METAL SALTS-HEMATOXYLIN STAINING OF SKIN KERATOHYALIN GRANULES

The stratum granulosum of the mammalian skin contains keratohyalin granules which have been shown to have an affinity for salts of aluminum, chromium, copper and iron. To determine whether these granules have an affinity for other elements and whether the granule-metal complexes can be stained, salts of 64 metals were tested. Histologic sections of animal and human skin were treated with 0.01 M solution of various metal salts for 4 hr, washed in distilled water and stained with 1:10,000 dilution of unoxidized hematoxylin in 0.01 M phosphate butffer, pH 7.0, for 4 hr. In the cationic state, Al, Cr, Ga, Hf, In, Fe and Zr formed dark blue granules. Be, Dy, Ho, Ir, Pb, Mn, Mo, Nd, Ni, Pt, Rh, Tb, U, Yb and Zn produced lighter blue granules. The granules produced by Bi were purple; Ta, brown-red; Nb and Ti, brown; Cu, greenish blue; Sn and Th, purplish red; Os, blue- or green-brown. The metals were not extracted by washing in water up to 72 hr. Some metals were extracted by 1 N HCl and by 10% Versene.

Download Full-text

Simultaneous Generation of a [2×2] Grid-like Complex and a Linear Double Helicate: A Three-Level Self-Sorting Process

10.26434/chemrxiv.9918470.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jean-François Ayme ◽

Jean-Marie Lehn ◽

Corinne Bailly ◽

Lydia Karmazin

Keyword(s):

Metal Complexes ◽

Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Metal Salts ◽

Simultaneous Generation ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Crystallography ◽

Sorting Process

<div>Two constitutional dynamic libraries (CDLs)—each containing two amines, two dialdehydes and two metal salts—have been found to self-sort, generating two pairs of imine-based metallosupramolecular architectures sharing no component, a [2×2] grid-like complex and a linear double helicate. These CDLs provided unique examples of a three-level self-sorting process, as only two imine-based ligand constituents, two metal complexes and two architectures were selected during their assembling out of all the possible combinations of their initial components. The metallosupramolecular architectures assembled were characterized by NMR, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray crystallography.</div>

Download Full-text

Simultaneous Generation of a [2×2] Grid-like Complex and a Linear Double Helicate: A Three-Level Self-Sorting Process

10.26434/chemrxiv.9918470 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jean-François Ayme ◽

Jean-Marie Lehn ◽

Corinne Bailly ◽

Lydia Karmazin

Keyword(s):

Metal Complexes ◽

Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Metal Salts ◽

Simultaneous Generation ◽

X Ray ◽

X Ray Crystallography ◽

Sorting Process

Download Full-text

Alkali-metal complexes. Part III. Adducts of 1,10-phenanthroline with alkali-metal salts of 1-nitroso-2-naphthol, o-nitrophenol, and 2,4- and 2,6-dinitrophenol

Journal of the Chemical Society A Inorganic Physical Theoretical ◽

10.1039/j19700001894 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 1894 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. J. Layton ◽

R. S. Nyholm ◽

A. K. Banerjee ◽

D. E. Fenton ◽

C. N. Lestas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alkali Metal ◽

Metal Complexes ◽

Metal Salts ◽

Alkali Metal Salts ◽

Alkali Metal Complexes

Download Full-text

Starch–metal complexes and their rheology

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly.2009.9.1.1628 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wojciech Ciesielski ◽

Magdalena Krystyjan

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Metal Complexes ◽

Potato Starch ◽

Metal Salts ◽

Starch Gel ◽

Waxy Corn ◽

Starch Gels ◽

Metal Addition

AbstractChanges in conductivity of 5 w/w% starch gels was studied on their titration with 0.1 M aqueous solutions of selected metal salts. Starch gels usually trapped around 10 mg metal ions per 1 g starch [Co(II), Cu(II), Fe(III), Ni(II)] and that value was only slightly dependent on starch origin (amaranthus, corn, potato, tapioca, waxy corn). Among salts studied (acetates, chlorides, nitrates) FeCl3 and NiCl2 were likely to be used because they hydrolyzed increasing conductivity of the solutions and formed micelles of corresponding hydroxides adhering to starch micelles and increasing amount of trapped metal. Addition of metal salts to starch gels had a devastating effect on pseudoplasticity and viscosity of starch gels and only potato starch gel was to a certain extent, exceptional in that respect.

