interactions in hospitalized patients at Universitas Gadjah Mada Teaching Hospital. This cross-sectional study used retrospective data collection through patient’s medical records from January to June 2018. Patients included in this study were all patients who received therapy more than two kind of drugs simultaneously treated in hospital wards of Universitas Gadjah Mada Teaching Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The data collected were then analyzed descriptively. Drug interactions were analyzed using Drug Interaction Facts 2012 and Stockley. ADRs were analyzed by monitoring documented effects of patients with potential drug interaction. There were 115 of 362 patients (31.8%) with potential drug interactions. The total numbers of potential interactions that occur were 182 interactions. The most potential type of interaction was the interaction with moderate severity, with 115 interactions (63.2%). The majority of drug interactions occur through unknown mechanisms (54.4%). Actual ADR occurs in 3.3% patients who were 2 pediatric patients and 4 geriatric patients. This study can be a reference for drug interactions and ADRs as well as guide for pharmacist and healthcare in providing the right medication.

Unlisted Ingredients

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-742
Author(s):  
NEIL L. KAO
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Causative Agents

To the Editor.— Studies by Kumar et al1,2 demonstrate clearly the number and potential importance of unlisted ingredients. Reactions triggered by these excipients may in fact account for many reported adverse drug reactions, including reactions to antihistamines and corticosteroids, originally thought to be caused by the primary medications. When patients suspected of having a hypersensitivity disease are evaluated for the etiologic factor, excipients should be included among the suspected causative agents. For example, in a patient evaluated recently for the etiology of urticaria, we determined that his toothpaste was the etiologic agent.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS OF IMPROPER DOSAGE AND ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS CATEGORIES IN OSTEOARTHRITIS OUTPATIENTS IN RSUD JOMBANG 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Ayu Tria Nurjannah Muslim ◽  
Abdul Hakim ◽  
Meilina Ratna Dianti
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Drug Related Problems ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Chronic Disorder ◽  
Potential Case ◽  
Drug Regimens ◽  
Complex Drug

<em>Osteoarthritis is a chronic disorder of synovial joints, characterized by progressive softening and disintegration of cartilage in joints. This is the most common type of arthritis in Indonesia with prevalence about 23.6 to 31.3% and generally suffered by middle age patients. Drug therapy for treating osteoarthritis is NSAIDs, supplements and corticosteroids. The increasing number of available drugs, drug users and more complex drug regimens caused  more side effect and potential drug interaction and  lead to another problem, it is Drug Related Problems. The purpose of this study was to identify potential Drug Related Problem categories of improper dosage and Adverse Drug Reactions in osteoarthritis outpatient in RSUD Jombang during 2016. This research is a non-experimental descriptive study conducted retrospectively, carried out in March 2017 at RSUD Jombang.  Research sample is 87 respondents of osteoarthritis outpatient which taken by systematic random sampling method. The data presented in percentage of improper dosage and Adverse Drug reactions potential case. The result found potential of improper dosage in respondent about 82,76% and Adverse Drug Reactions about 20,69%.</em>

Adverse Drug Reactions and Comorbidities in Patient Treated for COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 451-454
Author(s):  
Pournima Yadav ◽  
Sachin Rohane ◽  
Atish Velhal
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Working Mechanism ◽  
Medication Dose

Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by a newly emergent coronavirus, which was first recognized in Wuhan, China in Dec 2019. Through various mechanism action of drug which are used for the treatment of Covid-19, it is know that how actually the drug can shows its working, mechanism on this disease. Comorbidities are associated with the high mortality in patient with coronavirus disease, so they will develop a more symptoms. Peoples are suffering comorbities like Covid-19 with Diabetes, Covid-19 with Hypertension, Covid-19 and Asthma, Covid-19 and COPD, Covid-19 and HIV, etc. According to different patient age group treatment of the particular medication, dose, and route of administration should be recommend by the healthcare professional and after receiving the treatment, the patients are suffering from adverse drug reactions of some medications like allergic reactions, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, tiredness, fever, etc and drug-drug interaction may happen. Thus, this review is all about to highlight the patients who suffering from comorbidities and to study the adverse drug reactions of the medications prescribed for patient suffering from Covid-19.

