Impact on Therapists Working With Sex Offenders: A Systematic Review of Gender Findings

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehami Baum ◽  
Shomron Moyal
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Measures Of Association ◽  
Female Therapists

Although there is a great deal of literature about the distress of therapists who work with sex offenders, little is known about possible gender differences in their distress. The article presents a systematic review and small-scale meta-analysis that address two questions: whether one gender is more susceptible than the other to the adverse effects of treating sex offenders and whether their distress is manifested similarly or differently. Findings of 36 measures of association reported in 10 eligible studies with a total of 1,754 sex offender therapists (785 males) indicate that males are somewhat more vulnerable to the adverse effects of treating sex offenders ( d = .204, p = .002). Moderator analysis indicates that male therapists show similar levels of burnout and disruption of sexual life as their female counterparts, but a significantly higher level of vicarious traumatization ( d = .365, p < .001). These findings challenge Farrenkopf’s well-known claim that female therapists who work with sex offenders are more prone to experiencing adverse emotional reactions than their male counterparts.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular Toxicities Secondary to Biotherapy and Molecular Targeted Therapies in Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2159
Author(s):  
Charalampos Aktypis ◽  
Maria-Eleni Spei ◽  
Maria Yavropoulou ◽  
Göran Wallin ◽  
Anna Koumarianou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Controlled Trials

A broad spectrum of novel targeted therapies with prime antitumor activity and/or ample control of hormonal symptoms together with an overall acceptable safety profile have emerged for patients with metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs). In this systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis, the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and clinicaltrials.gov databases were searched to assess and compare the safety profile of NEN treatments with special focus on the cardiovascular adverse effects of biotherapy and molecular targeted therapies (MTTs). Quality/risk of bias were assessed using GRADE criteria. Placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in patients with metastatic NENs, including medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) were included. A total of 3695 articles and 122 clinical trials registered in clinicaltrials.gov were screened. We included sixteen relevant RCTs comprising 3408 unique patients assigned to different treatments compared with placebo. All the included studies had a low risk of bias. We identified four drug therapies for NENs with eligible placebo-controlled RCTs: somatostatin analogs (SSAs), tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Grade 3 and 4 adverse effects (AE) were more often encountered in patients treated with mTOR inhibitors and TKI (odds ratio [OR]: 2.42, 95% CI: 1.87–3.12 and OR: 3.41, 95% CI: 1.46–7.96, respectively) as compared to SSAs (OR:0.77, 95% CI: 0.47–1.27) and TPH inhibitors (OR:0.77, 95% CI: 0.35–1.69). MTOR inhibitors had the highest risk for serious cardiac AE (OR:3.28, 95% CI: 1.66–6.48) followed by TKIs (OR:1.51, 95% CI: 0.59–3.83). Serious vascular AE were more often encountered in NEN patients treated with mTOR inhibitors (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 0.64–4.64) and TKIs (OR:1.64, 95% CI: 0.35–7.78). Finally, patients on TKIs were at higher risk for new-onset or exacerbation of pre-existing hypertension (OR:3.31, 95% CI: 1.87–5.86). In conclusion, SSAs and TPH inhibitors appear to be safer as compared to mTOR inhibitors and TKIs with regards to their overall toxicity profile, and cardiovascular toxicities in particular. Special consideration should be given to a patient-tailored approach with anticipated toxicities of targeted NEN treatments together with assessment of cardiovascular comorbidities, assisting clinicians in treatment selection and early recognition/management of cardiovascular toxicities. This approach could improve patient compliance and preserve cardiovascular health and overall quality of life.

scholarly journals COMplot, A Graphical Presentation of Complication Profiles and Adverse Effects for the Curative Treatment of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom van den Ende ◽  
Frank A. Abe Nijenhuis ◽  
Héctor G. van den Boorn ◽  
Emil ter Veer ◽  
Maarten C. C. M. Hulshof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Curative Treatment ◽  
Graphical Presentation

scholarly journals The Effects of Modified Simiao Decoction in the Treatment of Gouty Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Fei Liu ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Cai-Yu-Zhu Wen ◽  
Jun-Jun Zhang ◽  
Guo-Lan Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Anti Inflammation

The modified Simiao decoctions (MSD) have been wildly applied in the treatment of gouty arthritis in China. However, the evidence needs to be evaluated by a systematic review and meta-analysis. After filtering, twenty-four randomised, controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the effects of MSD and anti-inflammation medications and/or urate-lowering therapies in patients with gouty arthritis were included. In comparison with anti-inflammation medications, urate-lowering therapies, or coadministration of anti-inflammation medications and urate-lowering therapies, MSD monotherapy significantly lowered serum uric acid (p<0.00001, mean difference = −90.62, and 95% CI [−128.38, −52.86];p<0.00001, mean difference = −91.43, and 95% CI [−122.38, −60.49];p=0.02, mean difference = −40.30, and 95% CI [−74.24, −6.36], resp.). Compared with anti-inflammation medications and/or urate-lowering therapies, MSD monotherapy significantly decreased ESR (p<0.00001; mean difference = −8.11; 95% CI [−12.53, −3.69]) and CRP (p=0.03; mean difference = −3.21; 95% CI [−6.07, −0.36]). Additionally, the adverse effects (AEs) of MSD were fewer (p<0.00001; OR = 0.08; 95% CI [0.05, 0.16]). MSD are effective in the treatment of gouty arthritis through anti-inflammation and lowering urate. However, the efficacy of MSD should be estimated with more RCTs.

