scholarly journals Effectiveness of a Fractionated Therapy Scheme in Tumor Treating Fields Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153303381984500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunhui Jo ◽  
Jiwon Sung ◽  
Hyesun Jeong ◽  
Sunghoi Hong ◽  
Youn Kyoung Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Tumor Treating Fields ◽  
Biological Effectiveness ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cell Inhibition

This study aimed to evaluate the biological effectiveness of cancer therapy with tumor treating fields using a fractionated treatment scheme that was originally designed for radiotherapy. Discontinuous fractional tumor treating fields of an intensity of 0.9 to 1.2 V/cm and a frequency of 150 KHz were applied to U373 cancer cells and IEC6 normal cells for 3 days, with durations of 3, 6, 12, or 24 h/d. As the treatment duration of the tumor treating fields increased from 3 to 24 h/d, the relative tumor cell (U373) number (% of control) reduced in proportion to the treatment duration. Compared to a 25% cell number reduction (75% of control) for the group of 6 h/d treatment at 1.2 V/cm, only 5% (70% of control) and 8% (67% of control) of additional reductions were observed for the group of 12 and 24 h/d treatment, respectively. This experimental result indicates that the dependence on treatment duration in tumor cell inhibition was weakened distinctly at treatment duration over 6 h/d. For normal cells (IEC6), the relative cell number corresponding to the treatment time of the tumor treating fields at 1.2 V/cm of electric field strength was not decreased much for the treatment times of 3, 6, and 12 h/d, revealing 93.3%, 90.0%, and 89.3% relative cell numbers, respectively, but it suddenly decreased to ∼73% for the 24 h/d treatment. Our results showed that the effects of tumor treating fields on tumor cells were higher than on normal cells for treatment duration of 3 to 12 h/d, but the difference became minimal for treatment duration of 24 h/d. The fractionated scheme, using tumor treating fields, reduced the treatment time while maintaining efficacy, suggesting that this method may be clinically applicable for cancer treatment.

scholarly journals Comparing the rate of retraction in canines in males and females

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1332-1339
Author(s):  
Shreya Kishore ◽  
Saravana Dinesh SP ◽  
Srirengalakshmi ◽  
Arvind Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Canine Retraction ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Basal Bone ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Right

There are multiple factors that affect the treatment duration and the rate of canine retraction between males and females. A difference in the levels of calcitonin and the maintenance of the appliance by both genders varies the treatment duration. Hence this study was conducted to analyse the difference in the rate of canine retraction between males and females using two different bracket systems, synergy and self-ligating. The study was designed as a prospective randomized controlled split-mouth clinical trial, which included 16 subjects, 8 males and 8 females, of ages 12-30 years, divided into 2 groups, the left and the right quadrants receiving Self Ligating and Synergy brackets based on simple randomization, along with a 19*25" SS wire and closed coil springs for individual canine retraction. The patients were reviewed every 21 days for four appointments and records were taken for each review. Digital Vernier calliper was used to measure the amount of canine retraction, and statistical analysis was conducted. The values were calculated and tabulated, and independent ‘t' test was used to analyse the statistical difference. There was no significant statistical difference between the two genders. There are various factors that affect the rate of canine retraction and gender of the patient undergoing orthodontic treatment is one of them. With increased amounts of calcitonin in males, making the alveolar and basal bone denser when compared to women, would likely increase the treatment time in males, when compared to females. Hence this study was conducted to compare the difference and showed that there is no statistical difference between males and females in the rate of canine retraction.

BIOCOMPATIBILITY STUDY OF α-Fe2O3 NANOPARTICLES PREPARED BY HYDROTHERMAL METHOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (09) ◽  
pp. 1950058
Author(s):  
SADEQ H. LAFTA ◽  
ALI ABDULRAHMAN TAHA ◽  
MUHAMMAD M. FARHAN ◽  
SHAIMA Y. ABDULFATTAH
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Ferric Oxide ◽  
Tumor Cell Line ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Prepared Nanoparticles ◽  
Biocompatibility Study

Nanoparticles of alpha ferric oxide ([Formula: see text]-Fe2O3) were prepared by the hydrothermal method. Structural properties of [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3 were determined by XRD, SEM and AFM measurements. The particles had a good matching with standard pattern. Average particle size was about 90[Formula: see text]nm and the distribution extended from about 20[Formula: see text]nm to 120[Formula: see text]nm. Biocompatibility study of ferric oxide nanoparticles against bacteria, parasites, tumor cell line and normal cells was determined. No antibacterial activity was observed for the concentration, of ferric oxide nanoparticles in distilled water, up to 1.5[Formula: see text]mg/ml vs. E. coli and S. aureus. Moreover, MTT assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity against parasites and cells. Intermediate cytotoxicity (53.30%) of 1.5[Formula: see text]mg/ml of prepared nanoparticles was noted against L. tropica, while weak cytotoxicity of 5.20% was observed against L. donovani at the same concentration of ferric oxide nanoparticles. On the other hand, the prepared nanoparticles revealed low cytotoxicity (47.28%) against SR tumor cell line, while no cytotoxicity was shown against lymphocytes, as a model of normal cells.

