scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of the Nile Delta Lagoons

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117862212096307
Author(s):  
Karim M Morsy ◽  
Amrit K Mishra ◽  
Mona M Galal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Nile Delta ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Fish Mortality ◽  
Water And Sediment

Nile Delta Lagoons have been formed 7000 years before the present. The lagoons were aqua-cultural and ecological keystones for the early Egyptian agricultural civilization. The water quality of Nile Delta Lagoons has been deteriorated with the economic development, population rapid increase, and the related industrialization, which exert high pressure on the surrounding environment. The 4 lagoons (1) Maryut, (2) Edku, (3) Burullus, and (4) Manzala are large is surface area, shallow in depth and located on the Nile Delta that receive great amounts of agricultural drainage, sewage, and industrial effluents before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea. The aim of this study is to monitor and assess the water and sediment quality of the lagoons. In light of this assessment, it was found that excessive nutrients are discharged into these lagoons causing severe eutrophication. In addition, relatively low values of dissolved oxygen were recorded causing fish mortality in the lagoons which amplifies in summer as the temperature increases. The article also examined the physical and biological parameters in addition to the chemical concentration of trace metals (Zn, Fe, Pb, Mn, Cr, and Cd) in the water and sediment samples that were collected from the 4 lagoons. High values of biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total coliform, fecal coliform, fecal streptococci, ammonia (NH3), total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were recorded. In addition, high concentrations of trace metals were found in the water and sediments of the 4 lagoons.

Sewers and the Quality of Canals and Ditches in Amsterdam

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jacobs ◽  
J. W. van Sluis
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Sewer System ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Combined Sewer ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality

The surface water system of Amsterdam is very complicated. Of two characteristic types of water systems the influences on water and sediment quality are investigated. The importance of the sewer output to the total loads is different for both water systems. In a polder the load from the sewers is much more important than in the canal basin. Measures to reduce the emission from the sewers are much more effective in a polder. The effect of these measures on sediment quality is more than the effect on water quality. Some differences between a combined sewer system and a separate sewer system can be found in sediment quality.

scholarly journals Variations in selected water quality variables and metal concentrations in the sediment of the lower Olifants and Selati rivers, South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Seymore ◽  
H.H. Du Preez ◽  
J.H.J. Van Vuren ◽  
A. Deacon ◽  
G. Strydom
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
Olifants River ◽  
Western Side ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A survey of the water and sediment quality of the lower Olifants River and lower Selati River was carried out. Metal concentrations (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sr and Zn) in the water and sediment, as well as the physical and chemical characteristics of the water were determined over a two-year period (April 1990 - February 1992). The water quality of the lower Selati River, which flows through the Phalaborwa area, was found to be influenced by the mining and industrial activities in the area. It was also the case with the lower Olifants River after the Selati-Olifants confluence, although the concentrations of most variables did decrease from the western side of the Kruger National Park to the eastern side due to dilution of the water by tributaries of the Olifants River. Variables of special concern were sodium, fluoride. chloride, sulphate, potassium, the total dissolved salts and the metal concentrations (except strontium). The water quality of the Selati River in the study area is a great cause of concern and a further degradation thereof cannot be afforded.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Water and Sediment Quality of Tropical Forest Streams in Upper Reaches of the Baleh River, Sarawak, Malaysia, Subjected to Logging Activities

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teck-Yee Ling ◽  
Chen-Lin Soo ◽  
Jagath-Retchahan Sivalingam ◽  
Lee Nyanti ◽  
Siong-Fong Sim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Large Temperature ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality ◽  
Forest Streams ◽  
The Impact

The study of the impact of logging activities on water and sediment quality of Sarawak forest streams is still scarce despite Sarawak being the largest exporter of timber in Malaysia. This study was aimed at determining the water and sediment quality of forest streams in Sarawak and the potential impact of logging activities. In situ parameters were measured, and water and sediment samples were collected at six stations before rain. Additionally, water quality was investigated at three stations after rain. The results showed that canopy removal resulted in large temperature variation and sedimentation in the forest streams. Lower suspended solids were found at stations with inactive logging (<2 mg/L) compared to active logging (10–16 mg/L) activities. The highest concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water and sediment was 4.4 mg/L, 77.6 μg/L, 0.17%, and 0.01%, respectively. Besides, significantly negative correlation of sediment nitrogen and water total ammonia nitrogen indicated the loss of nitrogen from sediment to water. Water quality of the streams deteriorated after rain, in particular, suspended solids which increased from 8.3 mg/L to 104.1 mg/L. This study reveals that logging activities have an impact on the water quality of Sarawak forest streams particularly in rainfall events.

