scholarly journals Exploring attitudes towards the archaeological past: Two case studies from majority Muslim communities in the Nile valley

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Näser
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
North African ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
African Archaeology ◽  
Sudan I ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Muslim Communities

There is a dearth of studies on intercultural dynamics in Southwest Asian and North African archaeology, not least since conventional narratives assert that present-day majority Muslim communities in these regions are not interested in the pre-Islamic past. In this paper I argue that, despite seemingly overcoming such positions, collaborative projects may actually exacerbate them through perceiving local communities as deficient, in need of being taught and re-united with “their” heritage. Using data from two current projects in Sudan, I explore actual motivations of local publics to engage with the archaeologically approachable past and the interests they voice vis-à-vis archaeological heritage. I suggest that emphasizing these dimensions effects a shift in how nonarchaeological partners in collaborative projects are conceptualized. This opens new ground for engagement, as changing perceptions impact on interactions and, in consequence, power relations between protagonists.

Incorporating Christian Communities in North Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 644-664
Author(s):  
Susan T. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
North African ◽  
Rural Churches ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The Face ◽  
Material Evidence

Christian communities in North Africa are attested in textual sources from the second into the tenth centuries. The material evidence for them, especially churches, is restricted to the fourth through the seventh centuries and is embedded in the Roman landscape. Case studies of the urban, small town, and rural churches at Ammaedara, Aradi, Henchir Sokrine, and Horrea Caelia demonstrate a North African tendency to incorporate martyria and baptisteries. Churches also embody and shape local communities of martyrs, saints, clergy, and laymen. Their archaeological histories emphasize the continuity and cohesion of Christian communities in the face of sectarian and political conflicts.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

scholarly journals Community-Based Conservation for the Sustainable Management of Conservation Conflicts: Learning from Practitioners

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7557
Author(s):  
Juliette Claire Young ◽  
Justine Shanti Alexander ◽  
Ajay Bijoor ◽  
Deepshikha Sharma ◽  
Abhijit Dutta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Snow Leopard ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Based Conservation ◽  
Strategic Support

We explore the role of community-based conservation (CBC) in the sustainable management of conservation conflicts by examining the experiences of conservation practitioners trying to address conflicts between snow leopard conservation and pastoralism in Asian mountains. Practitioner experiences are examined through the lens of the PARTNERS principles for CBC (Presence, Aptness, Respect, Transparency, Negotiation, Empathy, Responsiveness, and Strategic Support) that represent an inclusive conservation framework for effective and ethical engagement with local communities. Case studies from India, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, and Pakistan show that resilient relationships arising from respectful engagement and negotiation with local communities can provide a strong platform for robust conflict management. We highlight the heuristic value of documenting practitioner experiences in on-the-ground conflict management and community-based conservation efforts.

Past, Present, Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-47
Author(s):  
Claudia Näser
Keyword(s):  
Nile Valley ◽  
African Archaeology ◽  
Archaeological Practice ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
History Of

The objects and research fields of the archaeology of Nubia—the topics we pursue, the sources we consult, and the approaches we use in making sense of them—are historically and socially contingent constructs. Present-day knowledge about the Nubian past and the frame within which archaeological practice in the Middle Nile valley operates derive from a history of archaeological interest and work that spans almost two hundred years. They resonate with manifold influences, among which the colonial and imperial aspirations of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries are the strongest. Other dominant themes that permeate the archaeology of Nubia—indeed the construction of the entity “Nubia” as it is used today, also in the present publication—include Egyptocentrism, the divorce from a wider African archaeology, the concept and the practices of archaeological salvage, and the idea of universal heritage. After looking into these aspects, the chapter also deals with the transposition of the archaeology of the Middle Nile valley into the postcolonial present and the potentials and challenges it faces today.

Community-engaged medical education: helping to address child health and social inequality

2021 ◽  
pp. edpract-2021-322024
Author(s):  
Ravi Parekh ◽  
Arti Maini ◽  
Bethany Golding ◽  
Sonia Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Social Inequality ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Authentic Learning ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship

Medical education has a key role in helping to address child health and social inequality. In this paper we describe the rationale for developing a community-engaged approach to education, whereby medical schools partner with local communities. This symbiotic relationship enables medical students to experience authentic learning through working with communities to address local health and social priorities. Case studies of how such approaches have been implemented are described, with key takeaway points for paediatric healthcare professionals wanting to develop community-engaged educational initiatives.

scholarly journals The Dilemma of Lawlessness: Organized Crime, Violence, Prosperity, and Security Along Guatemala’s Borders

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Emily M. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Organized Crime ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Public Security ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Criminal Organizations ◽  
Narcotics Trafficking ◽  
Mass Murders ◽  
Illicit Trafficking

This book presents the reader with both facts and conclusions drawn from three case studies. Authors Ralph Espach, Daniel Haering, Javier Meléndez Quiñonez, and Miguel Castillo Giron focus on the lack of security along Guatemala’s borders and the serious narcotics trafficking, execution-style mass murders, and other severe public security issues that have developed as a result. This research looks closely at the effects of criminal organizations and illicit trafficking within the three particular border municipalities of Guatemala—Sayaxché, Gualán, and Malacatán. The three areas are compared demographically and economically, and through which a deeper analysis is developed on creating better border control through the behaviors of the local communities themselves.

Competing Visions of Parental Roles and Ideological Constraint

2006 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID C. BARKER ◽  
JAMES D. TINNICK
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Election Study ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
National Election Study ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
George Lakoff ◽  
Proper Power ◽  
Using Data

This paper explores the etiology of ideological constraint in the United States. In an effort to gain understanding of the ideational elements of political socialization, we concentrate on a provocative new theory put forward by cognitive linguist George Lakoff. Lakoff argues that many people reflexively envision proper power relations between citizens and government based on their understanding of proper power relations between children and parents: “nurturant” visions of parental roles engender egalitarian and humanitarian political values, whereas “disciplinarian” visions of proper parenting predict political individualism and traditionalism. Using data obtained from the 2000 National Election Study, we consider the empirical mettle of this account.

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