Exploration of the Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation With Psychosocial and Medical Outcomes in Kidney and Kidney–Pancreas Transplant Recipients

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238
Author(s):  
Gloria Chen ◽  
Cynthia S. Bell ◽  
Penelope Loughhead ◽  
Bashar Ibeche ◽  
John S. Bynon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Support System ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Psychosocial Assessment ◽  
Medical Outcomes ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

Introduction: The Stanford Integrated Psychosocial Assessment for Transplantation (SIPAT) is a psychometric instrument designed to assess patient risk for transplant. We investigated the association between SIPAT scores and demographic data with psychosocial and medical outcomes within a diverse kidney/kidney–pancreas transplant population. Design: The SIPAT was administered to all pretransplant candidates. A retrospective review of transplanted patients who had at least 6 months of follow-up was completed. Results: The sample included 136 patients: male (n = 77 [57%]) with a mean age of 47 years old. Thirty-eight percent were black (n = 51), 55% had less than a high school education (n = 74), and 65% had low socioeconomic status (n = 89). Statistical difference was found among SIPAT scores and substance use and support system instability ( P = .035, P = .012). Females ( P = .012) and patients with a history of psychopathology ( P = .002) developed or had a relapse of psychopathology following transplant. Patients with more than a high school education ( P = .025) and who were less than 30 years ( P = .026) had higher rejection incidence rates. Risk factors for rehospitalizations included Hispanic race, diabetes, and low socioeconomic status ( P = .036, P = .038, P = .014). African American/Black and male patients had higher incidence of infection events ( P = .032, P = .049). Mortality and treatment nonadherence were not significantly associated with SIPAT scores or demographic variables. Conclusion: The SIPAT was associated with posttransplant substance use and support system instability, while demographic variables were associated with the development and/or relapse of psychopathology, graft loss, rejection, infection events, and medical rehospitalizations. Revision of the SIPAT to include additional demographic components may lend to improved prediction of transplant outcomes.

Early Memories and Maladjustment: Comment on Spirrison, et al. and Recalled Age of Earliest Memory

1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1287-1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnold R. Bruhn
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Student Sample ◽  
Verbal Iq ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Criminal Background ◽  
Male Prisoners

Spirrison, Schneider, Hartwell, Carmack, and D'Reaux (1997) argued that onset prior to age 4 of reported first memory is linked to maladjustment based on a study of 60 undergraduates; however, the literature suggests that sex, age, socioeconomic status, and Verbal IQ are likely to affect age of first recall. Responses of three previously unanalyzed samples were then reviewed for age of first recall. The first two samples yielded a 3-year earlier age of first recall for the female university student sample (3.2 vs 3.5 yr. for men); however, Spirrison, et at.'s prediction of maladjustment is probably better explained by various personal and demographic variables. A third sample—incarcerated male prisoners—was handpicked for specific demographic measures to test the notion that late age of first recall is linked with somatic complaints. Their average age of first recall was 6.2 yr. or “late onset.” Spirrison, et al.'s results would predict “somatic concerns”—extremely unlikely for this group. First recall at a later age is likely linked to a variety of psychological and demographic variables, including but not limited to low Verbal IQ, low education, low socioeconomic status, male, and a criminal background. Similarly, early age of first recall is probably linked to a high Verbal IQ, high education, middle-class socioeconomic status or higher, female, and an interest in reflection, among other variables. More research is needed on what affects age of first recall to avoid questionable attributions of pathology.

scholarly journals Filipino Adolescents’ Experiences of Abusive Parent-Child Relationship in Low Socioeconomic Status Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 06-18
Author(s):  
Jess Sabarre ◽  
Paulo Louis H. Villareal ◽  
Myla Arcinas
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Support System ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Parent Child Relationship ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Marital Partner ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Abusive Parent ◽  
Parent Child

