Effects of Exposure to COVID-19 News and Information: A Meta-Analysis of Media Use and Uncertainty-Related Responses During the Pandemic

2022 ◽  
pp. 107769902110688
Author(s):  
Tsz Hang Chu ◽  
Tien Ee Dominic Yeo ◽  
Youzhen Su
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Healthcare Profession ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect

This meta-analysis integrates 47 empirical studies, comprising 89,826 participants from 21 countries, to examine the cumulative effects and potential moderators of exposure to COVID-19 news and information on attendant emotions, appraisals, and behaviors. Overall media exposure indicated only small positive effect sizes on adverse psychological reactions, though it was moderately and positively associated with disease concern and preventive measures. Social media exposure was associated with all these responses, but traditional news media exposure was only associated with disease concern. The associations between overall media exposure and adverse psychological reactions were moderated by COVID-19 experience, healthcare profession, and country type.

A Meta-Analysis on Computer Technology Intervention Effects on Mathematics Achievement for Low-Performing Students in K-12 Classrooms

2020 ◽  
pp. 073563312095206
Author(s):  
Hua Ran ◽  
Murat Kasli ◽  
Walter G. Secada
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Design ◽  
Mathematics Achievement ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Technology Intervention ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Positive Effect

This meta-analysis extended the current literature regarding the effects of computer technology (CT) on mathematics achievement, with a particular focus on low-performing students. A total of 45 independent effect sizes extracted from 31 empirical studies based on a total of 2,044 low-performing students in K-12 classrooms were included in this meta-analysis. Consistent with previous reviews, this study suggested a statistically significant and positive effect of CT ([Formula: see text] = 0.56) on low-performing students’ mathematics achievement. Of four CT types, the largest CT effect was found with problem-solving system ([Formula: see text] = 0.86), followed by tutoring [Formula: see text] = 0.80), game-based intervention ([Formula: see text] = .58), and computerized practice ([Formula: see text] = .23). Furthermore, other moderators were found to explain variation in CT effects on low-performing students’ mathematics achievement. Study findings contributed to clarifying the effect of CT for low-performing students’ mathematics achievement. Implications for instructional design and practices are also discussed.

Lessons from Thailand: universal healthcare achievements and challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-401
Author(s):  
Ravikan Nonkhuntod ◽  
Suchuan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Utilization ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Universal Healthcare ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the successes of Thailand’s healthcare system along with challenges it is facing, examining documents and policies used by those charged with developing and implementing health services. Design/methodology/approach The search pool comprised PubMed and Google Scholar from the period 2001-2015. Selection criterion for inclusion was sources dealing with out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditure and healthcare utilization in Thailand. In total, 33 studies met the criterion of containing sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. Findings The authors found a small positive effect size on OOP expenditure and healthcare utilization, obtaining values of 0.1604 (95% CI 0.1320-0.1888, p<0.0001) and 0.2788 (95% CI 0.0917-0.4659, p=0.0035), respectively. Originality/value To review and meta-analyze the literature dealing with the outcomes of Thailand’s healthcare system to understand whether Thailand’s healthcare system is achieving its mandate or not. The results of this paper can help policy makers to understand and evaluate Thailand’s healthcare system.

scholarly journals Impact of Electronic Monitoring on Employees: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Siegel ◽  
Cornelius J. König ◽  
Veronika Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Electronic Monitoring ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect

Electronic monitoring is more and more widespread and affects many employees around the globe. The current meta analysis collected data of 59 independent samples (with 223 effect sizes) to estimate the effect of electronic monitoring on job satisfaction, stress, and performance. A random-effects model indicated a small negative effect of monitoring on job satisfaction, r=-.09, and a small positive effect on stress, r=.12. There was no relationship with performance, r=-.01. Even if the effects of monitoring on job satisfaction and stress are small, taking the large number of employees who are monitored for several hours a day into account, these effects may have a severe and negative impact on employees’ well-being. Performance maintenance is the main justification for the use of electronic monitoring, but the non-existing relationship of monitoring with performance questions the validity of this justification.

Organizational Antecedents of Nonprofit Engagement in Policy Advocacy: A Meta-Analytical Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 177S-203S ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahuan Lu
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Organizational Size ◽  
Policy Advocacy ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Organizational Antecedents ◽  
Private Donations ◽  
Nonprofit Advocacy

Policy advocacy by nonprofits has attracted substantial scholarly interest in recent years. Although considerable empirical studies have examined factors influencing nonprofit participation in policy advocacy, the existing evidence remains inconsistent as to what factors influence nonprofits to engage in policy advocacy and to what extent. The present study conducts a meta-analysis to quantitatively synthesize existing studies on the organizational antecedents of nonprofit advocacy engagement. Through systematically reviewing 46 studies and aggregating 559 effect sizes on 17 organizational predictors, the study finds organizational size, professionalization, board support, constituent involvement, knowledge about laws, government funding, private donations, foundation funding, collaboration, and negative policy environment have positive and significant relationships with a nonprofit’s level of advocacy engagement. The study contributes a clear knowledge base to guide future nonprofit advocacy research and practice.

scholarly journals Effects of Yoga Interventions on Fatigue: A Meta-Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Boehm ◽  
Thomas Ostermann ◽  
Stefania Milazzo ◽  
Arndt Büssing
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Jadad Score ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Moderate Effect ◽  
Cancer Multiple ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Small Positive Effect

