scholarly journals Human needs in COVID-19 isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 871-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Matias ◽  
Fabio H Dominski ◽  
David F Marks
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mental Well Being

To reduce the spread of COVID-19, the World Health Organization and the majority of governments have recommended that the entire human population should ‘stay-at-home’. A significant proportion of the population live alone or are vulnerable to mental health problems yet, in the vast majority of cases, individuals in social isolation have no access to mental healthcare. The only resource is people themselves using self-help, self-medication and self-care. During prolonged COVID-19 isolation, an in-built system of homeostasis can help rebalance activity, thought and feeling. Increased physical activity enables a reset of physical and mental well-being. During periods of lockdown, it is recommended that exercise should be as vigorously promoted as social distancing itself.

The scale of the problem

Psychiatry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca McKnight ◽  
Jonathan Price ◽  
John Geddes
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization

One in four individuals suffer from a psychiatric disorder at some point in their life, with 15– 20 per cent fitting cri­teria for a mental disorder at any given time. The latter corresponds to around 450 million people worldwide, placing mental disorders as one of the leading causes of global morbidity. Mental health problems represent five of the ten leading causes of disability worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported in mid 2016 that ‘the global cost of mental illness is £651 billion per year’, stating that the equivalent of 50 million working years was being lost annually due to mental disorders. The financial global impact is clearly vast, but on a smaller scale, the social and psychological impacts of having a mental dis­order on yourself or your family are greater still. It is often difficult for the general public and clin­icians outside psychiatry to think of mental health dis­orders as ‘diseases’ because it is harder to pinpoint a specific pathological cause for them. When confronted with this view, it is helpful to consider that most of medicine was actually founded on this basis. For ex­ample, although medicine has been a profession for the past 2500 years, it was only in the late 1980s that Helicobacter pylori was linked to gastric/ duodenal ul­cers and gastric carcinoma, or more recently still that the BRCA genes were found to be a cause of breast cancer. Still much of clinical medicine treats a patient’s symptoms rather than objective abnormalities. The WHO has given the following definition of mental health:… Mental health is defined as a state of well- being in which every individual realizes his or her own po­tential, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.… This is a helpful definition, because it clearly defines a mental disorder as a condition that disrupts this state in any way, and sets clear goals of treatment for the clinician. It identifies the fact that a disruption of an individual’s mental health impacts negatively not only upon their enjoyment and ability to cope with life, but also upon that of the wider community.

Psychiatric morbidity in December 2015 flood-affected population in Tamil Nadu, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shailaja Bandla ◽  
NR Nappinnai ◽  
Srinivasagopalan Gopalasamy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Floods are the most common type of natural disaster, which have a negative impact on mental health. Following floods, survivors are vulnerable to develop PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder), depression, anxiety and other mental health problems. Aim: The aim is to study the psychiatric morbidity in the persons affected by floods during December 2015. Materials and methods: This study was carried out in Chennai and Cuddalore. In total, 223 persons who were directly exposed to floods were assessed. PTSD Checklist–Civilian Version, Beck’s Depression Inventory, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory and World Health Organization–Five Well-Being Scale (WHO-5) were used in the study. Chi-square test was used to compare the means. Results: Overall, psychiatric morbidity was found to be 45.29%; 60 (26.9%) persons had symptoms of PTSD. Anxiety was found in 48 (27.4%) and depression was found in 101 (45.29%) persons; and 11 (4.9%) persons have reported an increase in substance abuse. Conclusion: Following disaster like floods, there is a need for better preparedness in terms of basic necessities and medical and psychological assistance, particularly emphasizing the needs of older persons in order to prevent the development of psychiatric problems.

scholarly journals Predicting wellbeing in children’s use of smart screen devices

Comunicar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (66) ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Félix Ortega-Mohedano ◽  
Fernando Pinto-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Least Square ◽  
World Health ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Modelo Lineal ◽  
The Impact

This study presents an explanatory Ordinary Linear Regression Model for predicting wellbeing in the use of smart screen devices among children and youngsters in Spain, using a database of microdata for a total of 23,860 national representative households and some 6,106 total cohabiting minors under 15 years of age. The World Health Organization actively recommends children and youngsters to spend less hours in front of smart screen devices and encourages substituting them with more active play and direct socialisation. The main purpose of our research is to study the impact of the use of these devices on mental and physical well-being, sleep pattern, and the potential explanatory effects. To address the analysis, we contrasted the modelisation model proposed with microdata provided in the 2017 version of the National Health Survey in Spain. We performed a series of ordinary least square regression models OLS, obtaining significant information on the effects and risks excessive use of smart screen devices may be inflicting on children and adolescents in Spain. As a main result, we contrasted with the data and the modelisation that those individuals who use these devices more intensively have higher risk of mental health problems, significantly reduced sleeping hours and have a higher chance of suffering physical health problems such as obesity Este artículo presenta un Modelo Lineal General de Regresión para predecir el bienestar en el uso de pantallas inteligentes entre niños y jóvenes en España utilizando una base de datos de microdatos para un total de 23.860 hogares representativos nacionales y unos 6.106 menores cohabitantes de menos de 15 años. La Organización Mundial de la Salud recomienda activamente que los niños y jóvenes pasen menos horas frente a las pantallas inteligentes y alienta sustituirlas por un juego más activo y físico acompañado de socialización directa. El objetivo principal de nuestra investigación es estudiar el efecto del uso de estos dispositivos en el bienestar mental y físico, el patrón de sueño y los posibles efectos explicativos que se derivarían. Para abordar el análisis, comparamos la modelización propuesta con los microdatos proporcionados por la versión 2017 de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud en España. Ejecutamos una serie de modelos de regresión de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios MCO, obteniendo información significativa sobre los efectos y con ella sobre los riesgos que el uso excesivo de estos dispositivos pudiese estar infligiendo en niños y adolescentes en España. Como resultado principal, hemos contrastado con los datos y la modelización que las personas que usan estos dispositivos con mayor intensidad tienen un mayor riesgo de padecer problemas de salud mental, han reducido significativamente sus horas de sueño y tienen una mayor probabilidad de sufrir problemas de salud física como obesidad