This phenomenological-qualitative study aimed to describe how an abusive parent-child relationship of selected Filipino adolescents from an intact family of low socioeconomic status affects the perceptions of their potential romantic partner, marriage, and family. The study also uncovered their coping mechanisms and support system.  The seven informants were identified using a purposive sampling technique. The researchers devised an open-ended interview guide to elicit information from the informants and were conducted with a guidance counsellor. With the use of content analysis, the study revealed that their abusive experiences with one or both parents have significantly affected their perceptions. Most of them have resorted to using negative coping strategies and that their grandparents stood as their extended family support system with their friends as their non-family support system. The informants displayed a significantly entrenched position on the characteristics of their future marital partner and family. However, they have shown disapproval of marriage due to their experiences. The study also exposed that mothers have been more present in the abusive parent-child experiences than the fathers, which contradicts expectations that fathers act as strict disciplinarians and mothers being the child's protector in Philippine Culture. The study exposed the experiences of children in verbal and physical abuse in their homes from intact families with low socioeconomic status in Metro Manila, wherein expounds on the type of social support these children have been given and the kinds of coping mechanisms that are prevalent in their experiences and how these abusive parent-child experiences reflected with either positive or negative on their perception of marital partner, the concept of marriage, and concept of family, wherein provides substantial knowledge on how these experiences can be handled and faced in terms of treatment.

scholarly journals Profil Komformitas Teman Sebaya Berdasarkan Faktor Demografi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Ranni Rahmayanthi ◽  
Ilfiandra Ilfiandra ◽  
Syamsu Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

PEER PERFORMANCE PROFILE BASED ON DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS. The purpose of this study was to determine the conformity profile peers based on demographics socioeconomic status. Participants in this study were 123 students junior high school consist of 39 regulars student and 86 “binalingkungan” (low economic) students. The average age of participants was 12-15 years. This research approach using quantitative approach, types of research using a cross sectional survey. The instruments used was a scale conformity peers who developed the theory Brendt use any form of semantic differential scale with alternative answers 1-6 (1 = very inappropriate, 6 = very appropriate). Data were analysed using analysis Mann-Whitney U with a score of 1488.00 and a significance probability value of 0.414. Because the probability of significance 0.414> 0.05, the results showed that there was no difference conformity peers in the student of low socioeconomic status and students socioeconomic status of middle to top.

scholarly journals Unemployment and substance use problems among young adults: Does childhood low socioeconomic status exacerbate the effect?

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 36-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jungeun Olivia Lee ◽  
Karl G. Hill ◽  
Lacey A. Hartigan ◽  
Joseph M. Boden ◽  
Katarina Guttmannova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Substance Use Problems

Tomorrow never knows: Paradoxical effects of a future prime on performance among low socioeconomic status college students

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Dayle Herrmann ◽  
Jessica Bodford ◽  
Robert Adelman ◽  
Oliver Graudejus ◽  
Morris Okun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Paradoxical Effects

scholarly journals Home Language and Literacy Environments and Early Literacy Trajectories of Low‐Socioeconomic Status Chilean Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2042-2062
Author(s):  
Susana Mendive ◽  
Mayra Mascareño Lara ◽  
Daniela Aldoney ◽  
J. Carola Pérez ◽  
José P. Pezoa
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Early Literacy ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Literacy Environments

scholarly journals Association of socioeconomic status with medical assistance in dying: a case–control analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e043547
Author(s):  
Donald A Redelmeier ◽  
Kelvin Ng ◽  
Deva Thiruchelvam ◽  
Eldar Shafir
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Medical Assistance In Dying ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Economic Constraints

ObjectivesEconomic constraints are a common explanation of why patients with low socioeconomic status tend to experience less access to medical care. We tested whether the decreased care extends to medical assistance in dying in a healthcare system with no direct economic constraints.DesignPopulation-based case–control study of adults who died.SettingOntario, Canada, between 1 June 2016 and 1 June 2019.PatientsPatients receiving palliative care under universal insurance with no user fees.ExposurePatient’s socioeconomic status identified using standardised quintiles.Main outcome measureWhether the patient received medical assistance in dying.ResultsA total of 50 096 palliative care patients died, of whom 920 received medical assistance in dying (cases) and 49 176 did not receive medical assistance in dying (controls). Medical assistance in dying was less frequent for patients with low socioeconomic status (166 of 11 008=1.5%) than for patients with high socioeconomic status (227 of 9277=2.4%). This equalled a 39% decreased odds of receiving medical assistance in dying associated with low socioeconomic status (OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.75, p<0.001). The relative decrease was evident across diverse patient groups and after adjusting for age, sex, home location, malignancy diagnosis, healthcare utilisation and overall frailty. The findings also replicated in a subgroup analysis that matched patients on responsible physician, a sensitivity analysis based on a different socioeconomic measure of low-income status and a confirmation study using a randomised survey design.ConclusionsPatients with low socioeconomic status are less likely to receive medical assistance in dying under universal health insurance. An awareness of this imbalance may help in understanding patient decisions in less extreme clinical settings.

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