Incorporating Christian Communities in North Africa

2019 ◽  
pp. 644-664
Author(s):  
Susan T. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
North African ◽  
Rural Churches ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
The Face ◽  
Material Evidence

Christian communities in North Africa are attested in textual sources from the second into the tenth centuries. The material evidence for them, especially churches, is restricted to the fourth through the seventh centuries and is embedded in the Roman landscape. Case studies of the urban, small town, and rural churches at Ammaedara, Aradi, Henchir Sokrine, and Horrea Caelia demonstrate a North African tendency to incorporate martyria and baptisteries. Churches also embody and shape local communities of martyrs, saints, clergy, and laymen. Their archaeological histories emphasize the continuity and cohesion of Christian communities in the face of sectarian and political conflicts.

Key challenges in breeding durable disease-resistant cereals: North Africa and West Asia

2021 ◽  
pp. 873-920
Author(s):  
Sarrah Ben M’Barek ◽  
◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Tabib Ghaffary ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
The West ◽  
Disease Resistant ◽  
Rust Diseases ◽  
The Face

This chapter reviews progress and challenges in breeding disease-resistant cereals in the West Asia and North Africa (WANA) region. It discusses challenges in ensuring durable resistance in the face of constantly-evolving pathogen threats. It includes case studies on progress in combatting rust diseases in Iran and combatting Septoria in North Africa.

The Donatist Church in an Apocalyptic Age

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse A. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
North African ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Significant Aspect ◽  
The Face

This book explores how a schismatic ecclesiastical movement in Roman North Africa known as Donatism incorporated apocalyptic motifs into its literature. In contrast to previous assessments, it will argue that such eschatological expectations are not out of sync with the wider world of Latin Christianity in late antiquity, and that they functioned as an effective polemical strategy designed to counter their opponents’ claim to be the true church in North Africa. After examining how eschatological passages were interpreted by earlier North African Christians prior to the schism, the book will explore appeals to the apocalyptic chronologically during the first two centuries of its existence (roughly 300–500 CE). Two competing trajectories in particular will be noted: a “mainstream” hermeneutic which defined the dissident communion as a prophesied “remnant” which had remained faithful in the face of widespread apostasy, and the radical alternative proposed by the Donatist theologian Tyconius, who interpreted the schism as a symbolic foreshadowing of a still-future “separation” between the true church and the false brothers who currently reside within it. By exploring these and other instances of apocalyptic imagery within the dissident movement’s surviving literary corpus, it is possible to reveal a significant aspect of Donatist self-perception which has so far gone unexamined.

scholarly journals O Gênero Epistolar na Antiguidade: a importância das Cartas de Cipriano para a História do Cristianismo Norte Africano (século III d.C.) * The Epistolary Genre in Antiquity: the importance of Letters of Cyprian for North African History of Christianity...

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
CAROLLINE DA SILVA SOARES
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Third Century ◽  
North African ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Christianity ◽  
The City

<p><strong>Resumo: </strong>Ao nos debruçarmos nos estudos acerca do cristianismo antigo percebemos que algumas análises ainda se pautam numa leitura teológica e doutrinal e tendem a deixar de lado os aspectos político-administrativos e disciplinares da organização das comunidades cristãs, bem como o cotidiano dos cristãos nas <em>ciuitates</em> greco-romanas. As epístolas de Cipriano, bispo de Cartago entre os anos 249 e 258, nos dão importantes informações acerca da constituição das comunidades cristãs africanas e do cotidiano dos cristãos cartagineses de meados do século III d. C., sobretudo durante o período das perseguições dos imperadores Décio e Valeriano. Nosso objetivo nesse artigo é discutir as informações contidas nas epístolas de Cipriano como fontes primordiais para a percepção do processo de desenvolvimento do cristianismo no norte da África, especificamente na cidade de Cartago durante o século III, momento no qual a crença cristã ainda é considerada uma <em>religio illicita</em>.</p><p><strong>Palavras-chave: </strong>Cristianismo – Cipriano – Cartas – Cristãos – Norte da África.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>By examining studies about ancient Christianity we realize that some analyzes are still in a guided reading theological and doctrinal, and tend to leave out the political and administrative aspects of the organization and discipline of the Christian communities, as well as the daily life of Christians at <em>ciuitates </em>Greco- Roman. The Epistles of Cyprian, Bishop of Carthage between the years 249 and 258 , provides important information about the formation of the African Christian communities and the daily lives of Christians Carthaginians from the mid- third century A.D., especially during the period of the persecutions of the emperors Decius and Valerian. Our goal in this article is to argue the information contained in the epistles of Cyprian as main sources for the perception of the development of Christianity in North Africa, specifically in the city of Carthage during the third century, at which Christian belief is yet considered a <em>religio illicita.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Christianity – Cyprian – Letters – Christians – North Africa.</p>

scholarly journals Symposium on Middle East and North African (MENA) conflict. Part 1: An introduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Mansour-Ille ◽  
Hamid E Ali
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
North African ◽  
War Economy ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Crony Capitalism ◽  
Post War ◽  
War Power

