Parents’ malevolent personification of mass vaccination solidifies vaccine hesitancy

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532090347
Author(s):  
Gal Noyman-Veksler ◽  
David Greenberg ◽  
Itamar Grotto ◽  
Golan Shahar
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Parental Anxiety ◽  
Wild Poliovirus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns

Parental hesitancy to vaccinate their children derails the success of mass vaccination campaigns. We examined the effect of parents’ personification of the vaccinating agency on vaccine hesitancy (i.e. negative or positive mind change) in 555 parents in a mass wild poliovirus vaccination campaign. Parents were assessed before and after the campaign on attitudes toward vaccination and the vaccinating agency (“The Israeli MoH is caring” vs “hysteric”). Positive mind change was predicted by a gender and malevolent personification. A negative mind change was predicted by parental anxiety. We conclude that parental hesitancy is influenced by parents’ attachment to the vaccinating agency.

scholarly journals Measles Outbreak Associated With Low Vaccine Effectiveness Among Adults in Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia, 2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig M. Hales ◽  
Eliaser Johnson ◽  
Louisa Helgenberger ◽  
Mark J. Papania ◽  
Maribeth Larzelere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Vaccine Effectiveness ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Primary Case ◽  
Federated States Of Micronesia ◽  
Measles Outbreak ◽  
Mass Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns

Abstract Background.  A measles outbreak in Pohnpei State, Federated States of Micronesia in 2014 affected many persons who had received ≥1 dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV). A mass vaccination campaign targeted persons aged 6 months to 49 years, regardless of prior vaccination. Methods.  We evaluated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of MCV by comparing secondary attack rates among vaccinated and unvaccinated contacts after household exposure to measles. Results.  Among 318 contacts, VE for precampaign MCV was 23.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], −425 to 87.3) for 1 dose, 63.4% (95% CI, −103 to 90.6) for 2 doses, and 95.9% (95% CI, 45.0 to 100) for 3 doses. Vaccine effectiveness was 78.7% (95% CI, 10.1 to 97.7) for campaign doses received ≥5 days before rash onset in the primary case and 50.4% (95% CI, −52.1 to 87.9) for doses received 4 days before to 3 days after rash onset in the primary case. Vaccine effectiveness for most recent doses received before 2010 ranged from 51% to 57%, but it increased to 84% for second doses received in 2010 or later. Conclusions.  Low VE was a major source of measles susceptibility in this outbreak; potential reasons include historical cold chain inadequacies or waning of immunity. Vaccine effectiveness of campaign doses supports rapid implementation of vaccination campaigns in outbreak settings.

scholarly journals Using geospatial models to map zero-dose children: factors associated with zero-dose vaccination status before and after a mass measles and rubella vaccination campaign

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohan Arambepola ◽  
Yangyupei Yang ◽  
Kyle Hutchinson ◽  
Francis D Mwansa ◽  
Julie Ann Doherty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Childhood Vaccines ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Despite gains in global coverage of childhood vaccines, many children remain undervaccinated. Vaccination campaigns also known as Supplemental Immunization Activity (SIA) are commonly conducted to reach those who are undervaccinated. However, reaching these children even during an SIA is challenging. We evaluated the effectiveness of an SIA in reaching zero dose children. Methods: We conducted a prospective study in 10 health center catchment areas in Southern province, Zambia in November 2020. About 2 months before the measles and rubella SIA we developed aerial satellite maps which were then used to enumerate and survey households. Zero dose children were identified during this exercise. After the SIA, households with zero dose children identified before the SIA were targeted for mop up vaccination and to assess if they were vaccinated during the SIA. A Bayesian geospatial model was used to identify factors associated with zero-dose status before the campaign and produce fine-scale prevalence maps. Models were used to identify factors associated with measles zero-dose children reached in the campaign and identify optimal locations for additional vaccination sites. Results: Before the vaccination campaign, 4% of children under 9 months were DTP zero-dose and 17% of children 9-60 months were measles zero-dose. Of the 461 measles zero-dose children identified before the vaccination campaign, 338 (73.3%) were vaccinated during the campaign, 118 (25.6%) were reached by a targeted mop-up activity. The presence of other children in the household, younger age, greater travel time to health facilities, and living between health facility catchment areas were associated with zero-dose status. Mapping zero-dose prevalence revealed substantial heterogeneity, both within and between catchment areas. Several potential locations were identified for additional vaccination sites. Conclusion: Fine-scale variation in zero-dose prevalence and the impact of accessibility to healthcare facilities on vaccination coverage were identified. Geospatial modeling can aid targeted vaccination activities.

scholarly journals Measles Incidence Before and After Mass Vaccination Campaigns in Burkina Faso