Download Full-text

Alkali metal complexes: Mixed ligand complexes of alkali metal salts of some organic acids with picolinic acid N-oxide and quinaldinic acid N-oxide

Polyhedron ◽

10.1016/s0277-5387(00)81173-0 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Dharm Prakash ◽

Shankar Prasad Singh

Keyword(s):

Alkali Metal ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Metal Complexes ◽

Picolinic Acid ◽

Mixed Ligand ◽

Metal Salts ◽

Mixed Ligand Complexes ◽

Alkali Metal Salts ◽

Alkali Metal Complexes

Download Full-text

Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of Mn(II) and Co(II) Complexes with Tetradentate Macrocyclic Ligand

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2021.23275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 33 (9) ◽

pp. 2207-2211

Author(s):

Usha Bansal ◽

Samta Goyal ◽

Swati Agrawal

Keyword(s):

Metal Complexes ◽

Infrared Spectra ◽

Elemental Analysis ◽

Magnetic Moment ◽

Macrocyclic Ligand ◽

Molar Conductance ◽

Octahedral Geometry ◽

Metal Salts ◽

Spectral Studies

Manganese(II) and cobalt(II) complexes were synthesized with [N4] tetradentate macrocyclic ligand using different metal salts i.e. MnCl2, Mn(NO3)2, CoCl2 and Co(NCS)2. The ligand was prepared by condensation of glyoxal and carbahydrazide. All these were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance measurements, magnetic moment, IR, mass, electronic and EPR spectral studies. Elemental analysis indicates that the complexes have composition MLX2 where (X = Cl–, NO3 –,NCS–). All the complexes were found to be non-electrolytic in nature so can be formulated as [MLX2]. Infrared spectra of metal complexes suggest that the ligand behaves as tetradentate. On the basis of magnetic moment, electronic and EPR spectral data, all the metal complexes were found to be high spin with octahedral geometry.

Download Full-text

Development and investigation of skin melanoma phantoms for ultrasonic examination

Acta medica Lituanica ◽

10.6001/actamedica.v20i2.2697 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 85-92

Author(s):

Kristina Andrėkutė ◽

Ilona Subotinaitė ◽

Skaidra Valiukevičienė ◽

Renaldas Raišutis

Keyword(s):

Human Skin ◽

Attenuation Coefficient ◽

Speed Of Sound ◽

Ultrasound Velocity ◽

Acoustic Properties ◽

Skin Tissue ◽

Single Element ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Fat Emulsion ◽

Human Skin Tissue

Background. The purpose of this study was to develop skin mimicking phantoms with melanoma-like insertion with acoustic properties similar to the human skin. In order to guarantee that these phantoms are suitable for mimicking of the skin, we measured their parameters with an ultrasonography tool and compared with the human skin properties measured by other authors. Materials and methods. Distilled water, gelatin and Intralipid® 20% IV fat emulsion were mixed in different proportions thus manufacturing four models of the skin tissue. For melanoma-mimicking insertion only gelatin and distilled water were used. Ultrasonic examinations of manufactured phantoms were performed with the ultrasound system DUB-USB equipped with a mechanically scanned single-element focused transducer. Results. The speed of sound and the attenuation coefficient of all the manufactured phantoms were evaluated. This study demonstrates that the speed of sound decreases increasing concentration of Intralipid and it is close to the human skin tissue. The ultrasound velocity in the phantom material varied from 1 533.9 m/s up to 1 565.8 m/s depending on Intralipid fat emulsion concentration. The ultrasound velocity in the melanomalike insertion was 1 602.4 ± 23.5 m/s (mean ± SD). It was also found that the concentration dependent magnitude of attenuation increment matched the theoretically defined tendency. The attenuation in the range of 0.15–0.4 dB/mm/MHz was estimated in the phantoms possessing different concentrations of Intralipid. The attenuation in the melanomalike insertion region was 0.16 ± 0.02 dB/mm/MHz (mean ± SD). The magnitude of the attenuation coefficient is close to the attenuation in the human tissue. Conclusions. The four skin tissue mimicking phantoms were developed and their acoustic properties were estimated during this study. The investigation showed that the estimated speed of sound and the attenuation coefficient were close to the values being estimated in the human skin tissue. Furthermore, it was noted that the acoustic properties could be controlled by changing the concentration of Intralipid and such a flexible phantom could be used for mimicking of the external tissue of the human body.

Download Full-text

Bismuth hematoxylin staining of nucleic acids

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100141020 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 930-931

Author(s):

A.A. Smith

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acids ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Metal Salts ◽

Blue Pigment ◽

Animal Tissues ◽

Hematoxylin Staining ◽

Bismuth Salts ◽

Ethanesulfonic Acid ◽

The Stability ◽

Sodium Bismuthate

Hematoxylin is readily oxidized to the blue pigment hematein. Hematein can complex with a wide variety of metal salts or mordants to form mordant dyes. These dyes stain various components of animal tissues. The component stained depends on the metal in the mordant dye.Alum hematoxylin uses trivalent aluminum ion as a mordant. At extreme dilution, requiring long staining times, alum hematoxylin is a specific stain for nucleic acids. As usually used, alum hematoxylin stains nucleoproteins, staining them nearly as well after the removal of the nucleic acids as before.Bismuth shows a high affinity for nucleic acids. Although all common bismuth salts are insoluble in water, sodium bismuthate reacts with an aqueous solution of hematoxylin to produce hematein and trivalent bismuth ions. The bismuth ions complex with the hematein to form a water-soluble “bismuth hematoxylin.” HEPES (N-[2-hydroxyethyl]piperazine- N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid), 8 mg/ml of solution, greatly increases the amount of bismuth hematoxylin formed. Glycerol, 1/8 v/v, improves the stability of the complex.

Download Full-text