Development on ultimate strength equation of ferritic stainless steel (STS430) two-bolted connection

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1209-1223 ◽  
Author(s):  
TaeSoo Kim ◽  
BoKyung Hwang ◽  
YoungChul Lim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Bolted Connections ◽  
Bolted Connection ◽  
Block Shear ◽  
Factor C

This article presents the experimental and numerical results of cold-formed ferritic stainless steel (STS430) bolted connection with two bolts. Single-shear bolted connections with varying end distance were planned and tested. Block shear fracture and curling (out-of-plane deformation) were observed in specimens. Finite element analysis was performed to investigate the conditions for curling occurrence and the curling effect on the ultimate strength of ferritic stainless steel bolted connections with extended end distances and edge distances varying from 24 to 60 mm. Curling occurred for bolted connections with end distances exceeding 39 mm and edge distances exceeding 30 mm. Ultimate strength of curled specimens was reduced up to 33% compared to the ultimate strength of uncurled connection. Since current design equations do not consider the curling effect and the difference in material properties, they did not provide accurate ultimate strength predictions of specimens with typical block shear fracture and curling occurrence. Therefore, a modified block shear equation was suggested for ferritic stainless steel bolted connection with typical block shear fracture mode, considering the actual fracture path and shear stress factor. A revised equation was also proposed for specimens with strength reduction by curling influence, considering the concepts of bearing action against connected plate by bolt (bearing factor, C = 1.6) and net-section tensile fracture between two bolts perpendicular to the direction of the applied force. Moreover, additional experiments for six specimens were performed and the reliability of the two suggested equations in this study was verified.

Block Shear Behaviours of Stainless Steel Channel Bolted Joints with Four Bolts

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Soo Kim ◽  
Min Seong Kim ◽  
S.H. Kim ◽  
Y.T. Lee ◽  
S.W. Shin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Bolted Connection ◽  
Block Shear ◽  
Plane Plate ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
End Distance ◽  
Bolt Arrangement

The introduction of thin-walled stainless steel in buildings has been increased gradually for ensuring the sustainability thanks to excellent corrosion resistance and durability. Many studies on structural behaviors of stainless steel bolted connection fabricated with plane plate have been carried out. This paper is aimed at investigating the ultimate behaviors such as ultimate strength, fracture mode and out of plane deformation(i.e. curling) of channel bolted connection of cold-formed austenitic stainless steel with four bolts (2×2 bolt arrangement). End distance parallel to the direction of applied force is adopted as main variables. Specimens are planned with block shear fracture in ultimate state. In case of bolted connections with a long end distance, curling has also been observed. Ultimate strengths by test results are compared with those of current ASCE design specification and the influence of curling on ultimate strength is discussed.

Structural Behaviours and Curling Influence of Single Shear Cold-Formed Ferritic Stainless Steel Bolted Connections Fastened with Two Bolts

2013 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Soo Kim ◽  
Geun Beom Chae
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Bolted Connection ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
End Distance ◽  
Single Shear

Experimental studies for single shear bolted connection of cold-formed ferritic stainless steel fastened with two bolts (2×1 bolt array) and 3.0 mm thick plate has been performed by T.S. Kim etc. End distances parallel to the direction of applied force were considered as the main variables of specimens. Curling (out of plane deformation) was observed in bolted connection with 60mm end distance and it caused abrupt strength reduction. The purpose of this paper is to compare the analysis results with test results and investigate the curling influence on ultimate strength through numerical modelling. FE models with restrained curling were also simulated for strength comparison with the curled specimen. Therefore, the validation of finite element(FE) analysis in predicting ultimate strength and curling behaviour was verified and the strength reduction ratio by the curling was estimated.

A Numerical Study on Block Shear Strength of Channel Four-Bolted Connections Fabricated with Austenitic Stainless Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Soo Kim ◽  
Min Seong Kim ◽  
Seung Hun Kim ◽  
Yong Taeg Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Bolted Connections ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Block Shear ◽  
Structural Behaviors

Stainless steel has been utilized on structural members of building due to significant characteristics in its superior corrosion resistance, durability, aesthetic appeal etc. Recently, structural behaviors and curling effect in single shear bolted connection fabricated with thin-walled plane plates have been studied by T.S. Kim. In this paper, finite element analysis (FEA) has been conducted based on the existing test result of channel bolted connections in austenitic stainless steel. The validation of numerical approach was verified to predict the structural behaviors such as fracture mode, ultimate strength and curling occurrence of bolted connections. Curling (out-of- plane deformation) also occurred in the connections with a long end distance like bolted connections assembled with plane plates. The curling caused the ultimate strength reduction and ultimate strength reduction caused by curling has been estimated quantitatively through the comparison of FEA results of FE models with free edge and restrained curling. Additional parametric analysis for FE models with extended variables has been performed. Therefore, the ultimate strengths were compared with current design strengths and reasonable strength formulae for connections with no curling effect were proposed.

