Stress, sense of coherence and subjective health in adolescents aged 13–18 years

Background: This study investigated the relationships between sex, age, stress and sense of coherence (SOC) and each of self-rated health (SRH) and subjective health complaints (SHCs) in adolescents. Methods: The study was based on a cross-sectional sample of 1239 adolescents aged 13–18 years. The participants reported scores on a questionnaire, including 12 items assessing SHC, the 13-item version of the Orientation to Life Questionnaire and the 30-item Adolescent Stress Questionnaire. Data were analysed with descriptive, comparative and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. Results: Boys scored significantly higher on SRH than girls, whereas girls scored higher on SHCs. In the multivariate model, stress was significantly associated with SHCs, but not with SRH. SOC was significantly positively related to SRH and negatively related to SHC; the associations were significantly stronger for girls than for boys. A significant moderation effect (protective role) of SOC was found on the relation between stress and SHC. Conclusions: No causal conclusion was possible, but the findings may be used as a basis for further investigation of the role of stress and SOC in longitudinal studies and intervention studies.

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Sense of Coherence in Association with Stress Experience and Health in Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17093003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 3003 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Unni Karin Moksnes ◽

Geir Arild Espnes

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

Subjective Health ◽

Mental Wellbeing ◽

Health Complaints ◽

Subjective Health Complaints ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Stress And Health

This study investigated the associations between sex, age, socio-economic status, stress, sense of coherence (SOC), and health (mental wellbeing, depressive symptoms, self-rated health, and subjective health complaints) in Norwegian adolescents aged 13–19 years. Furthermore, the study investigated the potential protective or compensatory role from SOC on the association between stress and health. Methods: The study was based on a cross-sectional sample of 1233 adolescents. Data were analyzed with descriptive, comparative, and multiple linear regression analyses. Results: Girls reported significantly higher scores on depressive symptoms and subjective health complaints than boys. Stress was significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms. SOC associated significantly with all outcome variables; and especially with mental wellbeing and depressive symptoms. Significant interaction effects of sex in combination with stress and SOC were found in association with depression and mental wellbeing. Associations were strongest for girls. Conclusion: The findings provided support for the significant role of SOC as a coping resource, especially in relation to adolescents’ mental health; weaker associations were found with subjective health complains and self-rated health. The findings also mainly supported a compensatory role of SOC on the association between stress and health during adolescence.

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Job insecurity, sense of coherence and the general health of employees at a higher education institution in South Africa

Corporate Ownership and Control ◽

10.22495/cocv12i4c6p6 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 660-670

Author(s):

Sam T Setati ◽

Marius Stander ◽

Wilfred Isioma Ukpere

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

South Africa ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

General Health ◽

Job Insecurity ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Education Institution ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Higher Education Institution ◽

Cross Sectional

This study investigated the relationship between job insecurity, sense of coherence and general health of employees in a higher education institution in South Africa. A cross-sectional survey design was used. A random sample (n = 229) was taken from academic and non-academic staff members of the institution. The Job Insecurity Inventory, General Health Questionnaire and Orientation to Life Questionnaire were administered. The results showed that a negative relationship exists between job insecurity and general health, while a positive relationship exists between sense of coherence and general health. High job insecurity and a weak sense of coherence predicted ill health. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that higher education institutions should attend to job insecurity by communicating effectively with employees, in order to clarify expectations, and ensure support from supervisors. Developing the employees’ sense of coherence can positively impact on their wellness. Owing to the cross-sectional design of the study, no conclusions regarding causality was drawn.

