Mutual interference and its effects on searching efficiency between predator–prey interaction with bifurcation analysis and chaos control

2021 ◽  
pp. 107754632110564
Author(s):  
Waqas Ishaque ◽  
Qamar Din ◽  
Muhammad Taj
Keyword(s):  
Chaos Control ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Mutual Interference ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Center Manifold Theorem ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Existence And Stability ◽  
Prey Interaction

In this paper, we study the dynamic of the predator–prey model based on mutual interference and its effects on searching efficiency. The parametric conditions, existence, and stability for trivial and boundary equilibrium points are studied. Also, it has shown that by applying the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory, system undergoes Neimark–Sacker bifurcation across the neighborhood of a positive fixed point. Moreover, due to the bifurcation and chaos which objectively exist in a system, three chaos control strategies are designed and used. Moreover, to validate our theoretical and analytical discussions, numerical simulations are applied to show complex and chaotic behavior. Finally, theoretical discussions are validated with experimental field data.

scholarly journals A class of discrete predator–prey interaction with bifurcation analysis and chaos control

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Qamar Din ◽  
Nafeesa Saleem ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad Shabbir
Keyword(s):  
Chaos Control ◽  
Positive Equilibrium ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Center Manifold Theorem ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Boundary Equilibrium ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Positive Equilibrium Point

The interaction between prey and predator is well-known within natural ecosystems. Due to their multifariousness and strong link population dynamics, predators contain distinct features of ecological communities. Keeping in view the Nicholson-Bailey framework for host-parasitoid interaction, a discrete-time predator–prey system is formulated and studied with implementation of type-II functional response and logistic prey growth in form of the Beverton-Holt map. Persistence of solutions and existence of equilibria are discussed. Moreover, stability analysis of equilibria is carried out for predator–prey model. With implementation of bifurcation theory of normal forms and center manifold theorem, it is proved that system undergoes transcritical bifurcation around its boundary equilibrium. On the other hand, if growth rate of consumers is taken as bifurcation parameter, then system undergoes Neimark-Sacker bifurcation around its positive equilibrium point. Methods of chaos control are introduced to avoid the populations from unpredictable behavior. Numerical simulation is provided to strengthen our theoretical discussion.

scholarly journals Discrete-Time Predator-Prey Interaction with Selective Harvesting and Predator Self-Limitation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zhihua Chen ◽  
Qamar Din ◽  
Muhammad Rafaqat ◽  
Umer Saeed ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Ajaz
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Time ◽  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
State Feedback Control ◽  
Time Model ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Selective Harvesting ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Prey System ◽  
Prey Interaction

Selective harvesting plays an important role on the dynamics of predator-prey interaction. On the other hand, the effect of predator self-limitation contributes remarkably to the stabilization of exploitative interactions. Keeping in view the selective harvesting and predator self-limitation, a discrete-time predator-prey model is discussed. Existence of fixed points and their local dynamics is explored for the proposed discrete-time model. Explicit principles of Neimark–Sacker bifurcation and period-doubling bifurcation are used for discussion related to bifurcation analysis in the discrete-time predator-prey system. The control of chaotic behavior is discussed with the help of methods related to state feedback control and parameter perturbation. At the end, some numerical examples are presented for verification and illustration of theoretical findings.

Time-delayed predator–prey interaction with the benefit of antipredation response in presence of refuge

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeshna Mondal ◽  
Guruprasad Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Prey Population ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Terrestrial Vertebrates ◽  
Interior Equilibrium ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Refuge Area ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Transcritical Bifurcations

AbstractA field experiment on terrestrial vertebrates observes that direct predation on predator–prey interaction can not only affect the population dynamics but the indirect effect of predator’s fear (felt by prey) through chemical and/or vocal cues may also reduce the reproduction of prey and change their life history. In this work, we have described a predator–prey model with Holling type II functional response incorporating prey refuge. Irrespective of being considering either a constant number of prey being refuged or a proportion of the prey population being refuged, a different growth rate and different carrying capacity for the prey population in the refuge area are considered. The total prey population is divided into two subclasses: (i) prey x in the refuge area and (ii) prey y in the predatory area. We have taken the migration of the prey population from refuge area to predatory area. Also, we have considered a benefit from the antipredation response of the prey population y in presence of cost of fear. Feasible equilibrium points of the proposed system are derived, and the dynamical behavior of the system around equilibria is investigated. Birth rate of prey in predatory region has been regarded as bifurcation parameter to examine the occurrence of Hopf bifurcation in the neighborhood of the interior equilibrium point. Moreover, the conditions for occurrence of transcritical bifurcations have been determined. Further, we have incorporated discrete-type gestational delay on the system to make it more realistic. The dynamical behavior of the delayed system is analyzed. Finally, some numerical simulations are given to verify the analytical results.

