Procedural Justice and Demographic Diversity: A Quasi-Experimental Study of Police Recruitment

2021 ◽  
pp. 109861112110434
Author(s):  
Michael F. Aiello
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Demographic Diversity ◽  
Unique Form ◽  
The Public ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Future Citizen ◽  
Organizational Cooperation

Online recruitment materials are often the first encounter for individuals considering a police career. Procedural justice (PJ) theory argues that how police officers treat the public is an important predictor for future citizen cooperation. Taking steps towards becoming a police officer is a unique form of organizational cooperation. This project examined job interest for a sample of 993 respondents in Amazon’s mTurk, experimentally manipulating whether the presented recruitment materials emphasized PJ policing or not (PJ content) in a quasi-experimental vignette design. The PJ content significantly increased two of the four job interest outcomes. PJ theory also argues fair and respectful treatment should impact all groups similarly, deemed the invariance thesis. The results largely showed groups being influenced in similar ways. This study’s findings largely support this extension of PJ theory, and are useful to practitioners interested in building their recruitment pool through economical changes in recruitment materials.

How Do the Components of Procedural Justice and Driver Race Influence Encounter-Specific Perceptions of Police Legitimacy During Traffic Stops?

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1200-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Starr J. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Treatment Quality ◽  
Police Legitimacy ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
The Public ◽  
Perceptions Of Police ◽  
Influence Perceptions

Procedural justice is often recognized as the key antecedent of police legitimacy. However, less is known about how the components of procedural justice, treatment and decision-making quality, influence perceptions of police legitimacy. This study utilizes a 2 × 2 × 2 survey experiment to explore the direct effects of the components of procedural justice, and the moderating effects of driver race, on perceptions of encounter-specific fairness and legitimacy. Results indicate that treatment quality is a more salient predictor of encounter-specific fairness and legitimacy than decision-making quality. In addition, simple effects analyses reveal that driver race moderates perceptions of encounter-specific fairness but not encounter-specific perceptions of legitimacy. The findings imply that police officers should emphasize respectful treatment during encounters with the public.

Quality over Quantity: Assessing the Impact of Frequent Public Interaction Compared to Problem-Solving Activities on Police Officer Job Satisfaction

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 526-541
Author(s):  
Victoria A Sytsma ◽  
Eric L Piza
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Primary Response ◽  
Job Assignment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Calls For Service ◽  
Community Oriented Policing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Research outside the field of policing has shown that job satisfaction predicts job performance. While policing research has demonstrated performing community-oriented policing (COP) activities generally improves police officer job satisfaction, the mechanism through which it occurs remains unclear. This study contributes to the community-policing literature through a survey of 178 police officers at the Toronto Police Service. The survey instrument measures the mechanism through which job satisfaction is impacted. Results indicate that primary response officers are more likely to be somewhat or very unsatisfied with their current job assignment compared with officers with a COP assignment—confirming what previous research has found. Further, those who interact with the public primarily for the purpose of engaging in problem-solving are more likely to be very satisfied with their current job assignment compared with those who do so primarily for the purpose of responding to calls for service. Engaging in problem-solving increases the odds of being very satisfied in one’s job assignment, and the combination of frequent contacts with the public and problem-solving is less important than problem-solving alone. The implications of the study findings for COP strategies are discussed.

Institutional procedural justice and street procedural justice in Chinese policing: The mediating role of moral alignment

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Y Sun ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Jianhong Liu ◽  
Maarten Van Craen
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Fair Treatment ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Chinese Police ◽  
Chinese Policing

Although the process-based model of policing has been widely tested, research on how procedural justice works within police agencies, particularly its impact on officer willingness to engage in procedurally fair behavior on the street, is relatively scant. Based on survey data collected from Chinese police officers, this study assessed the linkages between internal procedural justice and external procedural justice through the mechanisms of moral alignment with both supervisors and citizens and perceived citizen trustworthiness. Greater internal procedural justice was directly related to higher external procedural justice. Fair supervision helped build up moral alignment between officers and supervisors and between officers and citizens, which in turn led to stronger commitment to fair treatment of the public. Internal procedural justice and moral alignment with citizens also cultivated officers’ perceptions of public trustworthiness, which further strengthened officers’ fair treatment toward the public.

scholarly journals PROFESSIONAL POLICE OFFICERS BEHAVIOUR IN CRITICAL SITUATIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Egidijus Nedzinskas ◽  
Rūta Nedzinskienė ◽  
Renata Šliažienė
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Wrong Decision ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Law ◽  
Critical Situations

Fast-moving processes in today's society make the importance of prompt, responsible and professional decision-making by police officers. In everyday situations that do not require important and urgent decisions, the police officer can act appropriately and avoid hasty, inadequate decisions. However, the police officer must always be prepared to face an emergency situation, to evaluate it correctly and to use the powers granted to resolve it. The only one wrong decision can have irreversible consequences for the police officer or the public. This paper aims to investigate the behaviour of professional police officers in everyday and critical situations. The research was based on scientific literature analysis and statistical data analysis. One of Lithuanian universities where future police officers are educated has been chosen for the study. A written survey for students – future police officers was performed. The study has shown that police officers, performing their daily duties without the need to take especially important decisions or making critical decisions on which depend the fate of the human, feel the legal liability and social responsibility. In critical situations requiring officers’ self-decision, these decisions are affected by the officers’ sense of responsibility to people, his/her obligation to comply with the law and fear of punishment if the law is violated. 

