Urban Redevelopment with Justice Implications: The Role of Social Justice and Social Capital in Residential Relocation Decisions

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 288-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kim ◽  
David W. Marcouiller ◽  
Yeol Choi
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Spatial Attributes ◽  
Social Justice Theory ◽  
Project Lead

Using recent residential redevelopment projects in South Korea, relocation decisions were investigated with respect to social justice, social capital, and various urban spatial attributes at individual, neighborhood, and community levels. Drawing on previous social justice theory, a spatial multilevel analysis using both primary and secondary data was employed to measure community attributes that reflected social justice, social capital, social services, environmental, and economic characteristics. Results suggest that relationships with neighbors in the redevelopment project lead to a lower likelihood of relocation. These empirical findings are intended to inform policy makers interested in the perspectives of residents who are potentially displaced by public and private redevelopment efforts.

scholarly journals Teacher Standards and Professionalism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Pauline Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Secondary School Teachers ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Collective Responsibility ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Teacher Professionalism ◽  
Policy Makers

<p>The focus of this research is teacher professionalism in New Zealand and the possible role of the ‘Standards for the Teaching Profession’ that were released in 2017, in strengthening the quality of teaching. Evidence suggests that the quality of teachers’ work is an important factor in students’ success. So, a challenge for education policy-makers is to create a system that encourages and enables teachers to be high quality and motivated to keep improving. The literature suggests a strategy to enable this is to encourage a mature profession, where teachers take collective responsibility for improvement. Standards for teachers can be a positive influence on improving teacher practice when their use is balanced between regulatory and development functions, so that they are a catalyst for professional development. This research involved 45 teachers in English Medium settings participating in sector specific focus groups for early childhood, primary school and secondary school teachers, a review of policy documents and secondary data from Education Council workshops. The analysis suggests that aspects of organisational professionalism influence the environment, although most teachers did not consciously align themselves to this discourse. There appeared to be some differences between sectors, with those in early childhood aligning more closely to their organisation than other teachers and feeling like they were not accepted as a legitimate part of the teaching profession. Although teachers were generally positive about the new standards, few teachers considered using them for reflection or professional conversations outside of formal appraisal. The aspiration presented in literature of a mature profession that works collaboratively with a mix of stakeholders to combine expertise, ask tough questions to create solutions and grows professional knowledge was not apparent, however teachers identified opportunities to shift the profession towards this discourse.</p>

Social capital and livelihood strategies in response after 2013 Kedarnath disaster (India)

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakshi Naithani ◽  
Ashis Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Disaster Response ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Livelihood Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Detection Analysis ◽  
Post Disaster

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the role of livelihood assets, strategies and local social networks in disaster response and recovery in post-disaster setting of 2013 Kedarnath disaster (India).Design/methodology/approachIt identifies post disaster macro-spaces of Mandakini river valley (India) using change detection analysis and secondary data. Within these macro-spaces, the micro spaces of livelihood and social capital were assessed by selecting two villages for case study.FindingsMost important issues faced by communities were loss of lives, livelihoods and access to relief aid. A shift in economic base of families suffering loss of livelihoods was observed as they switched from pilgrimage-based to skill-based opportunities. Geographical location and isolation play a crucial role in recovery trajectory of villages by influencing the social capital.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper being case study based deals two of the worst-affected villages; livelihood strategies adopted and social network may be influenced by the “victim” status of villages and may not be generalized for each disaster-affected area.Social implicationsBridging and bonding networks were significant in geographically isolated places, while “linkages” were beneficial in bringing new livelihood opportunities. Need to enhance the role of social capital by institutional intervention in form of capacity building was required.Originality/valueThe study suggests focus on human capital-based livelihood diversification programs taking geographical location and disaster context into account.

The roles of friends and neighbours in providing support for older people

2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW NOCON ◽  
MAGGIE PEARSON
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Social Services ◽  
White Paper ◽  
Frail Older People ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The People ◽  
Direct Support ◽  
Published Research

Most published research on informal care for older people focuses on the support provided by relatives. The role of non-kin carers can, however, also be significant in supporting older people in their own homes. In this paper, we report the findings from an exploratory study of the support provided by friends and neighbours who are the main carers of frail older people. It draws on interviews with an opportunistic sample of friends, neighbours and older people, which explored their views about the support arrangements, the reasons why help was provided and any difficulties experienced. Several friends and neighbours provided intensive and frequent help, and some played a key role in co-ordinating other services. One of the main forms of direct support related to older people's quality of life, at a broader level than the practical help provided by statutory services. The flexibility of such support, and the friends' and neighbours' concern for older people as individuals, were particularly important to the people they helped. Nevertheless, such help was not provided without costs to the carers. The study highlights the need for policy-makers and practitioners not to take help from friends and neighbours for granted and, in line with the White Paper Modernising Social Services, to provide the support services they need.