scholarly journals Analysis of The Rosenzweig-MacArthur Predator-Prey Model with Anti-Predator Behavior

CAUCHY ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-269
Author(s):  
Ismail Djakaria ◽  
Muhammad Bachtiar Gaib ◽  
Resmawan Resmawan
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Prey Model ◽  
Existence And Stability ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Population Equilibrium ◽  
Predator Behavior

This paper discusses the analysis of the Rosenzweig-MacArthur predator-prey model with anti-predator behavior. The analysis is started by determining the equilibrium points, existence, and conditions of the stability. Identifying the type of Hopf bifurcation by using the divergence criterion. It has shown that the model has three equilibrium points, i.e., the extinction of population equilibrium point (E0), the non-predatory equilibrium point (E1), and the co-existence equilibrium point (E2). The existence and stability of each equilibrium point can be shown by satisfying several conditions of parameters. The divergence criterion indicates the existence of the supercritical Hopf-bifurcation around the equilibrium point E2. Finally, our model's dynamics population is confirmed by our numerical simulations by using the 4th-order Runge-Kutta methods.

scholarly journals Discretization, Bifurcation and Control for a Class of Predator–Prey Interactions

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Asifa Tassaddiq ◽  
Muhammad Sajjad Shabbir ◽  
Qamar Din ◽  
Humera Naaz
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Behavior ◽  
Period Doubling ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Phase Portraits ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Center Manifold Theorem ◽  
Interior Equilibrium ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Piecewise Constant Argument ◽  
Feedback Control Strategy

The present study focuses on the dynamical aspects of a discrete-time Leslie–Gower predator–prey model accompanied by a Holling type III functional response. Discretization is conducted by applying a piecewise constant argument method of differential equations. Moreover, boundedness, existence, uniqueness, and a local stability analysis of biologically feasible equilibria were investigated. By implementing the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory, our study reveals that the given system undergoes period-doubling and Neimark–Sacker bifurcation around the interior equilibrium point. By contrast, chaotic attractors ensure chaos. To avoid these unpredictable situations, we establish a feedback-control strategy to control the chaos created under the influence of bifurcation. The fractal dimensions of the proposed model are calculated. The maximum Lyapunov exponents and phase portraits are depicted to further confirm the complexity and chaotic behavior. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to confirm the theoretical and analytical findings.

scholarly journals The influence of an infectious disease on a prey-predator model equipped with a fractional-order derivative

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salih Djilali ◽  
Behzad Ghanbari
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Graphical Representation ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Hunting Behavior ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
The Stability

AbstractIn this research, we discuss the influence of an infectious disease in the evolution of ecological species. A computational predator-prey model of fractional order is considered. Also, we assume that there is a non-fatal infectious disease developed in the prey population. Indeed, it is considered that the predators have a cooperative hunting. This situation occurs when a pair or group of animals coordinate their activities as part of their hunting behavior in order to improve their chances of making a kill and feeding. In this model, we then shift the role of standard derivatives to fractional-order derivatives to take advantage of the valuable benefits of this class of derivatives. Moreover, the stability of equilibrium points is studied. The influence of this infection measured by the transmission rate on the evolution of predator-prey interaction is determined. Many scenarios are obtained, which implies the richness of the suggested model and the importance of this study. The graphical representation of the mathematical results is provided through a precise numerical scheme. This technique enables us to approximate other related models including fractional-derivative operators with high accuracy and efficiency.

scholarly journals A Fractional-Order Predator-Prey Model with Ratio-Dependent Functional Response and Linear Harvesting

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Suryanto ◽  
Isnani Darti ◽  
Hasan S. Panigoro ◽  
Adem Kilicman
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Ratio Dependent ◽  
Predictor Corrector

We consider a model of predator-prey interaction at fractional-order where the predation obeys the ratio-dependent functional response and the prey is linearly harvested. For the proposed model, we show the existence, uniqueness, non-negativity as well as the boundedness of the solutions. Conditions for the existence of all possible equilibrium points and their stability criteria, both locally and globally, are also investigated. The local stability conditions are derived using the Magtinon's theorem, while the global stability is proven by formulating an appropriate Lyapunov function. The occurance of Hopf bifurcation around the interior point is also shown analytically. At the end, we implement the Predictor-Corrector scheme to perform some numerical simulations.

