Resilience Following Child Maltreatment: Definitional Considerations and Developmental Variations

2019 ◽  
pp. 152483801986909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Yoon ◽  
Kathryn Howell ◽  
Rebecca Dillard ◽  
Karla Shockley McCarthy ◽  
Taylor Rae Napier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Developmental Variations ◽  
Definition Of

Resilience following childhood maltreatment has received substantial empirical attention, with the number of studies on this construct growing exponentially in the past decade. While there is ample interest, inconsistencies remain about how to conceptualize and assess resilience. Further, there is a lack of consensus on how developmental stage influences resilience and how protective factors affect its expression. The current systematic review uses a developmental lens to synthesize findings on resilience following child maltreatment. Specifically, this article consolidates the body of empirical literature in a developmentally oriented review, with the intention of inclusively assessing three key areas—the conceptualization of resilience, assessment of resilience, and factors associated with resilience in maltreatment research. A total of 67 peer-reviewed, quantitative empirical articles that examined child maltreatment and resilience were included in this review. Results indicate that some inconsistencies in the literature may be addressed by utilizing a developmental lens and considering the individual’s life stage when selecting a definition of resilience and associated measurement tool. The findings also support developmental variations in factors associated with resilience, with different individual, relational, and community protective factors emerging based on life stage. Implications for practice, policy, and research are incorporated throughout this review.

scholarly journals Spiritual nursing care: A concept analysis

Curationis ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia V. Monareng
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Concept Analysis ◽  
Operational Definition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Optimal Care ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Definition Of

Although the concept ‘spiritual nursing care’ has its roots in the history of the nursing profession, many nurses in practice have difficulty integrating the concept into practice. There is an ongoing debate in the empirical literature about its definition, clarity and application in nursing practice. The study aimed to develop an operational definition of the concept and its application in clinical practice. A qualitative study was conducted to explore and describe how professional nurses render spiritual nursing care. A purposive sampling method was used to recruit the sample. Individual and focus group interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. Trustworthiness was ensured through strategies of truth value, applicability, consistency and neutrality. Data were analysed using the NUD*IST power version 4 software, constant comparison, open, axial and selective coding. Tech’s eight steps of analysis were also used, which led to the emergence of themes, categories and sub-categories. Concept analysis was conducted through a comprehensive literature review and as a result ‘caring presence’ was identified as the core variable from which all the other characteristics of spiritual nursing care arise. An operational definition of spiritual nursing care based on the findings was that humane care is demonstrated by showing caring presence, respect and concern for meeting the needs not only of the body and mind of patients, but also their spiritual needs of hope and meaning in the midst of health crisis, which demand equal attention for optimal care from both religious and nonreligious nurses.

scholarly journals Status report - Childhood overweight and obesity in Canada: an integrative assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepa Rao ◽  
Erin Kropac ◽  
Minh Do ◽  
Karen Roberts ◽  
Gayatri Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Status Report ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity

Introduction Obesity is a complex risk factor for chronic disease that is associated with a number of socioecological determinants. In this status report, we provide anoverview of the socioecological framework that is now guiding our ongoing surveillance efforts in the area of childhood overweight and obesity. This framework considers individual risk and protective factors (sociodemographic, lifestyle, psychosocial and earlylife) through the lens of the life stage, levels of influence and environments in which these factors play a role. Methods Using data from the Canadian Community Health Survey and the Canadian Health Measures Survey, univariate and bivariate analyses were used to report on behavioural, psychosocial, and early life factors associated with excess weight among Canadian children. Results Estimates of early-life (e.g. breastfeeding), behavioural (e.g. physical activity), and psychosocial factors (e.g. sense of community) are presented as they relate to age group, sex, income adequacy and weight status. Conclusion Building upon our recent reporting on trends in and sociodemographic factors associated with childhood obesity in Canada, this work illustrates the remaining risk and protective factors shown in our surveillance framework. This analysis supports the shift towards a holistic appraisal of determinants related to healthy weights.