scholarly journals Application of a roller conveyor type plasma disinfection device with fungus-contaminated citrus fruits

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akikazu Sakudo ◽  
Yoshihito Yagyu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Time ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Viable Cell ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Viable Cell Number ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Decimal Reduction Time ◽  
Gas Plasma ◽  
Plasma Device ◽  
Time Required

AbstractEfficient methods to achieve the safe decontamination of agricultural products are needed. Here, we investigated the decontamination of citrus fruits to test the antifungal potential of a novel non-thermal gas plasma apparatus, termed a roller conveyer plasma instrument. This instrument generates an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (APDBP) plasma on a set of rollers. Penicillium venetum was spotted onto the surface of the fruit or pericarps, as well as an aluminium plate to act as a control, before performing the plasma treatment. The results showed that viable cell number of P. venetum decreased with a decimal reduction time (D value or estimated treatment time required to reduce viable cell number by 90%) of 0.967 min on the aluminium plate, 2.90 min and 1.88 min on the pericarps of ‘Kiyomi’ (Citrus unshiu × C. sinensis) and ‘Kawano-natsudaidai’ (C. natsudaidai) respectively, and 2.42 min on the surface of ‘Unshu-mikan’ (C. unshiu). These findings confirmed a fungicidal effect of the plasma not only on an abiotic surface (aluminium plate) but also on a biotic surface (citrus fruit). Further development of the instrument by combining sorting systems with the plasma device promises an efficient means of disinfecting citrus fruits during food processing.

scholarly journals SO093LONGITUDINAL DATA ON TREATMENT DURATION AND COMPLIANCE FROM AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE CLINICAL TRIALS WITH TOLVAPTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolei Zhou ◽  
Diana Garbinsky ◽  
John Ouyang ◽  
Eric Davenport ◽  
Indra Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Duration ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Kidney Volume ◽  
Total Kidney Volume ◽  
Treatment Gaps ◽  
Clinical Trial Program

Abstract Background and Aims : Observation of impactful clinical outcomes in a clinical trial setting for ADPKD is challenging due to the life-long progressive nature of ADPKD and longer-term associated outcomes of interest in this population (e.g., renal function decline, cardiovascular events, and mortality). Since 2004, the tolvaptan (TOL) clinical trial program enrolled subjects in multiple clinical studies with the opportunity to enroll in subsequent clinical trials for treatment and outcomes evaluation. Method : Data from 6 ADPKD studies (protocols 156-04-250, 156-04-251, 156-06-260, 156-09-284, 156-09-290, 156-08-271) were pooled and evaluated over time for overall treatment duration, treatment time, and treatment gaps. Treatment duration for the individual clinical trials ranged from 1 week to up to 3 years. Results : Overall, 1,437 subjects received TOL in these ADPKD clinical trials. For these subjects, the mean overall treatment duration was 4.1 years (3.8 years on treatment) with a maximum of 9.7 years (9.0 years on treatment). In this cohort, 513 subjects (35.7%) received TOL treatment for more than 5 years. Mean treatment compliance was 94.1%. Overall, 723 subjects (50.3%) received TOL treatment in ≥2 trials, with a median treatment gap duration between trials of 0.1 years (maximum, 5.6 years). At least 7 years of follow-up data are available for estimated glomerular filtration rate in 241 subjects (mean at baseline, 78.6 mL/min/1.73m2) and for total kidney volume in 130 subjects (mean at baseline, 1,816.9 mL). Conclusion : This analysis provides longitudinal follow-up over an extended timeframe in a large number of subjects treated with TOL, with the greatest number of subjects being enrolled in clinical trials enriched for rapidly progressing ADPKD. Treatment compliance over years was reasonably good despite treatment gaps.

scholarly journals SOST Deficiency Aggravates Osteoarthritis in Mice by Promoting Sclerosis of Subchondral Bone

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jingyu Li ◽  
Junjie Xue ◽  
Yan Jing ◽  
Manyi Wang ◽  
Rui Shu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cartilage Degradation ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Sost Gene ◽  
Bone Sclerosis ◽  
The Difference

