Articulating the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Collective Intelligence: A Transactive Systems Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 670-674
Author(s):  
Pranav Gupta ◽  
Anita Williams Woolley
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
The Core ◽  
Systems Framework

Human society faces increasingly complex problems that require coordinated collective action. Artificial intelligence (AI) holds the potential to bring together the knowledge and associated action needed to find solutions at scale. In order to unleash the potential of human and AI systems, we need to understand the core functions of collective intelligence. To this end, we describe a socio-cognitive architecture that conceptualizes how boundedly rational individuals coordinate their cognitive resources and diverse goals to accomplish joint action. Our transactive systems framework articulates the inter-member processes underlying the emergence of collective memory, attention, and reasoning, which are fundamental to intelligence in any system. Much like the cognitive architectures that have guided the development of artificial intelligence, our transactive systems framework holds the potential to be formalized in computational terms to deepen our understanding of collective intelligence and pinpoint roles that AI can play in enhancing it.

scholarly journals Category Theory as Interpretation Law Model in Artificial Intelligence Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Lambrini Seremeti ◽  
◽  
Ioannis Kougias ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Category Theory ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
The Core ◽  
Everyday Activities ◽  
Micro Level

Nowadays, artificial intelligence entities operate autonomously and they actively participate in everyday social activities. At a macro-perspective, they play the role of mediator between people and their actions, as components of the fundamental structure of every social activity. At a micro-perspective, they can be considered as fixed critical points whose hypostasis is not subject to established legal framework. A key point is that embedding artificial intelligence entities in everyday activities may maximize legal uncertainty both at the macro and micro-level, as well as at the interim phase, i.e., the switch between the two levels. In this paper, we adapt a well-known concept from Category Theory, namely that of the pushout, in order to approximate the core interpretation legal framework of such activities, by considering each level as an open system. The purpose of using Systems Theory in combination with Category Theory is to introduce a mathematical approach to uniquely interpret complex legal social activities and to show that this novel area of artificially enhanced activities is of prime and practical importance and significance to law and computer science practitioners.

Send in the robots

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom P. Abeles
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Personal Identity ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
And Robotics

Purpose This paper aims to explore how the introduction of robots and artificial intelligence raises questions regarding the role of “work” not just in meeting societal material needs but challenges the idea of work as an underlying paradigm of human society, particularly as personal identity. Design/methodology/approach This paper takes the form of an editorial opinion piece. Findings “Work” is a defining characteristic of an individual. The entrance of robots and artificial intelligence could be a greater challenge to an individual’s sense of well-being and identity than only for filling traditional functions and basic needs of society. Social Implications The question is raised as to the psychological and social implications of the “immigration” of a new “culture” in the form of artificial intelligence and robotics beyond a local or regional basis. Originality/value The increasing presence of robots and artificial intelligence not only offers alternative ways for society to function but also sharpens the challenges that one culture faces when confronted by other communities who are able to fill traditional positions beyond the traditional one of “work”.

New Challenges for Education in the Forthcoming Era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-117
Author(s):  
Michael Voskoglou
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Current Form ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Future Education

The rapid industrial and technological development of the last years has transformed the human society to its current form of knowledge and globalization. As a result, the formal education is nowadays faced with the big challenge of preparing students for a new way of life in the forthcoming fourth industrial revolution. This new revolution could be characterized as the era of the internet of things and energy and of the cyber-physical systems. The present chapter focuses on the role that computers and artificial intelligence could play in future education and the risks hiding behind this perspective. It is concluded that it is rather impossible that computers and the other “clever” machines of artificial intelligence will reach to the point of replacing teachers for educating students in future, because all these devices have been created and programmed by humans and therefore it is logical to accept that they will never succeed to reach the quality of human reasoning. However, it is certain that the role of the teacher will be dramatically changed in the future classrooms.

scholarly journals Eupsychian Theory: Reclaiming Maslow and Rejecting The Pyramid - The Seven Essential Needs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Sosteric ◽  
Gina Ratkovic
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Abraham Maslow ◽  
Human Motivation ◽  
Untimely Death ◽  
The Core ◽  
Integrative View

In 1943, Abraham Maslow presented a now widely accepted theory of human motivation. This theory was shortly represented by a now iconic Pyramid of Needs. Building upon the work of Abraham Maslow, this article rejects the pyramid of needs as an ideologically rooted, sanitized, and stripped-down version of Maslow’s nascent Eupsychian Theory. Instead, the article proposes a Circle of Seven Essential needs as the core of a sophisticated and integrative humanistic/transpersonal Euspychian theory of human development and human potential, a theory that Maslow was in the process of developing before his untimely death. As argued in the article, the Circle of Seven Essential Needs encourages us to develop a broad, holistic, and integrative view of human nature, human development and the role of human society more in line with Maslow’s thinking on human development and human potential.

Role of Consumer Engagement and Swarm Intelligence in Management of a Brand at Social Media

2016 ◽  
pp. 1354-1370
Author(s):  
Rajshree Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Consumer Experience ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Consumer Engagement ◽  
Use Of Social Media

The traditional media has its own place and will always be there but the revolution in marketing era will change the thinking of the society as a whole and the various communication channels will always be in flux. The ability to think collectively seeks cognitive architectures of collective intelligence which today from consumer's perspective is to become a human swarm with the use of social media. With the growth of social media, marketing companies need something more innovative to engage and interact with their customers. As the marketplace becomes noisier, with more products being introduced, fight is not just mindshare but share of attention. Various organizations have started exploring the power of such a large user membership to influence the online buyers at social media and are attempting to engage consumers with their brands, which will finally influence their brand image. The chapter explores the extent of consumer experience and engagement, how online consumers are engaged towards a specific brand. The methodology for study is empirical evidence through netnography, and result of this study is through correlation and regression model. Findings confirm the factors contributing to consumer engagement and swarm intelligence in management of a brand at social media.

