An examination of the evidence in culturally adapted evidence-based or empirically supported interventions

The current study surveyed 94 Japanese vocational rehabilitation (VR) professionals to determine their perceived self-efficacy, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and readiness to use evidence-based practice (EBP). VR counselors in Japan generally see the potential benefits of using EBP to improve psychosocial and employment outcomes of people with disabilities. However, responses related to knowledge and skills were mixed with higher confidence reported in the ability to understand basic concepts of rehabilitation research designs, methods, and statistics but less confidence in the use of research databases to find empirically supported interventions and in their ability to understand the best evidence information from systematic reviews/meta-analyses. Perceived barriers to EBP were identified, including lack of support for the use of EBP from colleagues and senior management in the agency and not having supervisors who are experienced in EBP. As expected, Japanese VR counselors also reported EBP was not effectively used in VR service delivery practices. Implications for practice, education, and professional development are discussed

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The Future of Positive Psychology

The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology, 3rd Edition ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199396511.013.69 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Rhea L. Owens

Keyword(s):

Positive Psychology ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Diverse Populations ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

The Future ◽

Empirically Supported Interventions

Over the last two decades, research about and applications of positive psychology have grown considerably. From identifying constructs, to developing complex theories, to establishing evidence-based and empirically supported interventions, positive psychology has moved from early inklings of visionary scholars to a recognized, established science among a community of students and professionals worldwide. This chapter discusses three emerging areas that bridge the advances to date with challenging, yet attainable, goals for the future of positive psychology: greater balance, greater attention to children and adolescents, and further expansion globally to diverse populations. Insights from leading scholars and their views on the future of positive psychology are shared as well.

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Implementation of Evidence-Based Practices in Intergenerational Programming: A Scoping Review

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2603 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 732-733

Author(s):

Shannon Jarrott ◽

Rachel Scrivano ◽

Nancy Mendoza ◽

Cherrie Park

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Age Groups ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Program Outcomes ◽

Post Secondary ◽

Intergenerational Programs ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Program Content ◽

Intergenerational Programming

Abstract Intergenerational programs facilitate mutually beneficial interactions between youth and older adults, achieving an array of outcomes. With few exceptions, implementation factors rarely figure into outcome analyses, though researchers frequently gather data on factors influencing outcomes. The resulting practice-evidence gap may deter wide-spread adoption of intergenerational programming. We conducted a scoping review of 35 peer-reviewed articles (2000-2019) to map key concepts and evidence sources of empirically-supported practices impacting intergenerational program outcomes. A scoping review is appropriate when an area is complex, like intergenerational programs that incorporate diverse participants, content, and goals. Primarily qualitative studies involved programs equally likely to involve young, school-age, or post-secondary age youth and independent or frail older adults. Half had sample sizes under 50, frequently measuring both age groups. Implementation practices included co-learning and sharing personal stories. Program content (e.g., technology) and greater exposure amplified outcomes. Rigorous implementation research is needed to advance evidence-based intergenerational practice.

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Review of A family-focused approach to serious mental illness: Empirically supported interventions.

Families Systems & Health ◽

10.1037/h0089561 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 449-450

Author(s):

Elliott J. Rosen

Keyword(s):

Mental Illness ◽

Serious Mental Illness ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Empirically Supported Interventions

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The process of culturally adapting the Healthy Beginnings early obesity prevention program for Arabic and Chinese mothers in Australia

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10270-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Marshall ◽

Sarah Taki ◽

Penny Love ◽

Yvonne Laird ◽

Marianne Kearney ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Obesity Prevention ◽

Cultural Adaptation ◽

Prevention Program ◽

Delivery Mode ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Cultural Adaptations ◽

Local Study ◽

Culturally Adapted ◽

Obesity Prevention Program

Abstract Background Behavioural interventions for the early prevention of childhood obesity mostly focus on English-speaking populations in high-income countries. Cultural adaptation is an emerging strategy for implementing evidence-based interventions among different populations and regions. This paper describes the initial process of culturally adapting Healthy Beginnings, an evidence-based early childhood obesity prevention program, for Arabic and Chinese speaking migrant mothers and infants in Sydney, Australia. Methods The cultural adaptation process followed the Stages of Cultural Adaptation theoretical model and is reported using the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications-Enhanced. We first established the adaptation rationale, then considered program underpinnings and the core components for effectiveness. To inform adaptations, we reviewed the scientific literature and engaged stakeholders. Consultations included focus groups with 24 Arabic and 22 Chinese speaking migrant mothers and interviews with 20 health professionals. With input from project partners, bi-cultural staff and community organisations, findings informed cultural adaptations to the content and delivery features of the Healthy Beginnings program. Results Program structure and delivery mode were retained to preserve fidelity (i.e. staged nurse calls with key program messages addressing modifiable obesity-related behaviours: infant feeding, active play, sedentary behaviours and sleep). Qualitative analysis of focus group and interview data resulted in descriptive themes concerning cultural practices and beliefs related to infant obesity-related behaviours and perceptions of child weight among Arabic and Chinese speaking mothers. Based on the literature and local study findings, cultural adaptations were made to recruitment approaches, staffing (bi-cultural nurses and project staff) and program content (modified call scripts and culturally adapted written health promotion materials). Conclusions This cultural adaptation of Healthy Beginnings followed an established process model and resulted in a program with enhanced relevance and accessibility among Arabic and Chinese speaking migrant mothers. This work will inform the future cultural adaptation stages: testing, refining, and trialling the culturally adapted Healthy Beginnings program to assess acceptability, feasibility and effectiveness.