Examining Factors Associated with Police Involvement in Child Maltreatment Investigation in Ontario, Canada

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Baiden ◽  
Barbara Fallon ◽  
Tara Black ◽  
Melissa van Wert ◽  
Wendy den Dunnen
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Factors Associated

Derrida on Pornography: Putting (It) Up for Sale

Derrida Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Morris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Past ◽  
French Original ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Critical Discourses ◽  
Academic Debate

Over the past thirty years, academic debate over pornography in the discourses of feminism and cultural studies has foundered on questions of the performative and of the word's definition. In the polylogue of Droit de regards, pornography is defined as la mise en vente that is taking place in the act of exegesis in progress. (Wills's idiomatic English translation includes an ‘it’ that is absent in the French original). The definition in Droit de regards alludes to the word's etymology (writing by or about prostitutes) but leaves the referent of the ‘sale’ suspended. Pornography as la mise en vente boldly restates the necessary iterability of the sign and anticipates two of Derrida's late arguments: that there is no ‘the’ body and that performatives may be powerless. Deriving a definition of pornography from a truncated etymology exemplifies the prosthesis of origin and challenges other critical discourses to explain how pornography can be understood as anything more than ‘putting (it) up for sale’.

Factors Associated with the Early Adoption of the SEC's Revised Auditor Fee Disclosure Rules

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharad Asthana ◽  
Jayanthi Krishnan
Keyword(s):  
Audit Fees ◽  
Auditor Independence ◽  
Securities And Exchange Commission ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Disclosure Requirements ◽  
Early Adoption ◽  
Disclosure Rules ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Auditor Fees ◽  
Considerable Concern

Corporate disclosures of auditor fees (beginning in February 2001) caused considerable concern among regulators and investors about auditor independence because they revealed that nonaudit fees were a substantial proportion of total auditor fees. However, in 2003 the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) introduced revised disclosure requirements, specifying a broader definition of audit fees, and additional fee categories (SEC 2003). About 31 percent of our sample firms adopted the new rules in advance of the required date. We investigate the pattern of early adoption of the new fee disclosure rules by companies. Our results indicate that companies with greater nonaudit fee ratios during the prior year, companies that could show a greater decline in nonaudit fee ratios due to reclassification under SEC (2003), and companies that had greater audit-related fees after the reclassification were likely to adopt the new rules early. We conjecture that companies that had the most to gain from reclassifying fees—possibly by reducing negative investor perceptions about nonaudit services—adopted the new rules earlier than required.

Leveraging Family and Community Strengths to Reduce Child Maltreatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 692 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-139
Author(s):  
Debangshu Roygardner ◽  
Kelli N. Hughes ◽  
Vincent J. Palusci
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Prevention Programming ◽  
Extant Literature

This article reviews and analyzes extant literature on the prevention of child maltreatment. We give an overview of protective factors that research finds to be efficacious in maltreatment prevention and pay particular attention to research that shows how health-based models and community-based models can leverage family and community strengths to that end. We go on to offer recommendations for potential future prevention programming, including an approach with untapped potential—the Prevention Zones framework. Finally, we discuss policy considerations and implications specific to the goal of increasing programming and services that leverage family and community strengths.

Childhood Maltreatment and Relationship Quality: A Review of Type of Abuse and Mediating and Protective Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802199831
Author(s):  
Osnat Zamir
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Relationship Functioning ◽  
Healthy Relationships ◽  
Partner Characteristics

Childhood maltreatment (CM) has long been recognized as a risk factor for good intimate relationships. Research on the effects of CM on relationship functioning has focused on sexual abuse in girls. However, CM also includes emotional and physical abuse and neglect and is also common in boys. Moreover, prior research has mostly focused on individuals in isolation, ignoring that marriage is a system in which two partners mutually influence each other. Questions also remain about mediating and protective factors for healthy relationships in the context of CM. This article reviews the literature on the link between different forms of CM and one’s own and one’s partner relationship quality. It reviews 43 empirical studies that assessed associations between CM in any form and relationship quality. Also, mediating and protective factors and major methodological topics are examined. The review indicated that CM (neglect, sexual, emotional, or physical abuse) is associated with lower relationship quality in men and women. Psychological distress, cognitive and behavioral problems, insecure attachment, and self-dysregulation were identified as mediating factors. Protective processes involve good coping strategies, emotion regulation, parental support, and early secure attachment, but not partner characteristics. The results regarding gender are inconclusive. It is crucial to broaden the research on the dyadic effects of CM of various forms on relationship quality and study mediating and protective factors. More studies on neglect and diverse populations are needed, as well as prospective studies. This will enable the development of prevention programs for couples with a partner exposed to CM.

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