Beyond bad apples, toward Black life: A re-reading of the implicit bias research

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-508
Author(s):  
Amanda M Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Implicit Bias ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Legal Outcomes ◽  
Legal Policies ◽  
Black Life ◽  
A Site

Increasingly, the death of Black individuals at the hands of the US legal system is interpreted in relation to the social science research on implicit bias. Having flourished in the past decade, this oft-cited framework for recognizing and eliminating anti-Blackness not only overwhelms the socio-legal and criminological scholarship, but also pervades political discourse and popular culture. Using as a site of study my own empirical research on implicit bias and Oregon prison sentences, I discuss problems related to the study of implicit bias and legal outcomes in the social sciences. Further, I examine common understandings of implicit bias research and the troubling application of these knowledges to legal policies and practices. In interrupting the current fascination with and use of implicit bias research, I turn toward “abolitionist pedagogy” in my interpretation of empirical evidence.

Disappointments and Legacies of Social Indicators

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Eleanor Innes
Keyword(s):  
Research Council ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social Indicators Movement ◽  
Science Research Council

The social indicators movement has been a disappointment to its originators. By the late 1970s, at least in the US, the great hopes for social indicators to become a major influence on public policy had been tempered. The outpouring of literature using the term ‘social indicators’ dwindled. Policy scientists turned their attention to other topics or found new labels for their interests. The Social Science Research Council closed its Social Indicators Research Center in Washington, DC and stopped publishing its newsletter. And in the US no annual social report seemed likely to be institutionalized. Many observers decided the social indicators movement was a failure.

scholarly journals A decade of antimicrobial resistance research in social science fields: a scientometric review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiahui Lu ◽  
Anita Sheldenkar ◽  
May Oo Lwin
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Social Science ◽  
One Health ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Science Field ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social

Abstract Background Though social sciences are expectedly instrumental in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR), their research on AMR has been historically lacking. Objectives This study aims to understand the current academic literature on AMR within the social science field by investigating international contributions, emerging topics, influential articles, and prominent outlets, to identify research gaps and future directions. Methods Bibliometric data of 787 peer-reviewed journal articles published in the period of 2010 to 2019 were extracted from the Social Science Citation Index in the Web of Science database. Bibliographic networks of the extracted articles were examined. Results Social science research on AMR has grown rapidly in the past 5 years. While western developed countries contributed the most to the field in the past decade, research within developing regions such as Asia and Africa have increased in the last 2 years. Social sciences have been contributing to AMR research in several different domains from surveillance and risk assessment of AMR, to promotions of appropriate use of antimicrobials in primary care and clinical settings. Though the idea of one health has been incorporated into research on AMR within the medical and microbial science fields, it has not been well recognized by social sciences. Conclusion Social science research on AMR is a new, while rapidly developing, research area that requires continued and intense global efforts from an interdisciplinary and one health approach. Research on social issues surrounding AMR transmissions between human, animal, and environments should be emphasized in the future.

scholarly journals Linkages Between Incarceration and Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8S-14S ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Massoglia ◽  
Brianna Remster
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Penal System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Functioning ◽  
The Us ◽  
Number Of Individuals

The dramatic expansion of the US penal system during the past 4 decades has led to an increase in adverse health conditions that affect an unprecedented number of individuals. This article first provides an overview of the literature on the immediate and lasting associations between incarceration and physical health, highlighting the diverse health conditions linked with incarceration, including health functioning, infectious disease, chronic conditions, and mortality. Next, we discuss potential explanations for the associations between incarceration and these health conditions, focusing on stress, contagion, social integration, and reintegration challenges. We then consider how medical and social science research can be combined to advance our understanding of these health conditions and suggest ways to reduce the negative association between incarceration and health, such as by improving prison conditions and medical care both inside prisons and after release.

Cross-Regional Approaches to Middle East Studies: Constructing and Deconstructing a Region

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Kurzman
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chapel Hill ◽  
The Social ◽  
The University ◽  
Middle East Studies

The Middle East is deconstructing—that is, the concept of a coherent geographic entity with the label “Middle East.” A Thematic Conversation on this subject began at the 2005 MESA Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C., and will conclude at the 2007 meeting in Montréal. These discussions grow out of efforts in the 1990s to rethink area studies globally, spurred by programs at the Ford Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, and the Social Science Research Council, among others. A variety of scholars have taken up these issues with regard to the Middle East specifically over the past decade, including the Carolina Center for the Study of the Middle East and Muslim Civilizations at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, which organized this Thematic Conversation.

scholarly journals Toward internationalization: A bibliometric analysis of the social sciences in Mainland China from 1979 to 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Shang ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Gunnar Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Noticeable Increase ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chinese Scholars