Evaluation of BASINS/WinHSPF applicability for pollutant loading estimation for a Korean watershed

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Jeon ◽  
C.G. Yoon ◽  
J.H. Ham ◽  
K.W. Jung
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Watershed Model ◽  
Pollutant Loading ◽  
Model Efficiency

Applicability of a widely accepted watershed-based water quality assessment tool (BASINS) and its associated watershed model (WinHSPF) was evaluated on the Seamangeum watershed in Korea. The study site is the largest polder project area in Korea and its environmental quality has been debated for the last five years. BASINS was found to be a convenient and powerful tool for assessment of watershed characteristics, and provided various tools to delineate the watershed into land segments and river reaches, reclassify land use, and parameterize for WinHSPF simulation. Calibration results were satisfactory showing model efficiency over 0.80 for stream flow, temperature, and dissolved oxygen simulation, and model output for water quality constituents also reasonably matched the observed data. It was demonstrated that calibration with dry-day data for a relatively long period might be adequate to simulate hydrologic characteristics and water quality of the watershed with WinHSPF, and using parameters generated with BASINS for nonpoint source pollution simulation is suggested when enough wet-day monitoring data are not available. The unit-area load of biochemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus was 27.8, 48.2, and 4.3 kg/ha/yr, respectively. These values are within the expected range but on the high side of the reported values, which implies that effective control measures are required to protect water quality of the downstream reservoir. Overall, BASINS/WinHSPF was applicable and found to be a powerful tool in pollutant loading estimation from the watershed, and its use in Korea is recommended.

scholarly journals Spatial analysis of water quality of the Karra River, Hetauda, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Sadhana Pradhanang
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Region

The assessment of water quality of Karra River in Hetauda, Nepal was carried out by determining the changes in the concentration levels of eight physico-chemical parameters (pH, Electric conductivity (EC), bicarbonate, dissolved oxygen (DO), silica, chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate and nitrate). The samples were collected from upstream, industrial belt and downstream of the Karra River. The Karra River is the dumping ground for industrial effluents of Hetauda industrial district (HID). On analysis, the concentrations of most of the physico-chemicals parameters were found to be above the prescribed limits for industrial wastewater into inland surface waters. Dissolved Oxygen was found to be in the range of 0.49- 8.47 mg/L while COD, nitrate and phosphate were recorded in the range of 8.3-367 mg/L, 0.35- 78.22 mg/L and 0.01-1.64 mg/L, respectively. Concentrations of most of these parameters were within the prescribed limits in the samples collected from upstream and downstream, revealing the river still in good condition at these points indicating less human interference at the head water region and good self-purification capacity at downstream. However the concentrations of the pollutants’ parameters are higher at the sample points just after effluent discharge.Journal of Hydrology and Meteorology, Vol. 8(1) p.58-65

scholarly journals Water quality assessment of Loktak Lake, Northeast India using 2-D hydrodynamic modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliza Khwairakpam ◽  
Rakesh Khosa ◽  
Ashvani Gosain ◽  
Arvind Nema
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Northeast India ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Loktak Lake ◽  
Physically Based

AbstractThe paper comprises of an application of a multi-faceted physically based two-dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic model to simulate the transport phenomena of Loktak Lake, including the water quality of Loktak Lake, for which there is consensus that it is deteriorating due to river discharge from sub-catchments carrying sewage loads, soil sediments and agricultural fertilizers, and therefore, has emerged as a serious environmental concern. Accordingly, the study attempts to understand the overall environmental quality of the Loktak system and in particular simulate Loktak Lake water quality (state) variables by coupling through MIKE 21 ECO Lab. The model simulated dissolved oxygen and biochemical oxygen demand throughout the lake.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Ponds and Charas of Sylhet City based on pH, DO and BOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Jafor Ahmed Limon ◽  
Md. Robin Sarker ◽  
Md. Naeem Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Surface Water Pollution ◽  
City Life ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Day By Day

