Failure of Intraarticular Ceftazidime in a Patient with Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Septic Arthritis

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Kay ◽  
Peter S. Klimiuk ◽  
Gareth Ronson ◽  
George R. Bailie
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Single Patient ◽  
Patient Study ◽  
Routes Of Administration

This report describes a patient with Pseudomonas aeruginosa septic arthritis who received ceftazidime by the intravenous and intraarticular routes. Concentrations of ceftazidime in the synovial fluid following both routes of administration were measured and found to be above the minimum inhibitory concentration. Despite this the organism was not eradicated. We were unable to find other literature describing the disposition of ceftazidime in synovial fluid and therefore this single-patient study provides novel information. We were unable to account for the apparent failure of therapy.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and antimicrobial assessment of Iranian Propolis gathered in Qazvin province

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Samieerad ◽  
Nematollah Gheibi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Standard Strain ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Background: Propolis is one of the useful bee colony products that have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. In this study, the physicochemical characters and their antibacterial effect of Iranian Propolis collected from Qazvin province was assessed.Methods: In this study, Thin Layer Chromatography and Vacuum Liquid Chromatography to detect different compounds of the extract have been used. In the initial evaluation of Propolis extract, it was found that the extract includes variable compounds with different polarity; so, the initial classification of extract with different polarity solvents was essential. Finally, 0.1 gr hydro alcoholic Propolis was injected to the HPLC by ultrasound. The antibacterial effect of Iranian ethanol extract Propolis was measured using a microdilution method against Pseudomonas aeruginosa: P. aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus: S.aureus standard strains and the minimum bactericidal and inhibitory concentration were defined.Results: Primary analysis of the ethanol extract by analytical Thin Layer Chromatography, demonstrated the presence of flavonoid and phenol in it. Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration for Staphylococcus aureus: S.aureus standard strain was 2.5mg/ml. The same procedure was done for Pseudomonas aeruginosa: P. aeruginosa standard strain and the Minimum inhibitory concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration were 50mg/ml of Propolis extracts.  Conclusion: According to the results, the alcoholic extract of propolis from Qazvin province of Iran provides significant antimicrobial activity. Its powerful activity may be due to high total phenolic and flavonoid contents.Keywords: Iranian propolis, Antibacterial activity, Phenolic compounds, Flavonoid compound

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Hemolytic Activity of Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus Venom

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida ◽  
Saudy Consepcion Flores-Aguilar ◽  
Liliana Mireya Aguilar-Castro ◽  
Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo ◽  
Benjamín Valladares-Carranza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Hemolytic Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Treatments ◽  
First Time

Rattlesnakes have venoms with a complex toxin mixture comprised of polypeptides and proteins. Previous studies have shown that some of these polypeptides are of high value for the development of new medical treatments. The aim of the present study is to evaluate, in vitro, the antibacterial and hemolytic activity of Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venoms. A direct field search was conducted to obtain Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venom samples. These were evaluated to determine their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa through the techniques of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). Hemolytic activity was also determined. Antibacterial activity was determined for treatments (Crotalus triseriatus 2) CT2 and (Crotalus ravus 3) CR3, obtaining a Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of 50 µg/mL and a Minimum Bactericidal Concentration of 100 µg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CT1 (Crotalus triseriatus 1), CT2, and CR3 presented hemolytic activity; on the other hand, Crotalus ravus 4 (CR4) did not show hemolytic activity. The results of the present study indicate for the first time that Crotalus triseriatus and Crotalus ravus venoms contain some bioactive compounds with bactericidal activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa which could be used as alternative treatment in diseases caused by this pathogenic bacterium.

Serum Inhibitory and Bactericidal Activity of Ciprofloxacin following Intravenous Administration

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-460
Author(s):  
Michael N. Dudley ◽  
Hilary D. Mandler ◽  
Kenneth H. Mayer ◽  
Stephen H. Zinner
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Resistant Strain ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dose Levels

Serum inhibitory and bactericidal titers were measured in nine healthy volunteers following single iv doses of ciprofloxacin 100, 150, and 200 mg. The median peak serum bactericidal titer (5 minutes following completion of a 30-minute infusion) against two highly susceptible strains of Escherichia coli ranged between 1:64 and 1:1024 and titers exceeded 1:8 for six hours for all dose levels. The bactericidal titers against two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and a methicillin-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus were considerably lower, the median peak being 1:2 at all dose levels. Measured inhibitory and bactericidal titers at five minutes and one hour postinfusion were significantly greater than those predicted (measured serum ciprofloxacin concentration to minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] or minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC]) for only one strain of E. coli. Intravenous doses of ciprofloxacin 100–200 mg produce high and sustained serum bactericidal titers against highly susceptible bacteria; considerably lower levels of activity are seen against bacteria having higher MICs and MBCs but still considered susceptible to the drug.

scholarly journals Antibacterial effects assessment on some livestock pathogens, thermal stability and proposing a probable reason for different levels of activity of thanatin

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Javadmanesh ◽  
Elyas Mohammadi ◽  
Zahra Mousavi ◽  
Marjan Azghandi ◽  
Abass Tanhaiean
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Probable Reason ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