As the initial part in the development of osteoarthritis (OA), subchondral bone sclerosis has been considered to be initiated by excess mechanical loading and proven to be correlated to other pathological changes. Sclerostin, which is an essential mechanical stress response protein, is encoded by the SOST gene. It is expressed in osteocytes and mature chondrocytes and has been proven to be closely correlated to OA. However, the relationship and mechanism between the SOST gene and the development of OA remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the SOST gene in OA pathogenesis in the subchondral bone. A knee anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) mouse osteoarthritis (OA) model on SOST-knockout (SOST KO) and wild-type (WT) mice was established. The pathogenic and phenotypic changes in the subchondral bone were investigated by histology, micro-CT, immunohistochemistry, TRAP staining, Masson staining, and Toluidine blue staining. It was found that sclerostin expression decreased in both the calcified cartilage and mineralized subchondral structures during the development of OA. Joint instability induced a severe cartilage degradation phenotype, with higher OARSI scores in SOST KO mice, when compared to WT mice. SOST KO mice with OA exhibited a higher BMD and BV/TV ratio, as well as a higher rate of bone remodeling and TRAP-positive cell number, when compared to the WT counterparts, but the difference was not significant between the sham-operation groups. It was concluded that loss of sclerostin aggravates knee OA in mice by promoting subchondral bone sclerosis and increasing catabolic activity of cartilage.

MIL-47(V) catalytic conversion of H2O2 for sensitive H2O2 detection and tumor cell inhibition

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 ◽  
pp. 131201
Author(s):  
Xuelian Yang ◽  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Rongwei Gao ◽  
Youpeng Wang ◽  
Yu Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
H2o2 Detection ◽  
Cell Inhibition

scholarly journals Use of raw Euphorbia tirucalli extract for inhibition of ascitic Ehrlich tumor

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orlando José dos Santos ◽  
Euler Nicolau Sauaia Filho ◽  
Flávia Raquel Fernandes do Nascimento ◽  
Francisco Cardoso Silva Júnior ◽  
Eder Magalhães Silva Fialho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ehrlich Tumor ◽  
Euphorbia Tirucalli

Objective: to evaluate the effect of the Euphorbia tirucalli hydroalcoholic extract (ETHE) on the development of Ehrlich Tumor, in its ascitic form. Methods: we intraperitoneally inoculated 15 Swiss mice with 10.44 x 107 cells of Ehrlich Tumor and divided them in two groups one day after: ETHE Group (eight mice), treated with a dosage of 125 mg/kg/day of EHTE for five days; and Control Group (seven mice), treated only with 0.9% isotonic saline solution over the same period. The treatment was done by gavage. Ten days after inoculation, four mice from each group were sacrificed for quantification of tumor cell number, ascitic fluid volume and bone marrow cell number. The remaining animals were maintained to evaluate survival. Results: The ascitic fluid volume and the tumor cell number were decreased in the ETHE group when compared with the control group, but with no statistical significance. On the other hand, survival was higher in the ETHE group, as well as the number of bone marrow cells. Conclusion: Treatment with ETHE after inoculation of Ehrlich Tumor decreases its development and increases survival and the bone marrow cellularity, thus reducing the myelosuppression present in the Ehrlich Tumor bearing mice.

scholarly journals Thermal neutron Relative Biological Effectiveness factors for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy from In Vitro Irradiations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pedrosa-Rivera ◽  
Javier Praena ◽  
Ignacio Porras ◽  
Manuel Pedro Sabariego ◽  
Ulli Köster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Thermal Neutron ◽  
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy ◽  
Neutron Capture ◽  
Relative Biological Effectiveness ◽  
Neutron Capture Therapy ◽  
Tumor Cell Lines ◽  
Boron Neutron Capture ◽  
Effectiveness Factors ◽  
Biological Effectiveness

The experimental determination of the relative biological effectiveness of thermal neutron factors is fundamental in Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Present values have been obtained using mixed beams consisting of both neutrons and photons of various energies. A common weighting factor has been used for both thermal and fast neutron doses, although such an approach has been questioned. At the nuclear reactor of the Institut Laue-Langevin a pure low-energy neutron beam has been used to determine thermal neutron relative biological effectiveness factors. Different tumor cell lines, corresponding to glioblastoma, melanoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and non-tumor cell lines (lung fibroblast and embryonic kidney) have been irradiated using an experimental arrangement designed to minimise neutron-induced secondary gamma radiation. Additionally, the cells were irradiated with photons at a medical linear accelerator, providing reference data for comparison with that from neutron irradiation. Survival and proliferation were studied after irradiation, yielding the Relative Biological Effectiveness corresponding to the damage of thermal neutrons for the different tissue types.

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