The past 40 years have witnessed profound changes in the international competitiveness of Mainland China’s scientific research. Based on publication data from Chinese researchers in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) from the Web of Science (WoS), this study aims to provide a bird’s-eye view of how social science research in Mainland China has internationalized over the past four decades. The findings show that the number of social science articles published by Chinese authors in international journals has experienced a noticeable increase, and the collaboration networks of researchers from Mainland China have broadened, with the number of articles with a Chinese first author showing a strong upward trend. In addition, findings show that Chinese scholars are published in a wider range of journals, and there has been a steady increase in their appearance in higher impact journals (influenced in part by certain journals). Finally, different social science disciplines show various degrees of internationalization . This study provides a broad view from which to examine the internationalization process in Mainland China’s social science landscape in the last four decades, while also noting some of the possible explanations for these changes, thereby deepening our understanding of social science research stemming from the region.

Culture: Knowledge of the People as Technology of Ethics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Zehfuss
Keyword(s):  
Social Science Research ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Us Army ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Practice Culture ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Military

This chapter explores how people came to be recognized as central to what the West calls counterinsurgency wars and how cultural knowledge came to be seen as central to war-fighting in line with the vision of ethical war. It examines the US Army and Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Manual as setting out how, in practice, culture matters and how it can be made useful to operations. Cultural knowledge therefore had to be made available to the military, and the so-called Human Terrain System (HTS) became the mechanism for doing so. The chapter discusses the notion that ‘the people’ were being made central and addresses the question of why social science research came to be seen as the right resource for militaries on deployment. It sets out in particular how the social sciences are seen to be able to deliver answers to questions of ethics, providing a problematic technology of ethics.

scholarly journals Toward internationalization: a bibliometric analysis of the social sciences in Mainland China from 1979 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Shang ◽  
Ying HUANG ◽  
Gunnar Sivertsen
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Social Science Citation Index ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Business Economics ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social

The past 40 years have witnessed profound changes in the international connectivity and competitiveness of Mainland China’s scientific research. Based on publication data about Chinese researchers in the Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) from the Web of Science (WoS), this study aims to provide a birds-eye view of how social science research in Mainland China has internationalized over the past four decades. The findings show that the number of social science articles published by Chinese authors in international journals has experienced a noticeable increase over the period and the collaboration networks of researchers from Mainland China have broadened, with the number of articles with a Chinese first author showing a strong upward trend. In addition, findings show that Chinese scholars are published in a wider range of journals and there has been a steady increase in their appearance in higher impact journals (influenced in part by certain journals). Finally, different social science disciplines show various degrees of internationalization, with Psychology and Business, Economics, Planning accounting for a high proportion of international collaboration articles, while the proportion of Mainland China-led articles and Q1 articles are relatively higher in the areas of Education, Media & Information, and Community & Social Issues. This study provides a broad view from which to examine the internationalization process in Mainland China’s social science landscape in the last four decades while also noting some of the possible underlying explanations for these changes, thereby deepening our understanding of social science research stemming from the region.

A Tale of Two Cultures

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Goertz ◽  
James Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scientific Worldview ◽  
Different Cultures

Some in the social sciences argue that the same logic applies to both qualitative and quantitative research methods. This book demonstrates that these two paradigms constitute different cultures, each internally coherent yet marked by contrasting norms, practices, and toolkits. The book identifies and discusses major differences between these two traditions that touch nearly every aspect of social science research, including design, goals, causal effects and models, concepts and measurement, data analysis, and case selection. Although focused on the differences between qualitative and quantitative research, the book also seeks to promote toleration, exchange, and learning by enabling scholars to think beyond their own culture and see an alternative scientific worldview. The book is written in an easily accessible style and features a host of real-world examples to illustrate methodological points.

Designing and Evaluating Survey Instruments for Research in Human Issues in Horticulture

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 554c-554
Author(s):  
Sonja M. Skelly ◽  
Jennifer Campbell Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Instruments

Survey research has a long precedence of use in the social sciences. With a growing interest in the area of social science research in horticulture, survey methodology needs to be explored. In order to conduct proper and accurate survey research, a valid and reliable instrument must be used. In many cases, however, an existing measurement tool that is designed for specific research variables is unavailable thus, an understanding of how to design and evaluate a survey instrument is necessary. Currently, there are no guidelines in horticulture research for developing survey instruments for use with human subjects. This presents a problem when attempting to compare and reference similar research. This workshop will explore the methodology involved in preparing a survey instrument; topics covered will include defining objectives for the survey, constructing questions, pilot testing the survey, and obtaining reliability and validity information. In addition to these topics some examples will be provided which will illustrate how to complete these steps. At the conclusion of this session a discussion will be initiated for others to share information and experiences dealing with creating survey instruments.

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