AbstractThere is a continuing need to prevent the increasing use of common antibiotic and find the replacement to combat the drug/antibiotic resistant bacteria such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) such as thanatin peptide. In this study, recombinant thanatin peptide was expressed in the HEK293 cell line. Then the antimicrobial properties of this peptide on some poultry and farm animal’s pathogen strains were assessed. The thermal-stability of thanatin was predicted in various temperatures through in silico analysis. Afterwards, according to Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) results, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were chosen to test the hypothesis of LptA/LptD–thanatin interaction, computationally. Relative amino acid sequences and crystallography structures were retrieved and missed tertiary structures were predicted. The interaction of thanatin with LptA and LptD of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were analyzed subsequently. The antibacterial activity of thanatin peptide was evaluated between 6.25 and 100 μg/mL using minimum inhibitory concentration. Also, the amounts of minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were between 12.5 and 200 μg/mL. The bioinformatics analysis followed by the in vitro assessment, demonstrated that thanatin would be thermally stable in the body temperature of poultry and farm animals. Thanatin could penetrate to the outer membrane domain of LptD in Escherichia coli and it could block the transition path of this protein while the entrance of LptD in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was blocked for thanatin by extra residues in comparison with Escherichia coli LptD. In addition, the quality of interaction, with regard to the number and distance of interactions which leads to higher binding energy for thanatin and LptD of Escherichia coli was much better than Pseudomonas aeruginosa. But the site and quality of interaction for thanatin and LptA was almost the same for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Accordingly, thanatin can prevent the assembly of LptA periplasmic bridge in both pathogens. The antibacterial and thermal stability of the thanatin peptide suggested that thanatin peptide might serve as a natural alternative instead of common antibiotics in the veterinary medicine. The outcome of this in silico study supports the MIC results. Therefore, a probable reason for different level of activity of thanatin against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa might be the quality of LptA/LptD–thanatin interaction.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Potential of Coconut and Carrot Oil Extracts on Some Bacterial Skin Microflora

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Ewansiha J.U. ◽  
Tilon G. ◽  
Kolawole I.D. ◽  
Orji S.L.
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Natural Oil ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Oil Extract

In response to the chemically harmful effects of commercially sold body creams on the skin due to the presence of steroids, hydroquinone and kojic acid, natural oil extracts from medicinal plants and fruits are seen as alternative. The use of natural oil extract is not without some intricacies too as its effect against skin microflora has been reported. Therefore, the inhibitory potentials of coconut and carrot oil extracts on some bacterial skin microflora were determined using standard laboratory identification and agar well diffusion methods for identification of bacteria from human skin swab and antibacterial susceptibility test, respectively. The isolated organisms include, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus species, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The result obtained shows that carrot oil extract inhibits all the test isolates with mean zones of inhibition (MZI) ranged from 6.00±1.00 to 12.15±0.55 while coconut oil extract was only active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MZI of 12.50±0.55. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) result also shows that carrot oil extract was significantly (p ˂ 0.05) more active than coconut oil with MIC of 50% while the test isolates were still viable at 100% use of coconut oil extract. There was no minimum inhibitory concentration (MBC) obtained as all the test organisms were still viable at 100% of both oil extracts. From the result of this study, it can be concluded that carrot oil extract possesses inhibitory potentials against skin microflora as opposed to coconut oil extract. Therefore, it is safer to apply coconut oil on human skin since it has less inhibitory effect on skin microflora.

scholarly journals Comparison of plasma and intra-articular gentamicin levels after intravenous administration in healthy horses

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-230
Author(s):  
Marília Alves Ferreira ◽  
Mayra Lissoni Aguiar ◽  
Renan Grigoletto ◽  
Danielle Passarelli ◽  
Julia de Assis Arantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Systemic Side Effects ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
The Right

Septic arthritis is considered one of the most severe disorders that affect horses’ joints. Therapy is intended to eliminate the microorganisms that cause this infection. The intravenous administration of antibiotics is an easily performed technique, but there is no guarantee that the antibiotics will reach the joint milieu at high concentrations and remain elevated for a certain period of time. This study aimed to determine and compare the levels of gentamicin in the plasma and synovial fluid of healthy horses after intravenous administration for seven days. Five horses received 6.6 mg/kg intravenous gentamicin every 24 h for seven consecutive days. Blood and synovial fluid samples were collected from the right metacarpal-phalangeal joint before the start of the treatment (T0) and after 6 h (T6), 12 h (T12), and every 24 h during antibiotic therapy for seven days (D1 to D7). The levels of gentamicin in serum and synovial fluid were quantified by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The intravenous administration of 6.6 mg/kg of gentamicin, in horses, after a period of 24 h, promotes synovial fluid concentrations below the MIC of the drug, in spite of reaching high plasma concentrations of gentamicin, daily mean serum concentration which was 29-fold higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the drug. The intravenous administration every 24 h during seven consecutive days did not cause systemic side effects, such as hepatic or renal injury.

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