Working Hours Mismatch, Macroeconomic Changes, and Mental Well-being in Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah De Moortel ◽  
Olivier Thévenon ◽  
Hans De Witte ◽  
Christophe Vanroelen
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
World Health ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Gross Domestic Product Growth ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mental Well Being

This study explores the association between involuntarily working less or more than the standard workweek and poor mental well-being, and whether this relationship is dependent upon (changing) national-level unemployment and gross domestic product growth rates. Data from the European Social Survey Round 2 (2004–2005) and Round 5 (2010) were analyzed. The sample included 16,224 male and 16,184 female employees. Mental well-being was assessed by the World Health Organization Well-being Index. Three-level linear multilevel modeling was used to account for clustering of employees within research years and countries. Working involuntary long hours was positively associated with poor mental well-being for men. For women, working voluntary long, involuntary long, and involuntary short hours were positively associated with poor mental well-being. The mental well-being of women working voluntary and involuntary long hours was negatively influenced by deteriorating economic conditions. This study suggests women are more vulnerable to the effects of long working hours and working hours mismatch on mental well-being, especially during difficult economic periods.

scholarly journals MENTAL HEALTH: ESSENCE, MAIN DETERMINANTS, STRATEGIES AND PROGRAMS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Karamushka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Biopsychosocial Model ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Well Being ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ordinary Life ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual

The purpose of the study. Based on the study of foreign experience to analyze the essence of mental health, its main determinants, strategies and programs and to determine the features of the use of foreign approaches in Ukraine. The results of the study. The article analyzes the essence of mental health based on the analysis of foreign and domestic sources (documents of state and non-governmental organizations, scientific research), defines its role in the life of the individual, society and society. It is noted that according to the documents of the World Health Organization (WHO), mental health is an integral part of health, is a state of well-being in which a person realizes his abilities, can cope with ordinary life stresses, can work productively and effectively to help his community. The role of the biopsychosocial model for determining the determinants of mental health is revealed. It is emphasized that according to the biopsychosocial model, a person is a holistic organism in which biological, psychological and social factors are constantly interrelated, so the idea of ​​human health, causes of diseases and its care depends on the characteristics and condition of each of these factors. Government and non-governmental mental health strategies, general and specialized programs for the protection and promotion of mental health are analyzed in detail. It is emphasized that Ukraine needs to actively participate in the study, development and implementation of international standards on mental health in Ukraine, improving the culture of the population on this issue, attracting specialists in various fields (physicians, psychologists, social workers) to diagnose mental health problems and various professional groups , implementation of appropriate psychological support programs.

scholarly journals Acceptability and outcomes of transdiagnostic guided self-help bibliotherapy for internalizing disorder symptoms in adults: Results of a fully remote nationwide open trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Lorenzo-Luaces ◽  
Jacqueline Howard ◽  
Robinson De Jesús-Romero ◽  
Allison Peipert ◽  
John Buss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
World Health ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Internalizing Disorder

Doing What Matters in Times of Stress (DWM) is a transdiagnostic five-module guided self-help (GSH) intervention developed by the World Health Organization. %The original DWM included group guidance in-person. %It appeared efficacious in pilot trials and a cluster randomized-controlled trial. In a sample of individuals recruited from across the United States, we studied the feasibility and acceptability of an adaptation of DWM in which guidance was provided individually and remotely. We assessed internalizing symptoms, psychological well-being, work and social functioning, usability of the intervention, and emotion regulation over the course of six weeks. A total of 344 individuals started our baseline screening, and 215 completed it. Of those screened, 74% (n=159) qualified for the intervention. We reached most participants who qualified (67%, n=107) via phone to schedule a GSH session. Most of those scheduled attended a study session (84%, n=90), and most of those who attended a session completed more than half the treatment (83%, n = 75). Retention rates were comparable to meta-analytic estimates of dropout rates in GSH-CBT. Participants showed improvement on the K6, WHO5, WSAS, and ERQ subscales. Baseline acceptability on the SUS was high but did not improve over time. DWM is a freely available, seemingly efficacious transdiagnostic intervention for internalizing disorder symptoms.

