scholarly journals Developing a Mental Health Measurement Strategy to Capture Psychological Problems among Lower Caste Adolescent Girls in Rural, South India

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Mazzuca ◽  
Dawood Nagarchi ◽  
Satyanarayana Ramanaik ◽  
T Raghavendra ◽  
Prakash Javalkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
South India ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Health Measurement ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Cultural Validity

Adolescent girls vulnerable to early marriage and school dropout in rural India may be at elevated risk of psychosocial problems. However, few screening instruments have been culturally adapted and validated to measure this risk. This paper describes the process by which the Primary Health Questionnaire PHQ-9, a screening instrument for depression, was tested for cultural validity as part of the Samata evaluation – an intervention to support low caste adolescent girls in rural south India to attend and complete secondary school and to delay marriage until adulthood. Three focus groups discussions (FGDs) were held with 20 adolescent girls and six outreach workers of the Samata programme in rural north Karnataka, south India. The FGDs were used to explore local expressions of psychosocial problems and to understand the acceptability and appropriateness of PHQ-9 items. A thematic content analysis was conducted on the transcripts of the FGDs. Descriptions of local expressions of psychosocial problems generally matched the items on the PHQ-9. However, not all representations of psychological symptoms were captured by this tool. Persistent worry, loneliness and isolation, and externalised behaviours were also described by participants as common expressions of psychosocial distress. Based on the limitations of translation methods, local stakeholders must be involved in evaluating the cultural appropriateness of mental health screening tools. The current research demonstrates a strategy by which to assess the cultural validity of Western psychiatric instruments with key stakeholders in low- and middle-income settings.

scholarly journals CLINICAL PROFILE OF ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH GYNAECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS IN RURAL SOUTH INDIA

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
NULAKATHATI VANI ◽  
NISHADHAM SRAVANI ◽  
THIPPESWAMY RAMYA ◽  
MOHANRAJ RATHINAVELU ◽  
MEKALA JYOTHI SUCHITRA
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
South India ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Menstrual Disorder ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Menstrual Hygiene ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Objective: The purpose of the six months observational study is to evaluate the gynaecological problems of the adolescent girls, attending the gynaecological outpatient department of a secondary care referral healthcare facility in rural south India. Methods: After ethical clearance, adolescent girls in the age group of 10-19 y having gynaecological problems, who had experienced at least 3 consecutive menstrual cycles, and who showed willingness towards study were included; and adolescent girls in 10-19 y age group having a pregnancy and its complications were excluded. Results: Out of 161 adolescent girls, 46.01% belong to late adolescence with more distribution of gynaecological problems. The gynaecological problems majorly observed were menstrual disorder 59.63%, abdominal pain (11.18%), white discharge per vagina (9.94%), and 8.07% of heavy menstrual bleeding. The menstrual disorder complained with amenorrhea 40.63%, polymenorrhea 18.75%, and menorrhagia 16.67%. In our study, 26.09% and 32.3% of adolescent girls were anaemic and underweight, respectively. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study showcased evidently that young adolescent girls are at higher risk of both gynaecological problems and menses disorders in the rural setting; for whom more amount of awareness to be parented and education of menstrual hygiene and hemodynamic effects has to be culminated through health education, for a future healthier nation.

Effect of mode of administration on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in the South Indian population: A comparative study on self-administered and interviewer-administered scores (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep Badiya ◽  
Sasidhar Siddabattuni ◽  
Debarshi Dey ◽  
Akkamahadevi C Hiremath ◽  
Raj Lakshmi Nalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
South India ◽  
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Mode Of Administration ◽  
South Indian

BACKGROUND Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) is a validated screening tool widely used to assess perinatal depression (PND). However, due to stigma associated with PND, respondents could answer sensitive questions differently depending on the mode of administration, especially in culturally and linguistically diverse country like India. The present study explored longitudinal differences in EPDS scores between self-administered and interviewer-administered modes OBJECTIVE The main objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in EPDS administration between the self-administered and interviewer-administered modes, a longitudinal observational study to understand and improve the test score interpretation. The present study explores differences in EPDS scores in assessing PND longitudinally, comparing self and interview-based modes of EPDS administration in perinatal women of rural South India METHODS 177 women from rural South India were administered EPDS, self-administration followed by interviewer-administered for four visits, twice each during prenatal and postnatal visits. EPDS scores were compared between the two modes descriptively, graphically and by repeated mixed measure models. Classification of antenatal depression (AD), postnatal depression (PD) and PND based on the two modes were compared by McNemar Chi-square test. Clinical and psychosocial characteristics were examined to identify factors associated with differences in the scoring modes. Concordance rates and Goodman Kruskal’s Gamma coefficients were measured for individual EPDS items. RESULTS Longitudinal EPDS scores and rates of AD, PD and PND were significantly higher in self-administered mode. Recent adverse life events were the only factor observed to be significantly associated with the differences between the two modes. Rank correlation and concordance rates suggested stronger association for EPDS items relating to anhedonia subscale and moderate/weaker association for EPDS items relating to anxiety/depression subscales. CONCLUSIONS Our study findings suggest that the effect of mode of administration should be taken into account while using PND screening tools such as EPDS, especially in countries such as India with higher levels of illiteracy. CLINICALTRIAL The study was registered with the Clinical Trials Registry of India, registration no. CTRI/2017/11/010497 and was conducted from October 2017 to May 2019.

