The Role of Law Clerks in the U.S. Supreme Court’s Agenda-Setting Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Black ◽  
Christina L. Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Law Clerks

Presidents, Parties, and Referenda in Latin America

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1159-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angélica Durán-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Institutional Change ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Executive Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
Setting Process

Over the past two decades the use of referenda has spread throughout Latin America, and 39 referenda have taken place since 1990. For some observers, referenda can improve accountability, promote participation, and reduce corruption. For others, given the strong tradition of Latin American presidentialism, referenda can be manipulated by populist presidents attempting to bypass unpopular representative institutions such as congresses or to bolster their popularity. This article provides a more nuanced view of referenda, arguing that presidents cannot always manipulate referenda to increase their power. The effect of referenda on executive power varies depending on the scope of the referenda, that is, whether they aim at institutional change or, alternatively, at policy change. Moreover, the agenda-setting process and the role of political parties in referenda campaigns also mediate the effect of referenda on executive power. Although referenda do not necessarily enhance executive power, the risks of presidential manipulation are strong, and thus referenda should be carried out taking sufficient precautions.

Public Opinion and Setting the Agenda on the U.S. Supreme Court

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Public Support ◽  
American People ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
First Case ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
The U.S

Arguably the most influential power the U.S. Supreme Court has is the power to choose which cases to decide. This power allows the nation’s only unelected branch of government to choose either to weigh in on key political controversies or avoid them completely. Here, I take one of the first case-level looks at the role of public opinion in the Court’s agenda-setting process. I argue justices vote to hear cases when they are likely to agree with public opinion on the outcome and eschew cases when they are out of step with the American people. However, the effect of public opinion depends on the political environment, especially on the level of public support the Court enjoys, the salience of the issue, and the case’s legal importance.

scholarly journals Naujosios žiniasklaidos vaidmuo sudarant darbotvarkę Baltarusijoje

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Victor Martinovich
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
New Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
Policy Theory ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Specific Morphology ◽  
The Media ◽  
Basic Characteristics

The role of the new media in agenda setting in BelarusVictor Martinovich SummaryThe author starts with defining the nature of the political regime that acts in Belarus, providing a list of the key features that are important for media behaviour. The list is extracted from the relevant comparative researches focused on Belarus. After describing the regime as a set of rules for the media, the text then proceeds to the specific morphology of the Belarussian new media that do not comply with the basic characteristics proposed by media researchers and thus can be recognized as old media restructured to meet the ethics and principles of the Internet. Then the author deals with the agenda setting process in Belarus and proposes his own interpretation of the classical logistics of this process in specific Belarussian circumstances where the list of power-bearing actors is dramatically reduced. The paper is finalized with showing the new possibilities that the media as an actor of public policy have obtained in the agenda setting after appearance of Web 2.0 when sites the have been re-structured on the basis of the user-generated content which helps to retrieve the media’s autonomy and possibilities to influence the agenda setting.Key words: public policy theory, new media, agenda-setting process, political regimes

The Influence of Personalized Knowledge at the Supreme Court: How (Some) Former Law Clerks Have the Inside Track

2020 ◽  
pp. 106591292094813
Author(s):  
Ryan C. Black ◽  
Ryan J. Owens
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
High Court ◽  
Empirical Question ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
To Come ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Law Clerks

When arguing at the U.S. Supreme Court, former High Court law clerks enjoy significant influence over their former justices. Our analysis of forty years of judicial votes reveals that an attorney who formerly clerked for a justice is 16 percent more likely to capture that justice’s vote than an otherwise identical attorney who never clerked. What is more, an attorney who formerly clerked for a justice is 14 to 16 percent more likely to capture that justice’s vote than an otherwise identical attorney who previously clerked for a different justice. Former clerk influence is substantial, targeted, and appears to come from clerks’ personalized information about their justices. These results answer an important empirical question about the role of attorneys while raising normative concerns over fairness in litigation.

Agenda Setting and Case Selection on the U.S. Supreme Court

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Lane ◽  
Ryan C. Black
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
Fundamental Step ◽  
Case Selection ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Grant Review ◽  
The U.S

The Supreme Court’s docket consists of thousands of cases each term, with petitioners hoping at least four justices will be compelled to grant review to their case. The decision to move a case from their docket to their calendar for oral arguments and all intermediate steps is what is known as the agenda-setting process. This is a fundamental step in the judicial process, as the Supreme Court cannot establish precedent and affect policy change without first deciding to review.

scholarly journals Explicating the Values-Issue Consistency Hypothesis through Need for Orientation

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Valenzuela ◽  
Gennadiy Chernov
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Issue Salience ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
Need For Orientation ◽  
Nationally Representative