Potential Drug-drug Interactions and Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Hydroxychloroquine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Arjun Singh ◽  
Richa Chaudhary ◽  
Prayas Verma ◽  
Nilanchal Trivedi ◽  
Shamim Md Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Drug Reactions

scholarly journals Adverse Drug Reactions Among Patients Enrolled in an Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) Program 2015–2016 at UNC Medical Center

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S341-S341
Author(s):  
Vahini Chundi ◽  
Anh Eichholz ◽  
Onyeka Nwankwo ◽  
Alan Kinlaw ◽  
Wesley Kufel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Initial Cohort ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Antimicrobial Regimen

Abstract Background The UNC Medical Center OPAT program was started in 2015 to provide multidisciplinary monitoring and management of patients discharged on parenteral antimicrobials. We examined characteristics of incident adverse drug reactions (ADRs) observed in our initial cohort of OPAT patients. Methods We abstracted electronic health records for the first 250 patients enrolled in the OPAT program. 223 patients with sufficient recorded data for entire OPAT course were included in the analysis. ADRs meeting criteria as detailed in Table 1 were collected and further stratified by antimicrobial regimen. Results 57 patients (26%) experienced at least one ADR during OPAT therapy. The frequency of specific ADRs associated with OPAT therapies are provided in Figure 1. Β-lactam regimens were most frequently associated with liver dysfunction, while combinations of β-lactams and vancomycin were associated with kidney dysfunction. Median days on OPAT regimen was 19 days (IQR: 10–29) for patients who experienced an ADR compared with 39 (IQR: 30–44) for patients who did not experience an ADR. Conclusion ADRs were most commonly observed within the first three weeks of therapy, particularly for patients receiving vancomycin and a β-lactam antimicrobial in combination. These results underscore the critical role of a multidisciplinary team in providing laboratory monitoring and response to abnormal results for OPAT patients. In addition, closer monitoring within the first three weeks of therapy may provide opportunities for regimen changes or dose adjustment to avoid toxicities. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

The Incidence and Nature of Adverse Reactions during Intravenous Acetylcysteine Therapy for Acetaminophen Overdose

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matitiahu Lifshitz ◽  
Perez Kornmehl ◽  
Haim Reuveni
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Oral Formulation ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Acetaminophen Overdose ◽  
History Of

Objective: To determine the incidence of adverse drug reactions in patients with acetaminophen overdose following administration of intravenous acetylcysteine, and to evaluate the cost-benefit ratio of intravenous compared with oral acetylcysteine therapy. Methods: The incidence of adverse drug reactions to intravenous acetylcysteine therapy was studied retrospectively in all patients with acetaminophen overdose who were admitted to Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel, from 1994 to 1998. Data were obtained from hospital records. All patients were treated with a 20-hour intravenous regimen according to the Prescott protocol. Special attention was paid to the clinical manifestations of adverse reactions, time of onset, and history of patient allergy and asthma. Cost of therapy (drug prices, hospital per diems) for intravenous versus oral acetylcysteine administration was evaluated in accordance with average rates prevailing in Israel in December 1998. Results: Ninety-two patients, 32 adolescents aged 12–18 years (mean ± SD 14.2 ± 1.9) and 60 adults aged 18–52 years (28.2 ± 3.2), were treated with intravenous acetylcysteine for acetaminophen overdose during the study period. Three patients (3.2%) developed adverse reactions: one adult presented with a maculopapular rash and pruritus, and two adolescents developed mild urticaria; no other adverse reactions were reported. All adverse reactions occurred during administration of the loading dose, 15–20 minutes after initiation of therapy. The reactions subsided a few hours after the acetylcysteine infusion was stopped and did not require antiallergy therapy. None of the three patients had a history of allergy. The 20-hour intravenous acetylcysteine protocol is approximately three times less expensive than the recommended oral regimen in terms of drug cost and length of hospitalization. Conclusions: Intravenous acetylcysteine is a relatively safe antidote for acetaminophen poisoning. The incidence rate of adverse reactions is low, and they are mild and easily controlled by termination of the infusion. We recommend intravenous acetylcysteine therapy, particularly for patients with vomiting caused by the acetaminophen overdose or by oral acetylcysteine therapy. The 20-hour intravenous acetylcysteine therapy has a cost-benefit advantage over oral therapy; however, the oral formulation is not approved by the FDA.

scholarly journals THESIGNIFICANCE OF PHARMACOGENETIC TESTING FOR BETTER ANAESTHETIC OUTCOME AND LESSSURGICALSTRESS. Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
Kristina Tatzhikova ◽  
Bela Kantemirova ◽  
Aleksei Zhidovinov ◽  
Irakliy Kitiashvili
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Genetic Polymorphism ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Depth Of Anesthesia ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Stress Protection

The review is devoted to the problem of optimizing the anesthetic manual based on pharmacogenetic data in order to achieve an adequate depth of anesthesia and stress protection and reduce the number of adverse drug reactions. We analyzed the data of Pub Med and Web of Science databases to investigate the influence of genetic polymorphism on the body's response to the main groups of drugs used for anesthesia, and changes in the effects of drug interaction. Specifically, we have reported that the use of preoperative genetic screening for a set of markers (polymorphic alleles of a number of cytochromes) is a promising tool in the anesthesiologist's practice.

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