At present, the condition of surface water is much declining and the quality of water is a vital concern for mankind. It is directly linked with human security. Greater part of people is still not aware of it. So, improvement of the condition of surface water is a crying need. Surface water is often physically contaminated due to unhygienic practices. Discharges from various contaminated sources are very common thing in city life which deteriorates the water quality and necessary treatment is required to make water usable. The investigation is based on laboratory tests on water samples obtained from seven Ponds and three Charas of Sylhet City Corporation. The selected parameters for assessing the water quality are PH, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Dissolved Oxygen (DO). The present condition of Ponds and Charas water are not up to the mark and it is declining day by day. Proper initiatives need to take regarding the control of surface water pollution in Sylhet.

scholarly journals Effect of Bio-Enzymatic Preparation on Water Quality in Ponds and on Quantity and Quality of Fishpond Sediments

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Barbora Müllerová ◽  
Marija Radojičić ◽  
Radovan Kopp ◽  
Jan Grmela ◽  
Michal Šorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Enzymatic Preparation ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Sediment Loss ◽  
Water And Sediment Quality ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of a bacterial-enzymatic preparation to affect water quality, particularly the composition and the amount of sediments in ponds. The PTP Plus preparation was applied during the year 2016. For evaluation of the possible effects of the preparation, the water and sediment was compared in the growing seasons 2016 and 2017. When monitoring the sediment loss, a difference ranging from 72 to 86 mm was measured. There was an increase in the level of conductivity, alongside with an increase in the amount of calcium and chlorides in the water. In the case of the sediment, there was an increase in the amount of organic substances in the aqueous leachate and a decrease in the amount of available and total calcium. Changes of other monitored parameters were not so clear. The significant changes in water and sediment quality in the individual years of monitoring were probably more influenced by climatic conditions and significant growth of macrophytes in 2017 than by the application of the product. The expected reduction of the share of organic matter in the sediments after the application of the product has not been confirmed.

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq Using NSF-WQI

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
Ali W. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Phosphate Potential ◽  
The North ◽  
Sahel Region ◽  
Method Of Evaluation ◽  
Southern Iraq

Three stations were selected on Shatt Al-Arab River, which is distinguished by its fresh water that is used for drinking, agriculture and industry. The first station is located in the north of Basrah Province in Al-Shafy, the second in the province center in Al-Salhiya and the third one to the south in the Sahel Region, during the period from October 2019 until September 2020. The study aimed to assess the quality of Shatt Al-Arab River water by using the NSF-WQI guide and its suitability for various uses as it represents an easy and efficient method of evaluation. Seven factors were used in the study: dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, reactive phosphate, potential of Hydrogen, total dissolved solids, nitrates and water temperature. The results showed that the water quality index values varied between 110-122, as Shatt Al-Arab River water is generally classified as poor water. The second station recorded the highest (122) value for the index, while the first station recorded the lowest value (110).

scholarly journals Water Quality Assessment of Former Tin Mining Lakes for Recreational Purposes in Ipoh City, Perak, Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Mohmadisa Hashim ◽  
Nasir Nayan ◽  
Yazid Saleh ◽  
Hanifah Mahat ◽  
Wee Fhei Shiang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Water Quality Assessment ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Mining Lakes ◽  
Recreation Area ◽  
Water Recreation

A study of the water quality of the former tin mining lakes in Ipoh City was carried out to determine the Water Quality Index (WQI) and classification based on the Malaysia National Water Quality Standards, in order to determine its suitability to be developed as a water recreation area. Five former mining lakes were chosen: Gunung Lang, Taman Indah, Kg. Temiang, Lahat and Kg. Engku Husin. The parameters measured were pH, dissolved oxygen, suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand and ammonical nitrogen (NH3N), while the heavy metals measured were lead (Pb), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and arsenic (As). The analytical study shows that four former mining lakes in this research are suitable to be developed for water recreation purposes as they are classified under class II with a WQI greater than 81, which holds a clean status. Only one lake, Kg. Engku Husin, is categorised as class III, which requires an intensive treatment before it can be used for recreational purposes. Meanwhile, heavy metals such as Zn, As and Cu were at the standard level except for Pb, which exceeded the set guidelines. The local authorities and project developers should take appropriate measures to ensure that this former mining lake is well maintained and managed so that it is preserved and suitable to be developed as a recreational area.

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