The values-issues consistency hypothesis posits that when the issues covered in the news resonate with people’s values, the power of the news media in setting the public agenda is stronger. However, we know little about the process by which values influence the agenda-setting process. We argue that the need for orientation (NFO) is a key mediating variable of the relationship between values and issue salience. To test this proposition, we conducted two studies: an experiment to examine the causal relationship between values, NFO, and issue salience, and a secondary data analysis of a nationally representative survey, in order to test the generalizability of the experiment’s results. Both studies provide support for the mediating role of NFO, further advancing research on the psychology of agenda setting effects.L’hypothèse de cohérence entre valeurs et problèmes (values-issues consistency hypothesis en anglais) propose que quand les thèmes abordés dans les nouvelles ont résonance avec les valeurs des personnes  le pouvoir des médias dans l’établissement de l’agenda public est plus fort. Cependant, nous savons peu sur le processus par lequel les valeurs  influencent l’établissement de l’agenda setting. Nous soutenons que la nécessité d’orientation (NFO en anglais) est une variable médiatrice clé de la relation entre les valeurs et la proéminence de certains thèmes.  Pour tester cette proposition, nous avons développé  deux études: 1) une expérience pour examiner le lien de causalité entre les valeurs, NFO, et la proéminence de thèmes; 2) et une analyse secondaire des résultats de un sondage nationale où il a été utilisé un échantillon représentative. Les deux études soutient le rôle médiateur de la nécessité d’orientation (NFO), faire progresser la recherche sur la psychologie des effets de agenda setting.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF THE AGENDA FOR MEDIA SETTINGS AS WATCHDOG FOR LAW ENFORCEMENT EFFORTS THROUGH DIGITAL AND PRINT ARTIFACTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede Moenanto Soekawati
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Corruption Case ◽  
Legal Case ◽  
Setting Process ◽  
The Media ◽  
Research Questions

ABSTRAK Peliputan media atas sejumlah kasus adalah implementasi agenda setting metode penyampaian informasi. Sejumlah informasi disampaikan berdasarkan fakta yang dikonstruksi sebagai realitas media. Di antaranya, kasus Tempo melawan Tomy Winata, keterlibatan wartawan Metro TV Hilman Mattauch terhadap kasus korupsi e-KTP oleh Setya Novanto, dan upaya yang dilakukan media sebagai watchdog dalam kasus Lutfi Alfiandi. Penelitian meneliti artefak digital dan tercetak, observasi, dan wawancara. Sejumlah pertanyaan penelitian adalah: 1. Bagaimana konstruksi media sebagai watchdog dalam kasus hukum antara Tomy Winata versus Tempo? 2. Bagaimana penerapan watchdog media dalam kasus penegakan hukum e-KTP? 3. Bagaimana penerapan watchdog media dalam kasus penangkapan dan penyiksaan yang dialami pelajar STM bernama Lutfi Alfiandi? Hasil penelitian terhadap artefak digital dan media cetak, wawancara, dan observasi adalah: 1. Implementasi pers sebagai pengawas kasus Tomy Winata di Tanah Abang dilakukan oleh Tempo, meski hasilnya Tempo mendapat konsekuensi kekalahan di meja hijau atas gugatan Tomy Winata. 2. Pelaksanaan watchdog dalam upaya penegakan hukum oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK) dilakukan terhadap kuasa media yang melibatkan Hilman Mattauch dari Metro TV dan diungkap oleh media. 3. Peristiwa kasus polisi menangkap dan menyiksa Lutfi Alfiandi mendapatkan pelaksanaan agenda setting oleh media dalam peran watchdog sehingga korban yang semula dituntut hukuman tujuh tahun penjara dapat simpati publik mendorong majelis hakim memvonis bebas.Kata kunci: Pengawas Pers, Penegakan Hukum, Liputan Media ABSTRACT Several events received media coverage with an agenda-setting process which became a method of conveying information. Some information is conveyed based on facts constructed as media reality. Among them are the construction of media reality carried out in the Tempo case against Tomy Winata, the involvement of Metro TV journalist Hilman Mattauch in the e-KTP corruption case involving Setya Novanto, and the efforts made by the media as a watchdog in the Lutfi Alfiandi case. The research was conducted by examining digital and printed artifacts, observations, and interviews. Some research questions are 1. How is the construction of the media as a watchdog in the legal case between Tomy Winata and Tempo? 2. How is the application of watchdog media in the case of e-KTP law enforcement? 3. How is the application of the media watchdog in the case of arrest and torture experienced by STM student named Lutfi Alfiandi? The results of research on digital artifacts and print media, interviews, and observations are 1. Implementation of the watchdog press to reveal Tomy Winata in Tanah Abang was carried out by Tempo, although the result was that Tempo suffered the consequences of being defeated at the court table by the lawsuit filed by Tomy Winata. 2. The implementation of watchdog in law enforcement efforts by the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) was carried out against the power of the media which involved Hilman Mattauch from Metro TV and was exposed by the media. 3. The police's arrest and torture of Lutfi Alfiandi resulted in the implementation of agenda-setting by the media in the role of a watchdog which succeeded in making the victim who was sentenced to seven years in prison get public sympathy and was released when the verdict was handed down by the panel of judges.Keywords: Watchdog Press, Law Enforcement, Media Coverage

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