2003 ◽  
Vol 187 (s1) ◽  
pp. S80-S85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Kambiré ◽  
M. Kader Konde ◽  
André Yaméogo ◽  
Sylvestre R. M. Tiendrébéogo ◽  
Rasmata Traoré Ouédraogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Measles Incidence

scholarly journals Urology practice during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign

2021 ◽  
pp. 039156032110163
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Ficarra ◽  
Giacomo Novara ◽  
Gianluca Giannarini ◽  
Cosimo De Nunzio ◽  
Alberto Abrate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Surgery Management

Introduction: The current scenario of the COVID-19 pandemic is significantly different from that of the first, emergency phase. Several countries in the world are experiencing a second, or even a third, wave of contagion, while awaiting the effects of mass vaccination campaigns. The aim of this report was to provide an update of previously released recommendations on prioritization and restructuring of urological activities. Methods: A large group of Italian urologists directly involved in the reorganization of their urological wards during the first and second phase of the pandemic agreed on a set of updated recommendations for current urology practice. Results: The updated recommendations included strategies for the prioritization of both surgical and outpatient activities, implementation of perioperative pathways for patients scheduled for elective surgery, management of urological conditions in infected patients. Future scenarios with possible implementation of telehealth and reshaping of clinical practice following the effects of vaccination are also discussed. Conclusion: The present update may be a valid tool to be used in the clinical practice, may provide useful recommendations for national and international urological societies, and may be a cornerstone for further discussion on the topic, also considering further evolution of the pandemic after the recently initiated mass vaccination campaigns.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Vaccine: A Survey of Hesitancy in Patients with Celiac Disease

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
Andrea Costantino ◽  
Matilde Topa ◽  
Leda Roncoroni ◽  
Luisa Doneda ◽  
Vincenza Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Tertiary Referral Center ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Refusal Rate ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns

(1) Background: COVID-19 vaccination campaigns offer the best hope of controlling the pandemic. However, the fast production of COVID-19 vaccines has caused concern among the general public regarding their safety and efficacy. In particular, patients with chronic illnesses, such as celiac disease (CD), may be more fearful. Information on vaccine hesitancy plays a pivotal role in the development of an efficient vaccination campaign. In our study, we aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Italian CD patients. (2) Methods: an anonymous questionnaire was sent to CD patients followed at our tertiary referral center for CD in Milan, Italy. Patients were defined as willing, hesitant and refusing. We evaluated the reasons for hesitancy/refusal and the possible determinants, calculating crude and adjusted odds ratios [AdjORs] with 95% confidence intervals [CIs]. (3) Results: the questionnaire was sent to 346 patients with a response rate of 29.8%. Twenty-six (25.2%) of the 103 respondents were hesitant, with a total refusal rate of 4.8%. The main reason was fear of adverse events related to vaccination (68.2%). Among hesitant patients, 23% declared that their opinion was influenced by their CD. The determinants positively influencing willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 were adherence to a GFD, perception of good knowledge about COVID-19 and its vaccines, and a positive attitude to previous vaccines (AdjOR 12.71, 95% CI 1.82–88.58, AdjOR 6.50, 95% CI 1.44–29.22, AdjOR 0.70, 95% CI 0.11–4.34, respectively). (4) Conclusions: CD patients should be vaccinated against COVID-19 and a specific campaign to address the determinants of hesitancy should be developed.

scholarly journals The impact of reactive mass vaccination campaigns on measles outbreaks in the Katanga region, Democratic Republic of Congo

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Funk ◽  
Saki Takahashi ◽  
Joel Hellewell ◽  
Kartini Gadroen ◽  
Isidro Carrion-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Republic Of Congo ◽  
Measles Outbreaks ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe Katanga region in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been struck by repeated epidemics of measles, with large outbreaks occurring in 2010–13 and 2015. In many of the affected health zones, reactive mass vaccination campaigns were conducted in response to the outbreaks. Here, we attempted to determine how effective the vaccination campaigns in 2015 were in curtailing the ongoing outbreak. We further sought to establish whether the risk of large measles outbreaks in different health zones could have been determined in advance to help prioritise areas for vaccination campaign and speed up the response. In doing so, we first attempted to identify factors that could have been used in 2015 to predict in which health zones the greatest outbreaks would occur. Administrative vaccination coverage was not a good predictor of the size of outbreaks in different health zones. Vaccination coverage derived from surveys, on the other hand, appeared to give more reliable estimates of health zones of low vaccination coverage and, consequently, large outbreaks. On a coarser geographical scale, the provinces most affected in 2015 could be predicted from the outbreak sizes in 2010–13. This, combined with the fact that the vast majority of reported cases were in under-5 year olds, would suggest that there are systematic issues of undervaccination. If this was to continue, outbreaks would be expected to continue to occur in the affected health zones at regular intervals, mostly concentrated in under-5 year olds. We further used a model of measles transmission to estimate the impact of the vaccination campaigns, by first fitting a model to the data including the campaigns and then re-running this without vaccination. We estimated the reactive campaigns to have reduced the size of the overall outbreak by approximately 21,000 (IQR: 16,000–27,000; 95% CI: 8300–38,000) cases. There was considerable heterogeneity in the impact of campaigns, with campaigns started earlier after the start of an outbreak being more impactful. Taken together, these findings suggest that while a strong routine vaccination regime remains the most effective means of measles control, it might be possible to improve the effectiveness of reactive campaigns by considering predictive factors to trigger a more targeted vaccination response.