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Empirically Supported Psychological Treatments: EMDR

The Oxford Handbook of Traumatic Stress Disorders ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195399066.013.0031 ◽

2012 ◽

pp. 448-462

Author(s):

C. Richard Spates ◽

Sophie Rubin

Keyword(s):

Mechanism Of Action ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Future Research ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Psychological Treatments ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Theoretical Mechanism ◽

Effectiveness Trials ◽

Empirical Foundation

In this chapter we review the empirical foundation for Eye Movement Desensitization and Reproessing Therapy (EMDR) for posttraumatic stress disorder. We present a brief description of the therapy, critically review recent primary and meta-analytic investigations concerning its efficacy and effectiveness, offer a summary of recent primary investigations that addressed the mechanism of action for EMDR, and based on this overall review, we suggest limitations with recommendations for future research. Recent empirical investigations of the efficacy of EMDR have improved along a number of important dimensions, and these along with the few completed effectiveness trials, position this therapy among evidence-based frontline interventions for PTSD. What is less thoroughly researched, and thus less well understood, are putative models of its theoretical mechanism of action. In addition to continuing specific improvements in research concerning efficacy and effectiveness, we recommend more and higher quality empirical studies of its mechanism of action.

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Need to Culturally Adapt and Improve Access to Evidence-Based Psychosocial Interventions for Canadian South-Asians: A Call to Action

Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health ◽

10.7870/cjcmh-2019-016 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Farooq Naeem ◽

Tasneem Khan ◽

Kenneth Fung ◽

Lavanya Narasiah ◽

Jaswant Guzder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Emotional Health ◽

South Asians ◽

Psychosocial Interventions ◽

Health Problems ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Psychosocial Determinants ◽

Culturally Adapted ◽

Cognitive Behaviour

Research into social determinants of mental and emotional health problems highlighted the need to understand the cultural factors. Mental health of immigrants is influenced by a variety of cultural, psychological, social, and economic factors. There is some evidence to suggest that South Asian people have higher rates of mental and emotional health problems than the rest of the Canadian population. Limited research also suggests that psycho-social factors are highly likely to be responsible for these high rates of mental health problems. These psychosocial factors may be impeding access and engagement with the services. These socially determined emotional and mental health problems are more likely to respond to psychosocial interventions than biological treatments. Evidence-based psychosocial interventions such as Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) might offer the way forward. CBT can be offered in a low-cost, low intensity format in a variety of settings, thus addressing the attached stigma. However, these interventions need to be culturally adapted, as these are underpinned by a Western value system. CBT has been culturally adapted and found to be effective in this group elsewhere. This opinion paper describes the need to enhance research on psychosocial determinants of the mental and emotional health problems, status, and the psychosocial determinants of health amongst South Asians in Canada to inform our understanding of the cultural specificity of psychosocial interventions.

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Construction and Validation of the Clinical Judgment Skill Inventory: Clinical Judgment Skill Competencies That Measure Counselor Debiasing Techniques

Rehabilitation Research Policy and Education ◽

10.1891/2168-6653.29.1.27 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 27-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bryan S. Austin ◽

Michael J. Leahy

Keyword(s):

Factor Analysis ◽

Clinical Judgment ◽

Cognitive Complexity ◽

Survey Design ◽

Rehabilitation Counseling ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Cultural Bias ◽

Self Report ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Empirically Supported

Purpose:To construct and validate a new self-report instrument, the Clinical Judgment Skill Inventory (CJSI), inclusive of clinical judgment skill competencies that address counselor biases and evidence-based strategies.Method:An Internet-based survey design was used and an exploratory factor analysis was performed on a sample of rehabilitation counselor educators’ (n= 126) ratings of clinical judgment skill importance for effective rehabilitation counseling practice.Results:New knowledge of 7 empirically supported clinical judgment skill areas of debiasing techniques (scientific attitude, cultural bias, cognitive complexity, memory bias, confirmatory bias, negative bias, and evidence-based practice) was generated.Conclusion:The 35-item CJSI has initial empirical evidence to support its reliability and validity and to assess clinical judgment skill competencies (debiasing techniques) of master’s students in rehabilitation counseling programs. However, follow-up studies and use of confirmatory factor analysis are needed to further test and substantiate the CJSI’s content and construct validity.

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Threats to Belonging Threaten Health: Policy Implications for Improving Physical Well-Being

Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1177/2372732217747005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 90-97

Author(s):

Lisa M. Jaremka ◽

Naoyuki Sunami

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Well Being ◽

Marital Distress ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Human Beings ◽

Physiological Mechanisms ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Empirically Supported ◽

Human Need ◽

Empirically Supported Interventions

Human beings have an innate need to form caring social bonds and be loved by others. Thwarting this basic human need should have negative health consequences. This article begins by reviewing empirical evidence linking belonging threats to concrete health outcomes and medical conditions. Next, alterations in immune function and appetite regulation are examined as two peripheral physiological mechanisms that partially explain how threats to belonging impact health. Empirically supported interventions that attenuate threats to belonging are also discussed. Throughout, the article focuses on loneliness, marital distress, and lack of perceived social support as three indices of belonging threats because they are commonly studied in the health context. Improving belonging, via reducing loneliness and marital distress and increasing social support, should thus be a focus for policy makers.

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