scholarly journals Rebels without a cause? ‘Criminals’ and fascism in The Authoritarian Personality

2020 ◽  
pp. 1468795X2097850
Author(s):  
Andreas Kranebitter
Keyword(s):  
Authoritarian Personality ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Psychoanalytic Literature ◽  
Depth Interviews

An important empirical basis for the interpretations of Theodor W. Adorno, Else Frenkel-Brunswik, Daniel J. Levinson and R. Nevitt Sanford in The Authoritarian Personality (TAP) were questionnaires and in-depth interviews conducted by William R. Morrow with prisoners at California’s San Quentin prison. A reconstruction of the historical approach exposes serious methodological shortcomings, some of which Morrow openly addressed in memoranda, revealing that the supposedly particularly authoritarian attitude of the prisoners was due, among other things, to their submission to the psychiatric authority in the authoritarian situation of the prison and due to the conditions of a hierarchical prisoner society. In TAP, the empirically inadequate survey was interpreted primarily in the context of psychoanalytic literature on crime at that time, in particular Robert Lindner’s Rebel Without A Cause, whose theory of pseudo rebellion permeated TAP. Focusing on the shortcomings of TAP, this article argues, enables its inspiring insights to be appreciated.

scholarly journals The Complexities of Victimhood: Insights from the Organ Trade

Somatechnics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gunnarson ◽  
Susanne Lundin
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Organ Trade ◽  
Depth Interviews

The aim of this paper is to explore the complexity of the concept of the victim within the context of organ trading. By examining the intricate phenomenon of organ trade, we show how prevailing notions of victimhood form the basis of concrete social practices. The empirical basis for this exploration comprises in-depth interviews conducted during fieldwork in South Africa and Kosovo. We also draw on research undertaken at various expert meetings. What our research in these locations attests to is that one-dimensional and generalised conceptualisations of victimhood are rife, and that these tend to be founded on a pre-theorised opposition between agency and victimhood. For persons who become practically and intimately involved in dealing with cases of organ trade – such as investigators and prosecutors – such conceptualisations do not hold. What is required is an understanding of victimhood that takes into account its complexity. In this paper, we explore attempts to grasp and reduce this complexity, and argue against generalised concepts of victimhood and for concepts that are sensitive to contextual and relational variations.

scholarly journals Risks in the Education System in the District Centers of Russian Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 837-843
Author(s):  
Natalya Valeryevna Levchenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Additional Education ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article analyzes the risks faced by educational institutions in Russian regions. The study reveals the state of education in the regions of the Russian Federation and changes that have taken place in the educational processes according to adopted innovations. The features of the educational process in educational institutions of Russian cities are shown. The empirical basis of the study includes in-depth interviews conducted in ten Russian regions with headmasters and teachers of district schools, teachers of additional education, representatives of cultural and recreational institutions, and representatives of district administrations. Teachers' attitude towards the risks that arise in the education system has been analyzed.

scholarly journals Women in Ukrainian politics (AR of Crimea as case study)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Martsenyuk ◽  
Dmytro Hutkiy ◽  
Tetiana Bureychak
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Gender Quotas ◽  
Opinion Survey ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Ukrainian Society ◽  
Autonomous Republic

The article offers analysis of gender relations in politics in the Ukrainian society, which is exemplified by the case of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.Public opinion survey of Crimean citizens and in-depth interviews with experts of national and regional levels have laid the empirical basis for the study.Involvement of women into politics of different levels along with the attitudes of Crimean citizens and experts towards women’s participation in politics have been examined. The paper also discusses a perspective of implementation of gender quotas as a possible way of the problem solving.

Understanding Why Older People Develop a Wish to Die

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Rurup ◽  
H. R. W. Pasman ◽  
J. Goedhart ◽  
D. J. H. Deeg ◽  
A. J. F. M. Kerkhof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Wish To Die ◽  
Open Coding ◽  
Death Wishes ◽  
Depth Interviews

Background: Quantitative studies in several European countries showed that 10–20% of older people have or have had a wish to die. Aims: To improve our understanding of why some older people develop a wish to die. Methods: In-depth interviews with people with a wish to die (n = 31) were carried out. Through open coding and inductive analysis, we developed a conceptual framework to describe the development of death wishes. Respondents were selected from two cohort studies. Results: The wish to die had either been triggered suddenly after traumatic life events or had developed gradually after a life full of adversity, as a consequence of aging or illness, or after recurring depression. The respondents were in a situation they considered unacceptable, yet they felt they had no control to change their situation and thus progressively “gave up” trying. Recurring themes included being widowed, feeling lonely, being a victim, being dependent, and wanting to be useful. Developing thoughts about death as a positive thing or a release from problems seemed to them like a way to reclaim control. Conclusions: People who wish to die originally develop thoughts about death as a positive solution to life events or to an adverse situation, and eventually reach a balance of the wish to live and to die.

A Multidimensional Theory of Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoon A. Leenaars ◽  
Gudrun Dieserud ◽  
Susanne Wenckstern ◽  
Kari Dyregrov ◽  
David Lester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidimensional Model ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Suicide Survivors ◽  
Background Theory ◽  
Independent Verification ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Interjudge Reliability ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Deceased People

Abstract. Background: Theory is the foundation of science; this is true in suicidology. Over decades of studies of suicide notes, Leenaars developed a multidimensional model of suicide, with international (crosscultural) studies and independent verification. Aim: To corroborate Leenaars's theory with a psychological autopsy (PA) study, examining age and sex of the decedent, and survivor's relationship to deceased. Method: A PA study in Norway, with 120 survivors/informants was undertaken. Leenaars' theoretical–conceptual (protocol) analysis was undertaken of the survivors' narratives and in-depth interviews combined. Results: Substantial interjudge reliability was noted (κ = .632). Overall, there was considerable confirmatory evidence of Leenaars's intrapsychic and interpersonal factors in suicide survivors' narratives. Differences were found in the age of the decedent, but not in sex, nor in the survivor's closeness of the relationship. Older deceased people were perceived to exhibit more heightened unbearable intrapsychic pain, associated with the suicide. Conclusion: Leenaars's theory has corroborative verification, through the decedents' suicide notes and the survivors' narratives. However, the multidimensional model needs further testing to develop a better evidence-based way of understanding suicide.

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