scholarly journals Adverse effects of chemotherapy on the teeth and surrounding tissues of children with cancer: A systematic review with meta-analysis

Oral Oncology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Mike Busenhart ◽  
Juliane Erb ◽  
Georgios Rigakos ◽  
Theodore Eliades ◽  
Spyridon N. Papageorgiou
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Children With Cancer

scholarly journals Comparative effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation via buccal spray versus oral supplements on 25(OH)D concentrations: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Pritchard ◽  
Mary Hickson ◽  
Stephen Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Crossover Study ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractVitamin D (vitD) deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Most patients are treated with oral vitD capsules (either vitD2 or vitD3). A few studies have reported equal efficacy of buccal spray vitD. This is a new formulation that is absorbed via the oral mucosa into the systemic circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal route. The main objective of this systematic review was to identify RCT evidence for the comparative effectiveness of buccal spray versus oral vitD on serum 25-hydroxyvitaminD [25-OHD] concentrations and any adverse effects of buccal spray vitD. We have published an a priori protocol using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology (PROSPERO CRD42018118580). A three-step search strategy to identify RCTs was conducted, which reported serum 25-OHD concentrations from five databases from 2008–2018. Retrieved abstracts were screened; included papers imported into JBI SUMARI and assessed for study quality (GRADE) by two authors. Meta-analysis was planned. Three RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Due to heterogeneity of studies, meta-analysis was not possible. In a RCT crossover study, mean serum 25-OHD concentrations were significantly higher in patients with malabsorption syndrome (n = 20) on 1000IU buccal spray + 117.8%(10.46, 95%CI6.89,14.03ng/ml) vs.1000IU oral vitD3 + 36.02%(3.96, 95%CI2.37, 5.56ng/ml) at 30days (p < 0.0001). Mean serum 25-OHD were also significantly higher in healthy adults (n = 20) on buccal spray + 42.99%(7.995, 95%CI6.86,9.13ng/ml)vs.oral vitD3 + 21.72%(4.06, 95%CI3.41,4.71ng/ml) at 30days (p < 0.0001). In another RCT crossover study, ANCOVA revealed no significant difference in the mean and SD change from baseline total 25-OHD concentrations in adults (n = 22) on 3000IU buccal spray vs. 3000IU oral vitD3 + 44%,26.15 (SD17.85) vs. + 51%,30.38 (SD17.91)nmol/l, respectively;F = 1.044, adjusted r20.493,p = 0.313 at 4 weeks. In a RCT, 800IU buccal spray was equally effective as 750IU oral vitD3 in children with neurodisabilities(n = 24) at 3 months. Both groups had a significant increase in 25-OHD; 11.5 ng/ml(median8–19) to 26.5(13.6–39)ng/ml and 15.5ng/ml(8–20) to 34.5(22–49)ng/ml, respectively (z = 150;p < 0.0001). The overall certainty of evidence was very low to moderate. No adverse effects were reported. The evidence from these studies suggests that 800IU-3000IU doses of buccal spray vitD3 given daily may be an effective alternative as oral vitD3 in obtaining short-term haematological responses in serum 25-OHD concentrations. Buccal spray vitD3 may be a useful alternative for patients with intestinal malabsorption or dysphagia. Future research should compare buccal spray VD3 to intramuscular injections and confirm these findings in well-designed trials.

scholarly journals Adverse effects of psychotherapy: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahel Klatte ◽  
Bernhard Strauss ◽  
Christoph Flückiger ◽  
Jenny Rosendahl
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Erythromycin for Promoting the Postpyloric Placement of Feeding Tubes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Qing-Jun Jiang ◽  
Cai-Feng Jiang ◽  
Qi-Tong Chen ◽  
Jian Shi ◽  
Bin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Success Rate ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Feeding Tube ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Feeding Tubes ◽  
Feeding Tube Placement

Background. Critically ill patients can benefit from enteral nutrition with postpyloric feeding tubes, but the low success rate limits its wide use. Erythromycin could elevate the success rate of tube insertion, but its clinical efficiency still remains controversial. Methods. Included studies must be RCTs which assessed the success rate of postpyloric feeding tube insertion using erythromycin. Results. 284 patients were enrolled in six studies. Meta-analysis showed that erythromycin significantly increases the rate of successful postpyloric feeding tube placement (RR 1.45, 95% CI (1.12, 1.86)) and did not increase the risk of adverse effects (RR 2.15, 95% CI (0.20, 22.82)). Subgroup analysis showed that unweighted feeding tubes (RR 1.47, 95% CI (1.03, 2.11)) could significantly increase the success rate. Country of study, intravenous route of erythromycin, and year of participant enrollment did not influence these results. Conclusions. Erythromycin significantly increases the success rate of postpyloric feeding tube placement. This suggests that erythromycin can be used as an auxiliary method to improve the success rate of bedside insertion.

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