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Abstract MP13: TRPM7 Downregulation Contributes To Cardiovascular Injury And Hypertension Induced By Aldosterone And Salt

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.76.suppl_1.mp13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Francisco J Rios ◽

ZhiGuo Zou ◽

Karla B Neves ◽

Sarah S Nichol ◽

Livia L Camargo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽

Protective Role ◽

Internal Diameter ◽

Resistance Arteries ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vessel Structure ◽

Cardiovascular Fibrosis ◽

Fold Activation

TRPM7 has cation channel and kinase properties, is permeable to Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , and Zn 2+ and is protective in the cardiovascular system. Hyperaldosteronism, which induces hypertension and cardiovascular fibrosis, is associated with Mg 2+ wasting. Here we questioned whether TRPM7 plays a role in aldosterone- induced hypertension and fibrosis and whether it influences cation regulation. Wild-type (WT) and TRPM7-deficient (M7+/Δ) mice were treated with aldosterone (600μg/Kg/day) and/or 1% NaCl (drinking water) (aldo, salt or aldo-salt) for 4 weeks. Blood pressure (BP) was evaluated by tail-cuff. Vessel structure was assessed by pressure myography. Molecular mechanisms were investigated in cardiac fibroblasts (CF) from WT and M7+/Δ mice. Protein expression was assessed by western-blot and histology. M7+/Δ mice exhibited reduced TRPM7 expression (30%) and phosphorylation (62%), levels that were recapitulated in WT aldo-salt mice. M7+/Δ exhibited increased BP by aldo, salt and aldo-salt (135-140mmHg) vs M7+/Δ-veh (117mmHg) (p<0.05), whereas in WT, BP was increased only by aldo-salt (134mmHg). Mesenteric resistance arteries from WT aldo-salt exhibited increased wall/lumen ratio (80%) and reduced internal diameter (15%) whereas vessels from M7+/Δ exhibited thinner walls by reducing cross-sectional area (35%) and increased internal diameter (23%) after aldo-salt. Aldo-salt induced greater collagen deposition in hearts (68%), kidneys (126%) and aortas (45%) from M7+/Δ vs WT. Hearts from M7+/Δ veh exhibited increased TGFβ, IL-11 and IL-6 (1.9-fold), p-Smad3 and p-Stat1 (1.5-fold) whereas in WT these effects were only found after aldo-salt. Cardiac expression of protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1A (PPM1A), a Mg 2+ -dependent phosphatase, was reduced (3-fold) only in M7+/Δ mice. M7+/Δ CF showed reduced proliferation (30%) and PPM1A (4-fold) and increased expression of TGFβ, IL-11 and IL-6 (2-3-fold), activation of Stat1 (2-fold), Smad3 (9-fold) and ERK1/2 (8-fold) compared with WT. Mg 2+ supplementation normalized cell proliferation and reduced protein phosphorylation in M7+/Δ CF (p<0.05). Our findings indicate a protective role of TRPM7 in aldosterone-salt induced cardiovascular injury through Mg 2+ -dependent mechanisms.

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Sense of coherence, coping and burnout of pharmacists

South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences ◽

10.4102/sajems.v5i1.2664 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 35-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. Basson ◽

S. Rothmann

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

Survey Design ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Positive Reinterpretation

People in almost any occupation could develop burnout. The objective of this research was to determine the relationship between sense of coherence, coping and burnout in a corporate pharmacy group. A cross-sectional survey design was used. The study population consisted of 67 pharmacists. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, Orientation to Life Questionnaire and COPE were administered. The results showed that sense of coherence is significantly related to emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment. Regarding coping strategies, mental disengagement was positively related to emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation, while positive reinterpretation and restraint coping were positively related to personal accomplishment. Sense of coherence and coping strategies explained 44 per cent, 35 per cent and 41 per cent of the variance in emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and personal accomplishment respectively.

