Design of a prospective follow-up study on early parenthood and smoking behaviour during pregnancy in Finnish primary healthcare

Aims: The primary aim of the study is to explore different factors affecting parents’ smoking behaviour, and especially how smoking may be connected with individual differences in the psychological process of becoming a parent. In the current paper, we present the study design together with basic information on the study population. Methods: The Central Satakunta Maternity and Child Health Clinic (KESALATU) Study is an ongoing prospective follow-up study in primary healthcare of the Satakunta region of southwest Finland. Families were recruited during their first maternity clinic visit between 1 September 2016 and 31 December 2019, and participation will continue until the child is 1.5 years of age. The study combines different sources and types of data: e.g. routine data obtained from primary healthcare clinic records, specific parental self-report data and data from a new exhaled carbon monoxide meter indicating maternal smoking. The data are collected using frequently repeated assessments both during pregnancy and postnatally. The methods cover the following areas of interest: family background factors (including smoking and alcohol use), self-reported parental–foetal/infant attachment and mentalization, self-reported stress, depression and quality of life. Results: 589 pregnant women and their partners were asked to participate in the study during the collection time period. The final study population consisted of 248 (42.1%) pregnant women and 160 (27.1%) partners. Conclusions: The new methods and study design have the potential to increase our understanding about the link between early parenting psychology, prenatal psychosocial risk factors and parental health behaviour.

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A Randomised Controlled Trial of Strategies to Prompt Attendance for a Pap Smear

Journal of Medical Screening ◽

10.1177/096914139500200408 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 211-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Jenny Bowman ◽

Rob Sanson-Fisher ◽

Catherine Boyle ◽

Stephanie Pope ◽

Sally Redman

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Pap Smear ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Self Report ◽

Health Clinic ◽

Control Group ◽

Screening Attendance ◽

Randomised Controlled

Objective – To assess the comparative efficacy, by randomised controlled trial, of three interventions designed to encourage “at risk” women to have a Pap smear: an educational pamphlet; letters inviting attendance at a women's health clinic; and letters from physicians. Methods – Subjects at risk for cervical cancer who had not been adequately screened were identified by a random community survey and randomly allocated to one of the intervention groups or a control group. Six months after intervention implementation, a follow up survey assessed subsequent screening attendance. Self report was validated by comparison with a national screening data base. Results – A significantly greater proportion of women (36.9%) within the group receiving a physician letter reported screening at follow up than in any other group (P =0.012). The variables most strongly predicting screening attendance were: age, perceived frequency of screening required, use of oral contraceptives, and allocation to receive the physician letter intervention. Conclusions – The relative efficacy of the GP letter in prompting screening attendance shows that this strategy is worthy of further investigation. There remains a need to examine the barriers to screening for older women, and to develop tailored strategies for this population.

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Follow-up Study of Unknowingly Pregnant Women Vaccinated Against Rubella in Brazil, 2001–2002

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey ◽

10.1097/ogx.0b013e3182439ea7 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 20-22

Author(s):

Rosa Castalia Soares ◽

Marilda M. Siqueira ◽

Cristiana Maria Toscano ◽

Maria de Lourdes S. Maia ◽

Brendan Flannery ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Follow Up Study

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The association between smoking behaviour patterns and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a long-term follow-up study among Finnish adults

The Clinical Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1111/j.1752-699x.2011.00266_5.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 6-7

Author(s):

Maria Hukkinen ◽

Tellervo Korhonen ◽

Kauko Heikkilä ◽

Jaakko Kaprio

Keyword(s):

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Pulmonary Disease ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Pregnancy outcomes of Q fever : Prospective follow-up study on Reunion Island

10.21203/rs.2.13655/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yoan Mboussou ◽

Julien Jaubert ◽

Sophie Larrieu ◽

Laura Atiana ◽

Florence Naze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Q Fever ◽

Acute Infection ◽

Reunion Island ◽

Phase 2 ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Réunion Island ◽

Acute Q Fever

Abstract Background Q fever has been associated with perinatal complications. We conducted a prospective follow-up study to assess both the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) associated with Coxiella burnetii infection and the contribution of Q fever to APOs. Methods Between May 1 and October 31, 2013, within the regional perinatal health care centre of Saint Pierre, Reunion island, we investigated unexplained miscarriages, stillbirths, preterm births or small-for-gestational age children. Seropositivity for C. burnetii antibodies was defined using indirect immunofluorescence for a phase 2 IgG titre ≥1:64. Acute Q fever was defined for a high phase 2 IgG titre ≥1:256 (compatible with recent or active infection) or the detection of C. burnetii genome in miscarriage products and placentas. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) for Q fever related APOs (taken as a composite outcome or individually) were assessed using Poisson regression models for dichotomous outcomes controlling major confounders. Results Over a 6-month period, 179 pregnant women suspected or diagnosed with an APO were investigated for Q fever, of whom 118 met the definition for an APO. Of these, 19 were seropositive and 10 presented a profile indicative of an acute infection. For three women with an acute Q fever, the chronology between the onset of infection, the APO (2 miscarriages, 1 preterm birth) and the seroconversion suggested causality in the pathogenesis. The cumulative incidence of Q fever related APOs was estimated between 2.2‰ and 5.2‰, whether causality was required or not. Both C. burnetii exposure and acute Q fever were independently associated with APOs (IRR 1.55, 95% CI 1.31-1.84; IRR 1.47, 95% CI 1.15-1.89, respectively). Conclusions In the endemic context of Reunion island, acute Q fever may lead to APOs. To limit the burden of Q fever on reproduction, pregnant women should be kept away from farms and avoid direct contact with ruminants.