Part 1: Community Music Therapy and El Sistema: Addressing the Empowerment Needs of Individuals and Communities Facing Socioeconomic Marginalization

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Virginia Eulacio Cierniak
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Community Music ◽  
Program Structure ◽  
Education Practice ◽  
Music Program ◽  
El Sistema

Music is an accessible tool for positive change within people and societies, even in places facing socioeconomic marginalization due to poverty, discrimination, and lack of access to resources. Social capital has to do with the resources and networks available within society, which may help confront issues faced by individuals and communities. Community Music Therapy (CoMT) and the music education movement known as El Sistema both utilize music—understood as social capital—to address social justice. The purpose of this study was to comparatively examine the ways in which CoMT and El Sistema programs may address the empowerment needs of individuals and communities facing socioeconomic marginalization and suggest how these two approaches may be able to work synergistically to achieve their shared goals. Its findings reveal many parallels and divergence between El Sistema and CoMT in terms of the role of the music, program structure, social justice goals, outcomes, music education practice, areas of intersection, existing scholarly research, and criticisms each has received.

Community rebuilding processes in a disaster-damaged area through community currency

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Nakazato ◽  
Seunghoo Lim
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Currency ◽  
Community Rebuilding ◽  
Potential Tool

Purpose Community currency (CC) is used as a tool for reviving local communities by promoting economic growth and facilitating the formation of social capital. Although the Japanese CC movement has stagnated since mid-2005, a new experiment, Fukkou Ouen Chiiki Tsuka (CC for supporting disaster recovery), was introduced across disaster-damaged areas after the Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami of March 2011. Previous studies assessing the role of CC in these earthquake-damaged areas are rare; the purpose of this paper is to examine the micro processes of community rebuilding that underlie the transactional networks mediated by one of the experiments, Domo, in Kamaishi. Design/methodology/approach Using transactional records capturing residents’ CC activities during the five-month pilot period before actual implementation of Domo simultaneous investigation for empirical network analysis techniques identify the network configuration dynamics representing the multiple observed forms of social capital in this disaster-affected local community. Findings This study of the five-month pilot for the Domo system revealed: intensive dependence on the coordinating role of core members (i.e. the creation of weak ties), a lack of balanced support among members and the resulting uni-directional transactions (i.e. the avoidance of generalized exchanges), and the reinforcement of previous transactional ties via reciprocation or transitive triads (i.e. the formation of strong ties). Originality/value This study provides guidance for practitioners, researchers, and policy makers on how community residents’ engagement in CC activities could function as a potential tool for generating positive socio-economic effects for local communities in disaster areas.

scholarly journals Mitigating building collapse in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-458
Author(s):  
Williams Barnabas Qurix ◽  
Rahila Gugule Doshu
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Building Collapse ◽  
The Public ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Previous Decade ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Engineering Designs

The past ten years (2010- 2020), an overwhelming number of buildings (forty-eight) have collapsed in Nigerian urban cities, with about 77% rise from the previous decade. To address this menace, the study aimed at exploring major causes of building collapse in Nigeria as perceived by building industry professionals, policy makers and the public; with a view of establishing effective ways for mitigation. The primary data were obtained from Questionnaires and field observations while secondary data were obtained from textbooks, Journal articles and newspapers.   The results revealed that factors such as change of use for building without following professional protocols is a major cause of building collapse. Poor supervision or lack of supervision by qualified professionals; substandard materials, structural failure; government controlling agency not monitoring projects and standards are compromised, a significant amount (27.7%) of collapse cases recorded during constructions. Other factors include faulty architectural and engineering designs; clients not ready to pay for quality jobs and contractors cut corners for profit. The study recommends use of Building Information Modelling to predict behaviour of buildings under various loading and environmental conditions. Also, only certified professionals should carry out design and supervision of projects. Further research should evaluate the role of technology on existing buildings to check the level of safety for occupants’ in such buildings.  

scholarly journals PENGARUH KINERJA KELEMBAGAAN TANI TERHADAP EKSISTENSI MODAL SOSIAL PETANI KEDELAI DALAM MENDUKUNG KEBERHASILAN PROGRAM UPSUS PAJALE DI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SEPTIANA, YOSINI DELIANA, LUCYANA TRIMO
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Farmer Groups ◽  
The Government