Does officer self-legitimacy mediate the linkage between internal and external procedural justice? Evidence from Taiwanese police officers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei-Lin Chen ◽  
Ivan Sun ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Shun-Yung Kevin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Western Democracy ◽  
Perception Of Self

PurposeThis paper aims to assess whether internal procedural justice is directly and indirectly through self-legitimacy connected to external procedural justice among Taiwanese police officers.Design/methodology/approachSurvey data used in this study were collected from 316 Taiwanese police officers in 2019. Structural equation modeling was performed to examine the direct and indirect relationships between internal and external procedural justice.FindingsSupervisors' internal procedural justice is directly related to the external procedural justice rendered to the public by police officers. Internal procedural justice also directly enhances officers' perceptions of internal legitimacy and external legitimacy. Greater senses of internal legitimacy are then accompanied by higher external procedural justice.Research limitations/implicationsSurvey data collected from a non-random sample of officers limit the study findings' generalizability. Organizational justice in the form of supervisory justice is instrumental in promoting officers' perception of self-legitimacy and their delivery of fair treatment to the public.Originality/valueThe present study represents a first attempt to link two important veins of studies in recent policing literature, organizational justice and officer self-legitimacy. This study provides needed evidence to support the value of supervisory justice in policing in a non-Western democracy.

Procedural Justice in the Criminal Justice System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Sargeant ◽  
Julie Barkworth ◽  
Natasha S. Madon
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Correctional Officers ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
The Public ◽  
System P ◽  
Compliance With The Law

Fairness and equity are key concerns in modern liberal democracies. In step with this general trend, academics and practitioners have long been concerned with the fairness of procedures utilized by the criminal justice system. Definitions vary, but procedural justice is loosely defined as fair treatment and fair decision-making by authorities. In the criminal justice system, the procedural justice of authorities such as police officers, judicial officers, and correctional officers is evaluated by members of the public. Procedural justice in the criminal justice system is viewed as an end in and of itself, but it is also an opportunity to yield various outcomes including legitimacy, public compliance with the law, cooperation with criminal justice officials, and satisfaction with criminal justice proceedings and outcomes.

scholarly journals Effects of Mental Strength Training for Police Officers: a Three-Wave Quasi-experimental Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik van der Meulen ◽  
Mark W. G. Bosmans ◽  
Kim M. E. Lens ◽  
Esmah Lahlah ◽  
Peter G. van der Velden
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Procedural Justice Received and Given: Supervisory Treatment, Emotional States, and Behavioral Compliance Among Taiwanese Police Officers

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 963-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Charles Kuang-Ming Chang ◽  
Kevin Kuen-Lung Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Strain Theory ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Behavioral Compliance ◽  
General Strain ◽  
Mediating Factor ◽  
Organizational Rules ◽  
Research And Policy

Drawing upon the work of procedural justice and general strain theory, as well as officer survey data from Taiwan, this study proposes and tests a conceptual model that links the internal procedural justice officers receive from supervisors to the external procedural justice officers provide to the public. Results indicated that internal procedural justice affected external procedural justice both directly and indirectly through the mediating factors of job-related satisfaction and anger. Supervisory procedural justice also exerted an indirect influence on officer compliance with organizational rules through the mediating factor of anger and frustration. Implications for research and policy are discussed.

Rethinking Police Violence in Brazil: Unmasking the Public Secret of Race

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (04) ◽  
pp. 161-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hoffman French
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Police Reform ◽  
Police Violence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Black Police ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Alternative Reading

Abstract In Brazilian cities, perhaps the most disturbing criminal activity is the violence perpetrated by police officers themselves. This article is an invitation and a provocation to reconsider social scientific thinking about police violence in Brazil. Illustrated by a court decision from a Northeastern city, in which a black man won a case against the state for being falsely arrested and abused by a black police officer on the grounds of racism, this article investigates three paradoxes: Brazilians fear both crime and the police; black police beat black civilians; and government officials disavow responsibility by stigmatizing the police on racial grounds. It then proposes an alternative reading of these paradoxes that opens the possibility for rethinking police reform and argues that democratization in Brazil is deeply intertwined with the future of its darkest-skinned citizens.

Internal Procedural Justice, Moral Alignment, and External Procedural Justice in Democratic Policing

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Maarten Van Craen ◽  
Kevin Kuen-lung Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Procedural Justice ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fair Treatment ◽  
Democratic Policing ◽  
Inside Out

Notwithstanding the popularity of the process-based model of policing among social scientists, research on factors that encourage police officers to engage in procedurally fair behavior is relatively scarce. Based on the fair policing from the inside out framework and survey data collected from Taiwan police officers, this study explored the connection between internal procedural justice and external procedural justice through the mechanisms of moral alignment with both supervisors and citizens and perceived citizen trustworthiness. Fair supervision was found to build up moral alignment between officers and supervisors and between officers and citizens, which in turn led to stronger commitment to responsiveness and fair treatment of the public. Internal procedural justice and moral alignment also cultivated officers’ perceptions of public trustworthiness, which similarly strengthened officers’ response and fair treatment toward the public.

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