Background. Researchers aimed at systematically reviewing and meta-analyzing the effectiveness of yoga interventions for fatigue.Methods. PubMed/Medline was searched until January 2012 for controlled clinical studies. Two reviewers independently extracted the data. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed. A meta-analysis was performed.Results. Nineteen clinical studies (total ) were included in this review. Investigated yoga styles included Hatha, Iyengar, Asanas, Patanjali, Sahaja, and Tibetan yoga. Participants were suffering from cancer, multiple sclerosis, dialysis, chronic pancreatitis, fibromyalgia, asthma, or were healthy. Yoga had a small positive effect on fatigue (SMD = 0.27, 59% CI = 0.23–0.31). Seven studies received 4 points on the Jadad score. There were baseline differences in at least 5 studies.Conclusion. Overall, the effects of yoga interventions on fatigue were only small, particularly in cancer patients. Although yoga is generally a safe therapeutic intervention and effective to attenuate other health-related symptoms, this meta-analysis was not able to define the powerful effect of yoga on patients suffering from fatigue. Treatment effects of yoga could be improved in well-designed future studies. According to the GRADE recommendations assessing the overall quality of evidence, there is a moderate effect of the confidence placed in the estimates of the effects discussed here.

scholarly journals The effect of mobile and information technologies on the language development design of preschool children: a meta-analysis and meta-synthesis study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 498-523
Author(s):  
Duygu Mavi ◽  
Filiz Erbay
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Supported Education ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to reveal the effect of mobile and information technologies (IT) supported education on the language development design of children, in different cultures in the preschool period, using the methods of meta-analysis and meta-synthesis. Fifteen (15) studies were examined in the meta-synthesis and 22 reviews in the meta-analysis. The studies reviewed in the meta-synthesis were subjected to content analysis, and codes were grouped under six themes. Taking into account the effect sizes reported in the experimental studies in the meta- analysis, the total effect size was calculated by using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. The analysis revealed that mobile and IT supported education had a high positive effect on the language development of preschool children in different cultures.

scholarly journals The Role of Public Defenders Within the American Justice System

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna Fisher ◽  
Patti Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Work Ethic ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
Public Defenders ◽  
Weighted Means ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
American Cities ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper examines the inner workings of the legal system in connection with public defenders and their duties. The factors of total caseload, plea deals, waivers, and bench verdicts were implemented to create a comprehensive means of measuring work ethic, due to their significant presence in the everyday workings of public defenders. Through a meta-analysis of the five most densely populated African American cities within the state of Michigan, the combined and individual weighted mean effect sizes were calculated to determine if there was a strong positive or negative effect of the four factors mentioned above on work ethic. Additionally, both the upper and lower credibility levels were calculated to analyze their proximity to the weighted means. For all four factors tested, the weighted mean effect sizes relate a positive effect of the factors on work ethic, with all means falling closer to their upper credibility levels. These results confirm that the factors of total caseload, plea deals, waivers, and bench verdicts affect how cases are being handled and how clients are being treated.

Choice of the Metric for Effect Size in Meta-analysis

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry McGaw ◽  
Gene V Glass
Keyword(s):  
Error Term ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Factorial Designs ◽  
Gain Scores ◽  
Standardized Mean Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Express Group

Meta-analysis, as a procedure for integrating the results of empirical studies, depends on the quantification of the results of individual investigations. The standardized mean difference in performance between treatment and control conditions has been conventionally used for this purpose. There are difficulties with this technique when group standard deviations are not homogeneous, when a control condition is not included in a particular study, or when no control condition exists. There are also difficulties in expressing effect sizes on a common metric when some studies use transformed scales, such as gain scores, to express group differences, or use factorial designs or covariance adjustments to obtain a reduced error term. This paper discusses these problems, proposes a common metric on which effect sizes may be standardized, and describes procedures for computing appropriate effect sizes for all such cases.

Taking Stock: A Meta-Analysis of Work Engagement in the Hospitality and Tourism Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 109634802110669
Author(s):  
Pattamol Kanjanakan ◽  
Dan Zhu ◽  
Tin Doan ◽  
Peter B. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Hospitality And Tourism ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Current Stage

Although a number of empirical studies on work engagement have been conducted in the context of hospitality and tourism, few efforts have been made to consolidate previous findings in this area. Hence, this article explores the current stage of work engagement studies and meta-analyses the relations of work engagement with its antecedents and outcomes in the hospitality and tourism context. Through a systematic review, 134 empirical studies (N = 43,043) published from 2008 to September 2020 were identified. Given that the findings include the trends within work engagement studies and the effect sizes and variabilities of associated relationships, this study contributes to the hospitality and tourism literature by providing a useful reference for future researchers. The findings are discussed in light of their theoretical and practical implications.

Searching the schizophrenic brain for temporal lobe deficits: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. ZAKZANIS ◽  
P. POULIN ◽  
K. T. HANSEN ◽  
D. JOLIC
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Functional Imaging ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Temporal System ◽  
Temporal Function

Background. Several empirical studies have found temporal lobe impairments in many patients with schizophrenia. The strength and consistency of this evidence, however, has not been evaluated and synthesized quantitatively. Hence, we ask to what extent are temporal cortices really defective in schizophrenia?Methods. Meta-analytical methods were used to determine the magnitude of evidence in support of structural and physiological temporal–hippocampal system deficits in schizophrenia. We report effect sizes from studies since 1980 that used structural (CT, MRI) and functional (SPECT, PET) neuroimaging methods.Results. Both structural and functional imaging literatures are distinguished by heterogeneity whereby most patients show normative temporal function and structure, a minority shows diminished values and some patients demonstrate augmented function and structure rather than a deficit.Conclusions. The findings are hard to incorporate within single disease models that propose major involvement of the temporal system in schizophrenia, at least at the degree of resolution obtained with current imaging technology.

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