Bifurcation analysis and control of a delayed stage-structured predator–prey model with ratio-dependent Holling type III functional response

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (13-14) ◽  
pp. 1232-1245
Author(s):  
Miao Peng ◽  
Zhengdi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Functional Response ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Center Manifold Theorem ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Prey Model ◽  
Ratio Dependent

A delayed stage-structured predator–prey model with ratio-dependent Holling type III functional response is proposed and explored in this study. We discuss the positivity and the existence of equilibrium points. By choosing time delay as the bifurcation parameter and analyzing the relevant characteristic equations, the local stability of the trivial equilibrium, the predator-extinction equilibrium, and the coexistence equilibrium of the system is investigated. In accordance with the normal form method and center manifold theorem, the property analysis of Hopf bifurcation of the system is obtained. Furthermore, for the purpose of protecting the stability of such a biological system, a hybrid control method is presented to control the Hopf bifurcation. Finally, numerical examples are given to verify the theoretical findings.

scholarly journals A Fractional-Order Predator–Prey Model with Ratio-Dependent Functional Response and Linear Harvesting

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Suryanto ◽  
Isnani Darti ◽  
Hasan S. Panigoro ◽  
Adem Kilicman
Keyword(s):  
Functional Response ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Prey Interaction ◽  
Ratio Dependent ◽  
Predictor Corrector

We consider a model of predator–prey interaction at fractional-order where the predation obeys the ratio-dependent functional response and the prey is linearly harvested. For the proposed model, we show the existence, uniqueness, non-negativity and boundedness of the solutions. Conditions for the existence of all possible equilibrium points and their stability criteria, both locally and globally, are also investigated. The local stability conditions are derived using the Magtinon’s theorem, while the global stability is proven by formulating an appropriate Lyapunov function. The occurrence of Hopf bifurcation around the interior point is also shown analytically. At the end, we implemented the Predictor–Corrector scheme to perform some numerical simulations.

scholarly journals Dynamics of an Eco-Epidemic Predator–Prey Model Involving Fractional Derivatives with Power-Law and Mittag–Leffler Kernel

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Hasan S. Panigoro ◽  
Agus Suryanto ◽  
Wuryansari Muharini Kusumawinahyu ◽  
Isnani Darti
Keyword(s):  
Hopf Bifurcation ◽  
Fractional Derivative ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Essential Difference ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Predator Prey Model ◽  
Prey Model ◽  
Infected Prey

In this paper, we consider a fractional-order eco-epidemic model based on the Rosenzweig–MacArthur predator–prey model. The model is derived by assuming that the prey may be infected by a disease. In order to take the memory effect into account, we apply two fractional differential operators, namely the Caputo fractional derivative (operator with power-law kernel) and the Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative in the Caputo (ABC) sense (operator with Mittag–Leffler kernel). We take the same order of the fractional derivative in all equations for both senses to maintain the symmetry aspect. The existence and uniqueness of solutions of both eco-epidemic models (i.e., in the Caputo sense and in ABC sense) are established. Both models have the same equilibrium points, namely the trivial (origin) equilibrium point, the extinction of infected prey and predator point, the infected prey free point, the predator-free point and the co-existence point. For a model in the Caputo sense, we also show the non-negativity and boundedness of solution, perform the local and global stability analysis and establish the conditions for the existence of Hopf bifurcation. It is found that the trivial equilibrium point is a saddle point while other equilibrium points are conditionally asymptotically stable. The numerical simulations show that the solutions of the model in the Caputo sense strongly agree with analytical results. Furthermore, it is indicated numerically that the model in the ABC sense has quite similar dynamics as the model in the Caputo sense. The essential difference between the two models is the convergence rate to reach the stable equilibrium point. When a Hopf bifurcation occurs, the bifurcation points and the diameter of the limit cycles of both models are different. Moreover, we also observe a bistability phenomenon which disappears via Hopf bifurcation.

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