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Treatment outcome of tubercular lymphadenopathy cases treated under dots: a five year follow up study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174600 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 4578

Author(s):

Rajendra P. Takhar ◽

Prateek Kothari ◽

Shanti K. Luhadiya ◽

Narendra K. Gupta

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Relapse Rate ◽

Treatment Completion ◽

Antitubercular Drugs ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Study Population ◽

Lymph Node Tuberculosis ◽

Population Treatment

Background: Treatment of tubercular lymphadenopathy consists of at least 6 months of therapy with antitubercular drugs as DOTS in India. Some studies recommend that extension of therapy for some time may lead to lesser recurrence and relapse. This study was planned to assess the outcome of DOTS therapy in lymph node tuberculosis (TB) cases treated under RNTCP and to find out the prevalence of relapse in these patients in southern Rajasthan.Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 275 cases of lymph node tuberculosis treated with DOTS under RNTCP. An immediate outcome of these cases was recorded and further traceable 81 patients were interviewed for long term outcome.Results: In our study population, treatment completion rate was 93.09%, defaulter rate was 4% and death reported in 3.7% (3/81) cases. We observed relapse rate of 9.1% after treatment completion. A total of 7.04% patients received extended treatment and none of them had relapsed during our follow up.Conclusions: Our study confirms that the efficacy of DOTS treatment is quite good in cases of tubercular lymphadenopathy but still requires review of programmatic strategy. An extension of antitubercular therapy is recommended because patients treated with DOTS had a little higher relapse rate in comparison to whom the treatment extended who had no recurrence and relapse.

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Imaginal Retraining Reduces Craving for Tobacco in 1-Year Controlled Follow-Up Study

European Addiction Research ◽

10.1159/000518678 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Josefine Gehlenborg ◽

Anja S. Göritz ◽

Steffen Moritz ◽

Thies Lüdtke ◽

Simone Kühn

Keyword(s):

Training Group ◽

Well Being ◽

Initial Study ◽

Smoking Behaviour ◽

Significant Group ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Term Efficacy ◽

Group Data

Introduction: Imaginal retraining is a self-help technique that adapts the principles of approach bias modification to the imagination. Imaginal retraining has been shown to reduce craving and addictive behaviours in 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on problematic alcohol consumption, overweight, and tobacco use. To date, there have been no studies evaluating the long-term efficacy of the intervention. The aim of the present study was to generate first hypotheses on the long-term efficacy of imaginal retraining in smokers in a controlled 1-year follow-up study. Materials and Methods: We recontacted the 345 participants who had taken part in an RCT on imaginal retraining for smokers 1 year later. The survey was carried out online and assessed craving for tobacco (primary outcome), smoking behaviour, well-being, and subjective appraisal. Individuals who applied the technique at least once during the previous year were categorized as the training group, whereas participants who never performed the training were categorized as the no-training group. Data were analysed using linear mixed models (LMMs). The study was preregistered as DRKS00021044. Results: The completion rate was 45.5%. Less than 40% used the intervention at least once in the previous 12 months. LMM analyses showed a significant reduction in craving for tobacco for the training compared to the no-training group after 1 year. No significant group differences emerged in smoking behaviour, depressive symptoms, or quality of life. Subjective appraisal of the intervention was favorable, similar to the initial study. Conclusion: The present study provides preliminary support for the long-term efficacy of imaginal retraining on craving for tobacco but not on smoking behaviour, highlighting the importance of multimodal treatment concepts in smoking cessation that target a variety of maintaining factors. Future studies need to investigate the long-term efficacy of the intervention in prospective RCTs that test alternative ways of conveying the technique to improve adherence.

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Simple Sari Cloth Filtration of Water Is Sustainable and Continues To Protect Villagers from Cholera in Matlab, Bangladesh

mBio ◽

10.1128/mbio.00034-10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Anwar Huq ◽

Mohammed Yunus ◽

Syed Salahuddin Sohel ◽

Abbas Bhuiya ◽

Michael Emch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Field Trial ◽

Chi Square ◽

Simple Method ◽

Filtration Method ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Household Water ◽

Study Population ◽

Original Field ◽

Village Women

ABSTRACTA simple method for filtering water to reduce the incidence of cholera was tested in a field trial in Matlab, Bangladesh, and proved effective. A follow-up study was conducted 5 years later to determine whether the filtration method continued to be employed by villagers and its impact on the incidence of cholera. A total of 7,233 village women collecting water daily for their households in Bangladesh were selected from the same study population of the original field trial for interviewing. Analysis of the data showed that 31% of the women used a filter of which 60% used sari filters for household water. Results showed that sari filtration not only was accepted and sustained by the villagers and benefited them, including their neighbors not filtering water, in reducing the incidence of cholera, the latter being an unexpected benefit.IMPORTANCEA simple method for filtering pond and river water to reduce the incidence of cholera, field tested in Matlab, Bangladesh, proved effective in reducing the incidence of cholera by 48%. A follow-up study conducted 5 years later showed that 31% of the village women continued to filter water for their households, with both an expected and an unexpected benefit that filtration had both a direct and indirect effect in reducing cholera (chi-square statistic of 1,591.94;P= <0.0001). Results of the study showed that the practice of filtration not only was accepted and sustained by the villagers but also benefited those who filtered their water as well as neighbors not filtering water for household use in reducing the incidence of cholera.

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