An Experimental Study on Ultimate Behaviors of Double Shear Bolted Connections with Ferritic Stainless Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 664 ◽  
pp. 976-979
Author(s):  
Tae Soo Kim ◽  
Min Seung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bolted Connections ◽  
Bolted Connection ◽  
Double Shear ◽  
Loading Direction ◽  
Constant Dimension ◽  
End Distance ◽  
Bolt Diameter

Based on the existing test results of single shear bolted connection fabricated with cold-formed ferritic stainless steel, in this study, the experiment for double shear bolted connections with bolt arrangements(1×2, 2×2) and end distance parallel to the loading direction as main variables has been performed. Specimens were planed with a constant dimension of edge distance perpendicular to the loading direction, bolt diameter, pitch and gauge. Ultimate strength and fracture mode obtained from test results were compared with those predicted by current American and Japan design codes such as AISI and AIJ.

Block Shear Behaviors of Angle Two-Bolted Connections with Austenitic Stainless Steel – Experiment and Finite Element Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Tae Soo Kim ◽  
Min Seung Kim ◽  
Sung Woo Shin
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Strength Reduction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bolted Connections ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Block Shear

Since stainless steel has significant characteristics such as its superior corrosion resistance, durability, aesthetic appeal etc., it has been utilized as structural members in buildings. Recently, ultimate behaviors and curling influence in austenitic stainless steel single shear bolted connections with thin-walled plane plates have been investigated by T.S. Kim. In this paper, finite element analysis (FEA) has been conducted based on the existing test results of angle bolted connections in fabricated with austenitic stainless steel. The validation of the numerical analysis prediction was verified through the comparison of test results for fracture mode, ultimate strength and curling occurrence. Curling (out-of- plane deformation) also observed in the connections with a long end distance. The curling caused the ultimate strength reduction and the ultimate strength reduction ratios (varied from 12% to 25%) caused by curling have been estimated quantitatively through the comparison of FEA results of FE models with free edge and restrained curling.

Finite Element Analysis on Structural Behaviours of Single Shear Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Bolted Connections with Two Bolts

2010 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 613-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Taeg Lee ◽  
Tae Soo Kim ◽  
Jin Seong Lim ◽  
Seung Hun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Bolted Connections ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
End Distance ◽  
Single Shear

The experimental research for single shear bolted connection of cold-formed stainless steel fabricated with two bolts (2×1 bolt arrangement) has been conducted by T.S. Kim etc. Plate thickness and end distance parallel to the direction of loading was considered as main variables. It is found that the curling occurred easily in bolted connections with a long end distance and thinner plate. In this paper, finite element analysis study has been performed in order to compare test results with the predicted results and to investigate in detail the ultimate strength and curling influence. Finite element analysis(FEA) procedures also were introduced. FE models of connections with restrained out of plane deformation were also simulated for comparison with the curled models. Therefore, the validation of FEA in predicting ultimate strength and curling behavior was verified and the strength reduction ratio caused by curling was estimated.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Base Metal Block Shear Strength of Ferritic Stainless Steel Welded Connection

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4220 ◽  
Author(s):  
SimChul Yuk ◽  
WooRam An ◽  
BoKyung Hwang ◽  
TaeSoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Base Metal ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Shear Fracture ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Block Shear ◽  
Current Design ◽  
Welded Connection ◽  
Metal Block

This study develops a finite element analysis model to predict the ultimate strength of the base metal block shear fracture based on previous experimental results and compares the experimental results with the analysis results to verify the effectiveness of the analysis model. This study also analyzed additional variables of the welding direction and weld length on the applied load to investigate the structural behaviors and fracture conditions. In addition, predicted strength according to the analysis results were compared with those by the current design equations, and the equations proposed by previous researchers. As a result, the design formula by the current design equations, such as Korea Building Code (KBC)/American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) and European Code (EC3), and the equations proposed by Oosterhof and Driver underestimated the base metal block shear strength of ferritic stainless steel by up to 42%. Equations suggested by Topkaya and Lee et al. for carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel welded connections provided more accurate strength predictions, while they did not reflect the difference of material properties. Therefore, this study proposed a modified strength equation for ferritic stainless steel welded connection with base metal block shear fracture considering the stress triaxiality effect of the welded connection and the material properties of ferritic stainless steel.

An Experimental Study on Structural Behaviours of Single Shear Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Bolted Connections with Two Bolts

2010 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Soo Kim ◽  
Min Seung Kim ◽  
Sung Woo Shin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Ultimate Strength ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Plane Deformation ◽  
Plate Thickness ◽  
Bolted Connections ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
End Distance ◽  
Bolt Arrangement ◽  
Single Shear

The application of stainless steel in buildings has been increased gradually with excellent life cycle cost for ensuring the sustainability in structures for the reduction of green house gas emission. Especially, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the structural behaviors such as ultimate strength, fracture mode and out of plane deformation, i.e., curling of single shear bolted connection of cold-formed austenitic stainless steel with two bolts (2×1 bolt arrangement). Plate thickness and end distance parallel to the direction of applied force are considered as main variables. The curling was also observed in the bolted connections with a long end distance and edge distance as the previous researches. Curling occurrence resulted in the change of fracture modes in connections with same bolt arrangement and end distance and ultimate strength reduction.

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