Recent Progress in Immunotherapy for Malignant Glioma: Treatment Strategies and Results from Clinical Trials

2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moneeb Ehtesham ◽  
Keith L. Black ◽  
John S. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Treatment Strategies

scholarly journals Integrated Medicine for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (17) ◽  
pp. 9257
Author(s):  
Chih-Hung Tsai ◽  
Yuan-Ho Lin ◽  
Yung-Sheng Li ◽  
Trung-Loc Ho ◽  
Le Huynh Hoai Thuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Integrated Medicine ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of typical chemotherapeutics among cancer survivors. Despite the recent progress, the effective prevention and treatment strategies for CIPN remain limited. Better understanding of the pathogenesis of CIPN may provide new niches for developing a new ideal therapeutic strategy. This review summarizes the current understanding of CIPN and current recommendations along with completed/active clinical trials and aims to foster translational research to improve the development of effective strategies for managing CIPN.

scholarly journals Neuroprotection in Stroke: Past, Present, and Future

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arshad Majid
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Novel Therapies ◽  
Neuroprotective Agents ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Serious Injury ◽  
The Brain

Stroke is a devastating medical condition, killing millions of people each year and causing serious injury to many more. Despite advances in treatment, there is still little that can be done to prevent stroke-related brain damage. The concept of neuroprotection is a source of considerable interest in the search for novel therapies that have the potential to preserve brain tissue and improve overall outcome. Key points of intervention have been identified in many of the processes that are the source of damage to the brain after stroke, and numerous treatment strategies designed to exploit them have been developed. In this review, potential targets of neuroprotection in stroke are discussed, as well as the various treatments that have been targeted against them. In addition, a summary of recent progress in clinical trials of neuroprotective agents in stroke is provided.

Management of malignant glioma: steady progress with multimodal approaches

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. E3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn S. Ashby ◽  
Timothy C. Ryken
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Malignant Glioma ◽  
Multimodal Treatment ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Malignant Gliomas ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Combination Therapies ◽  
New Agents

✓Despite recent successes in the treatment of cancer with multidisciplinary multimodal treatment approaches, the duration of survival for patients with malignant glioma remains limited. Malignant gliomas represent a class of infiltrative, aggressive neoplasms that are generally resistant to combination therapies. The basic approach to treatment has involved a combination of surgery and radiotherapy. The use of chemotherapy has been met with skepticism because of its limited efficacy and the significant side effects demonstrated in clinical trials. Nevertheless, based on findings in randomized trials of new agents, it has been suggested that further evaluation of the role of chemotherapy is warranted. Temozolomide and Gliadel (carmustine wafers) are generally well tolerated due to their limited systemic toxicity. These agents appear particularly well suited for incorporation into multimodal treatment strategies. Proposed investigations and ongoing clinical trials will be conducted to assess the use of these agents in novel combination therapies. Future treatment strategies may include a wide variety of biological response modifiers, but will need to continue to address local control with surgery, radiation, and adjuvant chemotherapy.

scholarly journals Targeting Cytokines as Evolving Treatment Strategies in Chronic Inflammatory Airway Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaleesa Garth ◽  
Jarrod Barnes ◽  
Stefanie Krick
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Bronchial Epithelium ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airway Diseases ◽  
Novel Treatment Strategies

Cytokines are key players in the initiation and propagation of inflammation in chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis and allergic asthma. This makes them attractive targets for specific novel anti-inflammatory treatment strategies. Recently, both interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 have been associated with negative health outcomes, mortality and a pro-inflammatory phenotype in COPD. IL-6 in COPD was shown to correlate negatively with lung function, and IL-1beta was induced by cigarette smoke in the bronchial epithelium, causing airway inflammation. Furthermore, IL-8 has been shown to be a pro-inflammatory marker in bronchiectasis, COPD and allergic asthma. Clinical trials using specific cytokine blockade therapies are currently emerging and have contributed to reduce exacerbations and steroid use in COPD. Here, we present a review of the current understanding of the roles of cytokines in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory airway diseases. Furthermore, outcomes of clinical trials in cytokine blockade as novel treatment strategies for selected patient populations with those diseases will be discussed.

scholarly journals Network Meta-Analysis of Different Clinical Commonly Used Drugs for the Treatment of Hypertrophic Scar and Keloid

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Yang ◽  
Yujia J. Luo ◽  
Cong Luo
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Topical Treatment ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Silicone Gels