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Differential Activation of Fetal Hofbauer Cells in Primigravidas Is Associated with Decreased Birth Weight in Symptomatic Placental Malaria

Malaria Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2019/1378174 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stephanie L. Gaw ◽

Bethann S. Hromatka ◽

Sadiki Ngeleza ◽

Sirirak Buarpung ◽

Nida Ozarslan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Placental Malaria ◽

Perinatal Outcomes ◽

Protective Role ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Macrophage Response ◽

Hofbauer Cells ◽

Infant Birth ◽

First Time

Background. Placental malaria is a leading global cause of low birth weight neonates, especially in first-time mothers. To better understand the role of innate immunity in placental malaria, we investigated the relationships between histopathological markers of placental malaria, fetal and maternal macrophage responses, and perinatal outcomes in a cross-sectional case control study of pregnant women presenting with symptomatic malaria at the time of delivery. Results. Primigravidas showed increased hemozoin deposition in placental villi (p=0.02), syncytiotrophoblasts (p=0.01), and fetal Hofbauer cells (p=0.01). The percentage of hemozoin-positive villi negatively correlated with infant birth weight (regression coefficient [b] = -0.03 kg decrease in birth weight per % increase in hemozoin-positive villi, p=0.035). Malaria-infected placentas showed a twofold increase in Hofbauer cells (p<0.001) and maternal macrophages (p<0.001). Placental malaria was associated with a threefold increase in the percentage of M2 maternal macrophages (19.2% vs 6.4%, p=0.01). Primigravidas showed a significant decrease in the Hofbauer cell M2-percentage in placental malaria (92.7% vs. 97.0%, p=0.04), which was predictive of infant birth weight (b=0.08 kg increase in birth weight per % increase in M2 Hofbauer cells, p=0.001). There was no association between maternal macrophage response and infant birth weights. Conclusions. Placentas with malarial infection had increased numbers of fetal Hofbauer cells in the villous stroma and maternal macrophages in the intervillous space. In primigravidas, decreased anti-inflammatory M2-type Hofbauer cells were predictive of lower birth weight. M2-type maternal macrophages were increased in placental malaria, but there was no association with gravidity or birth weight. These results suggested a protective role of M2 Hofbauer cells in fetal growth restriction.

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The effects of sensory-processing sensitivity and sense of coherence on depressive symptoms in university students

Health Psychology Open ◽

10.1177/2055102919871638 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 205510291987163 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kosuke Yano ◽

Takayoshi Kase ◽

Kazuo Oishi

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

University Students ◽

Sensory Processing ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Moderation Effect ◽

Sensory Processing Sensitivity ◽

External Stimuli ◽

The Relationship

Sensory-processing sensitivity differentiates individuals according to responsivity to internal and external stimuli. It has been positively correlated with depressive symptoms. Meanwhile, sense of coherence, an individual’s perception that stressors are comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful for their life, could improve depression. This cross-sectional study investigated the moderation effect of sense of coherence on the relationship between sensory-processing sensitivity and depressive symptoms in university students. Japanese students ( N = 430) participated in a questionnaire survey that assessed levels of sensory-processing sensitivity, sense of coherence, and depressive symptoms. The results showed that a strong sense of coherence moderated the relationship between sensory-processing sensitivity and depressive symptoms in university students.

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Long term sick leave, subjective health complaints and sense of coherence, a cross-sectional study

Cogent Medicine ◽

10.1080/2331205x.2017.1308082 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 1308082

Author(s):

Hilde Stendal Robinson ◽

Camilla Coward ◽

Wenche S. Bjorbækmo ◽

Eva Langeland ◽

Albert Lee

Keyword(s):

Sick Leave ◽

Sense Of Coherence ◽

Subjective Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Complaints ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Subjective Health Complaints ◽

Cross Sectional

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Sense of coherence and its associations with psychosocial health: results of survey of the unemployed in Kaunas

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina45100105 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 45 (10) ◽

pp. 807 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mindaugas Stankūnas ◽

Ramunė Kalėdienė ◽

Skirmantė Starkuvienė

Keyword(s):

Sense Of Coherence ◽

Adult Population ◽

Psychosocial Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reported Health ◽