scholarly journals The shot, the message, and the messenger: COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Latin America

npj Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Argote ◽  
Elena Barham ◽  
Sarah Zukerman Daly ◽  
Julian E. Gerez ◽  
John Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Vaccine Acceptance ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Foreign Governments ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Mass Inoculation

AbstractHerd immunity by mass vaccination offers the potential to substantially limit the continuing spread of COVID-19, but high levels of vaccine hesitancy threaten this goal. In a cross-country analysis of vaccine hesitant respondents across Latin America in January 2021, we experimentally tested how five features of mass vaccination campaigns—the vaccine’s producer, efficacy, endorser, distributor, and current population uptake rate—shifted willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine. We find that citizens preferred Western-produced vaccines, but were highly influenced by factual information about vaccine efficacy. Vaccine hesitant individuals were more responsive to vaccine messengers with medical expertise than political, religious, or media elite endorsements. Citizen trust in foreign governments, domestic leaders, and state institutions moderated the effects of the campaign features on vaccine acceptance. These findings can help inform the design of unfolding mass inoculation campaigns.

Difficulties in measles elimination: prevalence of measles antibodies before and after mass vaccination campaign in Laos

Vaccine ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chushi Kuroiwa ◽  
Phoxay Xayyavong ◽  
Phengta Vongphrachanh ◽  
Bouaphan Khampapongpane ◽  
Miki Yamanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Measles Elimination ◽  
Mass Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Measles Antibodies ◽  
Before And After

Vaccine hesitancy could derail COVID-19 control

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Population Immunity ◽  
Great Hope ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns

Subject COVID-19 and vaccine hesitancy. Significance In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) cited “vaccine hesitancy” as one of the top ten threats to global health. Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, great hope has been placed on developing a vaccine to help countries return to normalcy. However, for a vaccine successfully to achieve the goal of population immunity, large-scale uptake is crucial. The growing anti-vaccination (‘anti-vax’) movement, which has strong pre-COVID-19 foundations, threatens to derail future vaccination campaigns. Impacts Stakeholders in public health will have to divert increasing amounts of resources to counter anti-vax content. Social media companies will come under increasing pressure to ensure they do not give a platform to misinformation relating to vaccinations. The full impact of the anti-vax movement will only be revealed when a vaccination campaign commences.

scholarly journals Modeling vaccination rollouts, SARS-CoV-2 variants and the requirement for non-pharmaceutical interventions in Italy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Giordano ◽  
Marta Colaneri ◽  
Alessandro Di Filippo ◽  
Franco Blanchini ◽  
Paolo Bolzern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare System ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

AbstractDespite progress in clinical care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)1, population-wide interventions are still crucial to manage the pandemic, which has been aggravated by the emergence of new, highly transmissible variants. In this study, we combined the SIDARTHE model2, which predicts the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infections, with a new data-based model that projects new cases onto casualties and healthcare system costs. Based on the Italian case study, we outline several scenarios: mass vaccination campaigns with different paces, different transmission rates due to new variants and different enforced countermeasures, including the alternation of opening and closure phases. Our results demonstrate that non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have a higher effect on the epidemic evolution than vaccination alone, advocating for the need to keep NPIs in place during the first phase of the vaccination campaign. Our model predicts that, from April 2021 to January 2022, in a scenario with no vaccine rollout and weak NPIs ($${\cal{R}}_0$$ R 0 = 1.27), as many as 298,000 deaths associated with COVID-19 could occur. However, fast vaccination rollouts could reduce mortality to as few as 51,000 deaths. Implementation of restrictive NPIs ($${\cal{R}}_0$$ R 0 = 0.9) could reduce COVID-19 deaths to 30,000 without vaccinating the population and to 18,000 with a fast rollout of vaccines. We also show that, if intermittent open–close strategies are adopted, implementing a closing phase first could reduce deaths (from 47,000 to 27,000 with slow vaccine rollout) and healthcare system costs, without substantive aggravation of socioeconomic losses.

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