Predictors of Access to Mental Health Care Services Among Persons with Severe Mental Disorders: A Community-Based Study from Rural South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Vijaya Raghavan ◽  
Aishwarya Gonzalez Cherubal ◽  
Sujit John ◽  
Kotteswara Rao ◽  
R. Padmavati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
South India ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Care Services

Background: Various factors are associated with access to care among patients with severe mental disorders (SMD). The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of access to care among patients with SMD in rural south India. Methods: The study was conducted in Pudukkottai district of Tamil Nadu, India. After screening and confirmation of SMD by community level workers and trained mental health workers, participants were classified as those who have at some time sought treatment and those who have never accessed mental health care services. Results: Among 422 participants with SMD, 74% had at some point in time accessed mental health care services. Logistic regression showed education asthe predictor of access to mental health care services among patients with severe mental disorders. Conclusion: Improving education and awareness on the mental illness and its treatment options will help the patients with mental illness to seek care early leading to favorable outcomes.

scholarly journals Predictors of Access to Mental Health Care Services Among Persons with Severe Mental Disorders: A Community-Based Study from Rural South India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Vijaya Raghavan ◽  
Aishwarya Gonzalez Cherubal ◽  
Sujit John ◽  
Kotteswara Rao ◽  
R. Padmavati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
South India ◽  
Severe Mental Disorders ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Care Services

Background: Various factors are associated with access to care among patients with severe mental disorders (SMD). The aim of this study was to identify the predictors of access to care among patients with SMD in rural south India. Methods: The study was conducted in Pudukkottai district of Tamil Nadu, India. After screening and confirmation of SMD by community level workers and trained mental health workers, participants were classified as those who have at some time sought treatment and those who have never accessed mental health care services. Results: Among 422 participants with SMD, 74% had at some point in time accessed mental health care services. Logistic regression showed education asthe predictor of access to mental health care services among patients with severe mental disorders. Conclusion: Improving education and awareness on the mental illness and its treatment options will help the patients with mental illness to seek care early leading to favorable outcomes.

Determinants of Mental Health of Adolescent Girls in Pune City

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Pranita Rajaram Jagtap ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Adolescent Girls

Determinant Factors And Health Implications Of Early Marriage On The Girl Child In Otuan Community Bayelsa State Of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Letticia Ikiomoye Beredugo ◽  
Awoniyi Babafemi Adeyanju ◽  
Maureen Bunadoumene Nkamare ◽  
Binaebi Amabebe
Keyword(s):  
Peer Group ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Child Marriage ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Excessive Bleeding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Girl Child ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Determinant Factors

The practice of early marriage for women remains rampant in developing nations around the world today, and it is a major problem contributing to maternal ill health and death in Nigeria. It has consequence on both social and health of not only the girl child but the children born to these young mothers. The aim of the study is to identify the determinant factors and health implications of early marriage on the girl-child in Otuan Community, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A descriptive study was done using a descriptive cross-sectional survey type of design, One hundred and thirteen (113) respondents were recruited for the study. A self-developed pilot tested questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The instrument was face validated by three experts in the field of Nursing and research; reliability was established using the test retested method and a retest coefficient of 0.82 was arrived at; and data generated were analysed. The study found that; majority of the respondents identified poverty/economic hardship, tradition and culture of the people, area of settlement, peer group and parental neglect as determinant factors that influences early girl-child marriage. The respondents also identified maternal and infant death, sexually transmitted diseases, child disability, prolonged sickness after birth and psychosocial problems as health implication of early girl-child marriage. The study further revealed that the girls had experienced excessive bleeding, anaemia, and prolonged/obstructed labour as complications during pregnancy. The study found that increased educational attainment among girls, risks, change of cultural norms that support early child marriage, and provision of economic opportunities for girls and their families as ways of preventing early girl-child marriage. it is recommended that proper education of girls and parents on the associated risk of early girl-child marriage and formulation of laws and policies to protect adolescent is advocated.

scholarly journals A machine learning approach for predicting suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Macalli ◽  
Marie Navarro ◽  
Massimiliano Orri ◽  
Marie Tournier ◽  
Rodolphe Thiébaut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
One Year

AbstractSuicidal thoughts and behaviours are prevalent among college students. Yet little is known about screening tools to identify students at higher risk. We aimed to develop a risk algorithm to identify the main predictors of suicidal thoughts and behaviours among college students within one-year of baseline assessment. We used data collected in 2013–2019 from the French i-Share cohort, a longitudinal population-based study including 5066 volunteer students. To predict suicidal thoughts and behaviours at follow-up, we used random forests models with 70 potential predictors measured at baseline, including sociodemographic and familial characteristics, mental health and substance use. Model performance was measured using the area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), sensitivity, and positive predictive value. At follow-up, 17.4% of girls and 16.8% of boys reported suicidal thoughts and behaviours. The models achieved good predictive performance: AUC, 0.8; sensitivity, 79% for girls, 81% for boys; and positive predictive value, 40% for girls and 36% for boys. Among the 70 potential predictors, four showed the highest predictive power: 12-month suicidal thoughts, trait anxiety, depression symptoms, and self-esteem. We identified a parsimonious set of mental health indicators that accurately predicted one-year suicidal thoughts and behaviours in a community sample of college students.

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