The Mean ◽

The Unemployed

Objective. To evaluate the associations between sense of coherence and psychosocial health among unemployed adult population. Material and methods. The data were collected during a cross-sectional study in 2005. There were 429 filled-in questionnaires received (response rate, 53.6%) from unemployed persons registered at the Kaunas Labor Market Office (Lithuania). For the assessment of the sense of coherence, a short 13-item version of the Orientation to Life Questionnaire was used. Long-term unemployment was defined as lasting 12 months or longer. Logistic regression was used to estimate the risk factors having influence on sense of coherence. The risk was evaluated using odds ratio (OR). Results. The mean score for sense of coherence was 56.6±11.2 (min, 13; max, 91). Significantly higher sense of coherence was found among the short-term unemployed as compare to the long-term ones. Analysis showed that sense of coherence was significantly higher in males, more educated and less materially deprived groups. The findings indicated that persons with depression, suicide intentions, more intensive alcohol consumption (after the job loss), poor self-reported health, feelings of loneliness and shame, and poor relations with family reported lower sense of coherence. The risk of low sense of coherence was significantly higher for females (OR=2.97) and the long-term unemployed (OR=1.81). Nevertheless, higher education (OR=0.73) and income (OR=0.83) were the factors that significantly improved sense of coherence. Conclusions. Sense of coherence was low among the unemployed in Kaunas. Sense of coherence was lower among the unemployed with negative psychosocial health characteristics in comparison to the unemployed with positive characteristics.

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Effects of concurrent training on physical health and performance

Comparative Exercise Physiology ◽

10.3920/cep170013 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 63-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. Jha ◽

S. Khurana ◽

K. Ali ◽

I. Ahmad ◽

S. Verma

Keyword(s):

Physical Health ◽

Intervention Studies ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Concurrent Training ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

And Performance ◽

Insight Into

The primary objective of this narrative review was to evaluate the current literature and to provide further insight into the role of concurrent training on various components of physical health or performance. Literature was obtained by electronic searches of databases using specific keywords. Combined effect of training sessions proved to be as beneficial as drug interactions. Results from cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies are reviewed and discussed with main focus on physical parameters, such as body composition, physiological parameters, molecular adaptation, athlete’s perspective, order of execution, interference phenomena and recovery. In conclusion, concurrent resistance and endurance training is an effective method for enhancing overall fitness as well as improving quality of life.

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Possible protective role of metformin therapy on colonic polyps in acromegaly: an exploratory cross-sectional study

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-20-0795 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 184 (3) ◽

pp. 423-429

Author(s):

M Albertelli ◽

E Nazzari ◽

A Dotto ◽

L F Grasso ◽

S Sciallero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Colonic Polyps ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Protective Role ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Acid Intake

Context Colonic polyps occur in 30–40% of acromegalic patients, increasing the risk of colon carcinoma. Although debated, there is emerging evidence that metformin may play a protective role in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with colonic polyps and its use in chemoprevention is currently explored. Objective Evaluate the prevalence of colonic polyps in acromegalic patients treated or not with metformin and explore its possible protective role. Design Exploratory cross-sectional study in two tertiary Italian referral centres. Met hods: Out of 153 acromegalic patients, we selected 58 patients (36–82 years; f: 33) who had at least one colonoscopy performed within the first 2 years of diagnosis. Presence of colonic polyps/cancer and related risk factors, current metformin and acetylsalicylic acid intake, disease duration, therapies for acromegaly, hormonal and metabolic parameters were assessed. Results An overall prevalence of 36% polyps was found. Based on the presence of polyps, we identified two groups, comparable for age, BMI, disease duration, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, GH and IGF-I levels. Of the patients with polyps (including three adenocarcinomas) only 24% were treated with metformin vs 57% of patients without polyps. Multivariate analysis confirmed a significant negative association between colonic polyps and metformin intake (OR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.06-0.77, P = 0.01), whereas no significant association was found between polyps and age (P = 0.10), overweight/obesity (P = 0.54), smoking (P = 0.15), acetylsalicylic acid intake (P = 0.99), disease duration (P = 0.96), somatostatin analogues treatment (P = 0.70). Conclusions These findings, though deriving from an exploratory study, could suggest a protective role of metformin on the development of colonic polyps in acromegaly, and need to be confirmed in an extended study population.

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