The role of agriculture in the economic development of this country is still very important, besides being a fuel provider, this sector also contributes significantly to the development of workforce which is expected to have an increase in the change in the level of poverty. The Ministry of Agriculture has a vision and mission in alleviating poverty by rolling out various forms of programs to increase capital for farmers. Farmers who have developed their level of education, improved changes in the economic and political structure, began to understand to form a farmer group that had the goal of obtaining and obtaining mutual assistance included in the agricultural program of the government, such as the UPSUS Pajale Program. Farmers who are members of farmer groups will strengthen the ability of their groups to manage and channel the Pajale UPSUS Program assistance that requires improving farm safety consisting of indicators; the role of members of farmer groups, suitability of group services, collectivity, and resolution of local wisdom that still requires in its farming activities. The success of farmer groups can not be separated from social capital which is the main foundation that must be owned by farmers as group members. Mangkuprawira (2010) describes the support of social capital in farmers such as social norms, mutual trust, networking, cooperation, mutual relations, participation, and commitment that will be directly connected to the success of the UPSUS Pajale (soybean) program being rolled out by the government, and seen from three indicators namely; successful output, successful results, and successful benefits. The UPSB Pajale Program in East Lampung Regency is held from February to March 2019. The data used are primary and secondary data with the Mix-method research method. The sampling technique used was the Proportional Stratified Random Sampling with a total sample of 140 farmers who were members of a farmer group receiving the 2017 UPSUS Pajale Kedelai Program in East Lampung Regency. Data processing is done qualitatively and quantitatively. Data is arranged qualitatively using descriptive analysis, while quantitative data is processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis, which uses the LISREL 8.80 program. The results showed the value of R2 = 0.71, which means that the second variable namely Farmer Institutional Performance and the Existence of Farmer Social Capital contributed 71 percent and was significant to the Success of the UPSUS Pajale Program in East Lampung Regency.Keywords: Farming Institution, Existence of Social Capital, and UPSUS Pajale Program

scholarly journals The Empowerment of Households towards Independence through Social Capital in Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH)

Society ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-280
Author(s):  
Widia Lestari ◽  
Drajat Tri Kartono ◽  
Argyo Demartoto ◽  
Khabib Bima Setiyawan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
District Office ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Central Java ◽  
Poor Households

This article aims to reveal 1) The Role of Program Keluarga Harapan or known as PKH (Family of Hope Program) in empowering beneficiary households or known as KPM (Keluarga Penerima Manfaat), 2) The Role of Social Capital in realizing the independence of KPM-PKH in Sukoharjo district, Central Java Province, Indonesia. This research is qualitative by using a case study approach. The determination of informants used a purposive sampling technique. The informants were eight beneficiary households and four key informants they were the Head of Sukoharjo district office of the Ministry of Social Services, coordinator of Sukoharjo district, PKH supervisor, PKH facilitator, and two key informants to support any information. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed into three stages; data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The data were verified by observation and source triangulation and time. The result showed that 1) The Role of PKH in empowering the beneficiary households by providing social assistance, strengthening by the regular meeting of Family Development Session, known as P2K2 (Pertemuan Peningkatan Kemampuan Keluarga), strengthening by PKH cooperative, and joint business group, known as KUBE (Kelompok Usaha Bersama), 2) The Role of social capital to build independence of KPM-PKH by adopting cultural values, trust, reciprocity, participation, communication system, and venture networks of beneficiary households. This is caused by the relevance of social bonding, social bridging and social linking carried out by KPM-PKH. To conclude, livelihoods choice of KPM-PKH by employing social capital becomes strategic and productive opportunities to empower independence among poor households as beneficiary of PKH.

scholarly journals Reducing Social Exclusion in Highly Disadvantaged Districts in Medellín, Colombia, through the Provision of a Cable-Car

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Zapata Cordoba ◽  
John Stanley ◽  
Janet Robin Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Developed Economies ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Aerial Cable ◽  
Steep Terrain ◽  
Reduced Risk

Recent research has shown that increasing trip making and improving a person’s social capital and sense of community is likely to reduce risks of social exclusion, and increase wellbeing. This, and most other related research on social exclusion, has been undertaken in countries with developed economies. This paper examines some of these relationships within a developing economy, where social exclusion is likely to be more widespread, using secondary data. It examines two districts in Medellín, Colombia, which are historically marginalised, with considerable poverty and also suffering from substantial drug-related violence. The focus is on the role of <em>Metrocable</em>, an aerial cable-car public transport system built to improve transport options in the area’s steep terrain, in reducing risk of exclusion. The analysis shows that increasing the number of trips is significantly associated with a reduced risk of social exclusion and that increasing social capital is weakly supportive. <em>Metrocable</em> is therefore likely to be successful in reducing exclusion. The model suggests that secondary data can be used to explore relationships between mobility and risk of social exclusion.

scholarly journals Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Infrastructure and Financial Inclusion in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3781-3783
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Total Productivity ◽  
Ict Infrastructure

ICT (Information and Communication Technology ) is the mostly discussed and observed subject matter now a days. In the all round progress of an economy , this sector has a key role to play. An economy cannot thrive well with proper information and communication technology. In driving the development of financial inclusion and sustainable development the role played by information and communication technology , cannot be overlooked. This infrastructure plays a crucial role ,enhancing the technical progress and thereby total productivity of the economy. Moreover previous findings have also showed a positive correlation of ICT on economic growth. This paper studies the role of ICT by using a multiple regression analysis. We have used mainly secondary data to arrive a logical conclusion. It is expected that this paper will help the policy makers and the researchers in analyzing and understanding the importance of financial inclusiveness for economic development.

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