Role of Consumer Engagement and Swarm Intelligence in Management of a Brand at Social Media

2016 ◽  
pp. 116-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajshree Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Swarm Intelligence ◽  
Brand Image ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Consumer Experience ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Consumer Engagement ◽  
Use Of Social Media

The traditional media has its own place and will always be there but the revolution in marketing era will change the thinking of the society as a whole and the various communication channels will always be in flux. The ability to think collectively seeks cognitive architectures of collective intelligence which today from consumer's perspective is to become a human swarm with the use of social media. With the growth of social media, marketing companies need something more innovative to engage and interact with their customers. As the marketplace becomes noisier, with more products being introduced, fight is not just mindshare but share of attention. Various organizations have started exploring the power of such a large user membership to influence the online buyers at social media and are attempting to engage consumers with their brands, which will finally influence their brand image. The chapter explores the extent of consumer experience and engagement, how online consumers are engaged towards a specific brand. The methodology for study is empirical evidence through netnography, and result of this study is through correlation and regression model. Findings confirm the factors contributing to consumer engagement and swarm intelligence in management of a brand at social media.

An Architecture for Cognitive Diversity

2011 ◽  
pp. 312-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Push Singh
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Cognitive Diversity ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Cognitive Architectures ◽  
Complex Problems ◽  
Ordinary Person ◽  
Build Systems ◽  
Single Technique

To build systems as resourceful and adaptive as people, we must develop cognitive architectures that support great procedural and representational diversity. No single technique is by itself powerful enough to deal with the broad range of domains every ordinary person can understand—even as children, we can effortlessly think about complex problems involving temporal, spatial, physical, bodily, psychological, and social dimensions. In this chapter, we describe a multiagent cognitive architecture that aims for such flexibility. Rather than seeking a best way to organize agents, our architecture supports multiple “ways to think,” each a different architectural configuration of agents. Each agent may use a different way to represent and reason with knowledge, and there are special “panalogy” mechanisms that link agents that represent similar ideas in different ways. At the highest level, the architecture is arranged as a matrix of agents: Vertically, the architecture divides into a tower of reflection, including the reactive, deliberative, reflective, self-reflective, and self-conscious levels; horizontally, the architecture divides along “mental realms,” including the temporal, spatial, physical, bodily, social, and psychological realms. Our goal is to build an artificial intelligence (AI) system resourceful enough to combine the advantages of many different ways to think about things, by making use of many types of mechanisms for reasoning, representation, and reflection.

A New Dawn

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Human Society ◽  
The Future

People have varying (and often conflicting) beliefs, expectations, and fears of science and technology. While emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) may be no different, it has captured the imagination of people of all walks of life globally and is already trickling into our lives daily. When considering the future, the role of AI often polarises views of “a utopian versus dystopian future” throwing up a number of interesting questions about ethics, morality, religion, social values, regulation, and perhaps controversially, what it means to be human. Moreover, AI seems to be creating expectations that perhaps cannot be fulfilled in the present day but may (potentially) affect our future in ways that we still cannot comprehend. A new dawn of innovation is upon us, perhaps a revolution or an evolution of human society. This chapter presents this new dawn.

scholarly journals Research on the Transition from Ginancial Accounting to Management Accounting in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 257 ◽  
pp. 02033
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Shen
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Financial Accounting ◽  
The Core ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Efficient Information ◽  
Core Role ◽  
Big Data Technology

In the era of artificial intelligence, relying on the continuous and rapid development of big data technology can not only effectively promote the transformation of financial accounting to management accounting, but also can better play the core role of management accounting and further promote corporate strategic goals. achieve. Therefore, it is necessary for us to effectively adopt efficient information technology methods to actively and effectively promote the transformation of financial accounting to management accounting. This is conducive to better exerting the core efficiency of management accounting and further guiding the development and practice of enterprises.

scholarly journals Investigating the Role of Executive Resources across Aesthetic and Non-Aesthetic Judgments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ionela Bara ◽  
Richard J Binney ◽  
Richard Ramsey
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Medium Type ◽  
Aesthetic Judgments

Aesthetic judgments dominate much of daily life by guiding how we evaluate objects, people, and experiences in our environment. One key question that remains unanswered is the extent to which more specialised or largely general cognitive resources support aesthetic judgments. To investigate this question in the context of executive resources, we examined the extent to which a central working memory load produces similar or different reaction time interference on aesthetic compared to non-aesthetic judgments. Across three pre-registered experiments that used Bayesian multi-level modelling approaches (N>100 per experiment), we found clear evidence that a central working memory load produces similar reaction time interference on aesthetic judgments relative to non-aesthetic (motion) judgments. We also showed that this similarity in processing across aesthetic versus non-aesthetic judgments holds across variations in the form of art (people vs landscape; Exps. 1-3), medium type (artwork vs photographs; Exp. 2) and load content (art images vs letters; Exps. 1-3). These findings suggest that across a range of experimental contexts, as well as different processing streams in working memory (e.g., visual vs verbal), aesthetic and motion judgments commonly rely on a domain-general executive system, rather than a system that is more specifically tied to aesthetic judgments. In doing so, these findings shine new light on the cognitive architecture that supports aesthetic judgments, as well as how domain-general executive systems operate more generally in cognition.

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