Background: There is no uniform treatment for pathological scars, including keloids and hypertrophic scars, in clinic currently. Previously, multiple randomized controlled trials have examined the clinical efficacy of different treatments. Nonetheless, the results are inconsistent, and many treatments have not been directly compared. This makes it difficult to conclude which approach is more favorable, in terms of efficacy and safety, for the treatment of pathological scarring. This study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of different injection and topical treatment strategies for hypertrophic scar and keloid.Methods: Relevant literature from PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCRCT), and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (WHO-ICTRP) were searched, from database inception through November 2020. Randomized clinical trials evaluating different treatment strategies of pathological scars, including triamcinolone acetonide (TAC), verapamil (VER), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), botulinum toxin A (BTA), bleomycin (BLM), and silicone gels were included in the study.Results: The network meta-analysis included a total of 2,009 patients from 29 studies. A network meta-analysis of injection and topical treatment strategies showed that the efficacy of TAC combined with BTA was best in the treatment of pathological scars. Combination therapies of TAC with 5-FU and TAC with BTA significantly improved the clinical efficiency. However, there was no statistically significant difference between other treatment strategies. The order of efficacy predicted by the surface under the cumulative ranking (SUCRA) curve was as follows: TAC+BTA (82.2%) > TAC+5-FU (69.8%) > BTA (67.3%) > 5-FU+silicone (59.4%) > TAC+silicone (58.3%) > 5-FU (49.8%) > BLM (42.0%) > TAC (26.7%) > VER (26.2%) > silicone (18.3%). There was no publication bias revealed based on the funnel diagram.Conclusion: This study recommends intralesional injection of TAC-BTA and TAC-5-FU combined therapies. But for patients who cannot tolerate the side effects, the use of silicone gels in combination with TAC is recommended. However, these conclusions need to be further confirmed by more randomized controlled trials.

scholarly journals KRAS-Mutant Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Recent Progress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
chun shu ◽  
Yuling Liu ◽  
chunlu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Kras Mutation ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Treatment Model ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Mutant Population

The KRAS mutant population has been undruggable for 40 years. G12C inhibitors and immunotherapy are the beginning of success. It is necessary to summarize the successful experience of the existing treatment model and explore the direction of the next treatment. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in targeted therapy and immunotherapy for KRAS-mutation NSCLC, aiming to provide direction or enlightenment for future treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Underestimated Value of Sarcopenia in Gastric Cancer Surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Martynas Lukšta ◽  
Raminta Lukšaitė-Lukštė ◽  
Augustinas Baušys ◽  
Kęstutis Strupas
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Gastric Cancer Treatment

Surgery remains the only potentially curative option for gastric cancer, although it is related to high postoperative morbidity and mortality rate. Approximately every second gastric cancer patient is diagnosed with sarcopenia, which is a significant risk factor for postoperative complications and poor long-term outcomes. However, sarcopenia is underestimated in routine clinical practice, since it remains the interest of clinical trials. Sarcopenia diagnostic criteria are not fully standardized, but it consists of tests for muscle strength, quantity and quality. They include grip strength, chair stand test, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, bioelectrical impedance analysis and densitometry tests. Regarding the growing evidence for sarcopenia impact on surgical gastric cancer treatment results, it is a high probability that sarcopenia assessment will come to routine clinical practice. Although, until then there is a need for further clinical trials to standardize the diagnostic and to find effective treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Mitochondria-Targeted Self-Assembly of Peptide-Based Nanomaterials

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Luo ◽  
Yujuan Gao ◽  
Zhongyu Duan ◽  
Yu Yi ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Assembly Systems ◽  
Targeted Cancer Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Stimuli Response

Mitochondria are well known to serve as the powerhouse for cells and also the initiator for some vital signaling pathways. A variety of diseases are discovered to be associated with the abnormalities of mitochondria, including cancers. Thus, targeting mitochondria and their metabolisms are recognized to be promising for cancer therapy. In recent years, great efforts have been devoted to developing mitochondria-targeted pharmaceuticals, including small molecular drugs, peptides, proteins, and genes, with several molecular drugs and peptides enrolled in clinical trials. Along with the advances of nanotechnology, self-assembled peptide-nanomaterials that integrate the biomarker-targeting, stimuli-response, self-assembly, and therapeutic effect, have been attracted increasing interest in the fields of biotechnology and nanomedicine. Particularly, in situ mitochondria-targeted self-assembling peptides that can assemble on the surface or inside mitochondria have opened another dimension for the mitochondria-targeted cancer therapy. Here, we highlight the recent progress of mitochondria-targeted peptide-nanomaterials, especially those in situ self-assembly systems in mitochondria, and their applications in cancer treatments.

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