Since their independence, countries across the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have witnessed subsequent waves of social and political conflicts. Armed and non-armed conflicts have almost become a defining feature of a region that has been struggling to find its own identity and a system that best represents its diverse communities and guarantees stability. Calibrated post-war power-sharing formulas of governance have produced authoritarianism, clientelism, elitism and a political post-war economy, where corruption, nepotism, injustice, and crony capitalism are rampant.

scholarly journals Exploring attitudes towards the archaeological past: Two case studies from majority Muslim communities in the Nile valley

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Näser
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Nile Valley ◽  
North African ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
African Archaeology ◽  
Sudan I ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Muslim Communities

There is a dearth of studies on intercultural dynamics in Southwest Asian and North African archaeology, not least since conventional narratives assert that present-day majority Muslim communities in these regions are not interested in the pre-Islamic past. In this paper I argue that, despite seemingly overcoming such positions, collaborative projects may actually exacerbate them through perceiving local communities as deficient, in need of being taught and re-united with “their” heritage. Using data from two current projects in Sudan, I explore actual motivations of local publics to engage with the archaeologically approachable past and the interests they voice vis-à-vis archaeological heritage. I suggest that emphasizing these dimensions effects a shift in how nonarchaeological partners in collaborative projects are conceptualized. This opens new ground for engagement, as changing perceptions impact on interactions and, in consequence, power relations between protagonists.

Transitions Within Queer North African Cinema

Screen Bodies ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter S. Temple
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Film Festivals ◽  
Global Awareness ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
North African ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
African Cinema ◽  
Queer Cinema

In recent years, North African queer cinema has become increasingly visible both within and beyond Arabo-Orientale spaces. A number of critical factors have contributed to a global awareness of queer identities in contemporary Maghrebi cinema, including the dissemination of films through social media outlets and during international film festivals. Such tout contemporain representations of queer sexuality characterize a robust wave of films in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, inciting a new discourse on the condition of the marginalized traveler struggling to locate new forms of self and being—both at home and abroad.

Megadrought and Collapse

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
Societal Collapse ◽  
The Face ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Paleoclimate Proxy ◽  
Habitat Tracking

This is the first book to treat the major examples of megadrought and societal collapse, from the late Pleistocene end of hunter–gatherer culture and origins of cultivation to the 15th century AD fall of the Khmer Empire capital at Angkor, and ranging from the Near East to South America. Previous enquiries have stressed the possible multiple and internal causes of collapse, such overpopulation, overexploitation of resources, warfare, and poor leadership and decision-making. In contrast, Megadrought and Collapse presents case studies of nine major episodes of societal collapse in which megadrought was the major and independent cause of societal collapse. In each case the most recent paleoclimatic evidence for megadroughts, multiple decades to multiple centuries in duration, is presented alongside the archaeological records for synchronous societal collapse. The megadrought data are derived from paleoclimate proxy sources (lake, marine, and glacial cores; speleothems, or cave stalagmites; and tree-rings) and are explained by researchers directly engaged in their analysis. Researchers directly responsible for them discuss the relevant current archaeological records. Two arguments are developed through these case studies. The first is that societal collapse in different time periods and regions and at levels of social complexity ranging from simple foragers to complex empires would not have occurred without megadrought. The second is that similar responses to megadrought extend across these historical episodes: societal collapse in the face of insurmountable climate change, abandonment of settlements and regions, and habitat tracking to sustainable agricultural landscapes. As we confront megadrought today, and in the likely future, Megadrought and Collapse brings together the latest contributions to our understanding of past societal responses to the crisis on an equally global and diverse scale.

The Earliest Christian Communities in Southeast and Northeast Asia: An Outline of the Evidence Available in Seven Countries before A.D. 1500

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. England
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Eastern Christianity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Central South

The history of Eastern Christianity in central, south, and east Asia prior to A.D. 1500 is rich and extensive, yet has been largely ignored. Material evidence now available from southeast and northeast Asia shows that Christian communities were present in seven countries for different periods between the sixth and fifteenth centuries. Often termed “Nestorian,” or “Jacobite,” these communities have left a diversity of remains—epigraphical, architectural, sculptural, documentary—which testify to their presence, as far northeast as Japan and southeast as far as Indonesia. The glimpses of Christian churches in medieval Asia afforded by the evidence from these and other regions of Asia offer alternatives to Westernized patterns of mission, and question many assumptions concerning the history and character of Christian presence in the region.

scholarly journals Afro-Communitarianism and the Role of Traditional African Healers in the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Cordeiro-Rodrigues ◽  
Thaddeus Metz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
The Face

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide, and in Africa, given the lack of resources, they are likely to be even more acute. The usefulness of Traditional African Healers in helping to mitigate the effects of pandemic has been neglected. We argue from an ethical perspective that these healers can and should have an important role in informing and guiding local communities in Africa on how to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Particularly, we argue not only that much of the philosophy underlying Traditional African Medicine is adequate and compatible with preventive measures for COVID-19, but also that Traditional African Healers have some unique cultural capital for influencing and enforcing such preventive measures. The paper therefore suggests that not only given the cultural context of Africa where Traditional African Healers have a special role, but also because of the normative strength of the Afro-communitarian philosophy that informs it, there are good ethical reasons to endorse policies that involve Traditional Healers in the fight against COVID-19. We also maintain that concerns about Traditional African Healers objectionably violating patient confidentiality or being paternalistic are much weaker in the face of COVID-19.

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