scholarly journals Transport to School and Mental Well-Being of Schoolchildren in Ireland

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Költő ◽  
Aoife Gavin ◽  
Colette Kelly ◽  
Saoirse Nic Gabhainn
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Excellent Health ◽  
Hbsc Study ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mental Well Being

Objectives: We explored whether modes of transport (cycling, walking, public transport or private vehicle) between home and school are associated with mental well-being in children aged 10–17 years, participating in the Irish Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study.Methods: Scores on the World Health Organization Well-being Index and the Mental Health Inventory five-item versions, self-reported life satisfaction, happiness with self, body satisfaction, excellent self-rated health, and multiple health complaints of 9,077 schoolchildren (mean age: 13.99 ± 1.91 years, percentage girls: 52.2%) were compared across modes of transport, unadjusted and adjusted for gender, age, family affluence and area of residence.Results: Those who reported using public transport reported poorer mental well-being than those using other means of transport, but adjusting for sociodemographic variables obscured these differences. The only exception was excellent health, where children who cycled outperformed the other three groups, even after adjustment for sociodemographic variables.Conclusions: Cycling can improve well-being in children. However, in promotion of cycling, social and environmental determinants and inequalities which influence adolescents’ and their parents’ decisions on modes of transport, need to be considered.

scholarly journals Adaptation and cross-cultural validation of the Brazilian version of the Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson Jovelino Amaral dos Santos ◽  
Telma Aparecida da Costa ◽  
Juliane Honório Guilherme ◽  
Watusi Camila da Silva ◽  
Lilian Regina Lengler Abentroth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Semantic Equivalence ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Brazilian Version ◽  
Back Translation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Mental Well Being

Summary Objective: the Warwick-Edinburgh mental well-being scale (WEMWBS) was designed to assess the level of mental well-being of a population or specific groups. The scale consists of 14 items covering functional psychological aspects, as well as well-being. The final score is calculated by adding up the response of each item, ranging from 1 to 5, obtaining a result from 14 to 70 points. Methods: the procedure was developed in accordance with the protocol recommended by the World Health Organization covering translation, back translation, semantic equivalence, expert evaluation of the previous steps, pre-test and final version of the instrument. Following, the final version was applied to a sample of 122 individuals and the data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis, factor analysis, internal consistency and correlation with other validated instruments. Results: we performed the instrument's adaptation to the Portuguese spoken in Brazil, replacing terms to approximate the language to expressions of everyday life. The final version showed similar results to those from the original version, demonstrated by factor analysis, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.89) and positive correlation with instruments validated to the Portuguese language. Conclusion: the Brazilian version of the WEMWBS proved to be easy to use and understand, showed high internal consistency and construct validity similar to the original instrument.

The EPA Guidance Project: Guidance for Mental Healthcare in Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
I. Großimlinghaus ◽  
J. Zielasek ◽  
W. Gaebel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
World Health ◽  
Post Graduate Training ◽  
Health Organization

Summary Background: The development of guidelines is an important and common method to assure and improve quality in mental healthcare in European countries. While guidelines have to fulfill predefined criteria such as methodological accuracy of evidence retrieval and assessment, and stakeholder involvement, the development of guidance was not standardized yet. Aim: In 2008, the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) initiated the EPA Guidance project in order to provide guidance in the field of European psychiatry and related fields for topics that are not dealt with by guideline developers – for instance due to lack of evidence or lack of funding. The first three series of EPA Guidance deal with diverse topics that are relevant to European mental healthcare, such as quality assurance for mental health services, post-graduate training in mental healthcare, trust in mental health services and mental health promotion. Results: EPA Guidance recommendations address current and future challenges for European psychiatry. They are developed in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) European Mental Health Action Plan.

Study the Anatomy and Physiology of Body's Urinary System and Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) for the Design an Intelligent Alarm System for Monitoring of FMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Shirzadfar ◽  
Narsis Gordoghli
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
International Association ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
World Health ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Health Organization

In recent years, chronic medical problems have become increasingly prevalent. Chronic ‎illnesses challenge the view of life as a regular and continuous process, a challenge that has ‎important psychological consequences. The long duration of people suffering from these ‎diseases, the long process of treatment and the fact that there is no proper and definitive ‎treatment for most of these diseases and their associated complications have made chronic ‎diseases a detrimental factor in public health. According to the World Health Organization ‎‎(2006), the prevalence of chronic and non-communicable diseases is increasing in all countries, ‎especially developing countries, so that the major challenge for the health system in the present ‎century, is not living people, but better adapted to chronic illnesses and maintaining their ‎mental and social health and well-being Ed's life-threatening chronic physical illness.‎ Chronic pain is a pain that lasts longer than usual, and according to the criteria of the ‎International Association of Pain, this time is defined as at least 3 months to 6 months. Chronic ‎pain is such that not only faced the sick person whit the pressure of the pain but also with many ‎other pressure that affect different parts of her life. Fibromyalgia is one of the most rheumatologic disorders and one of the most resistant chronic ‎pain syndromes. Fibromyalgia is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders in adults ‎and chronic pain is one of the most common complaints in this group of patients.

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