Geomatics for Precise 3D Breast Imaging

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Hilary Alto
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Control Object ◽  
Depth Map ◽  
Bundle Adjustment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Direct Linear Transform

Canadian women have a one in nine chance of developing breast cancer during their lifetime. Mammography is the most common imaging technology used for breast cancer detection in its earliest stages through screening programs. Clusters of microcalcifications are primary indicators of breast cancer; the shape, size and number may be used to determine whether they are malignant or benign. However, overlapping images of calcifications on a mammogram hinder the classification of the shape and size of each calcification and a misdiagnosis may occur resulting in either an unnecessary biopsy being performed or a necessary biopsy not being performed. The introduction of 3D imaging techniques such as standard photogrammetry may increase the confidence of the radiologist when making his/her diagnosis. In this paper, traditional analytical photogrammetric techniques for the 3D mathematical reconstruction of microcalcifications are presented. The techniques are applied to a specially designed and constructed x-ray transparent Plexiglas phantom (control object). The phantom was embedded with 1.0 mm x-ray opaque lead pellets configured to represent overlapping microcalcifications. Control points on the phantom were determined by standard survey methods and hand measurements. X-ray films were obtained using a LORAD M-III mammography machine. The photogrammetric techniques of relative and absolute orientation were applied to the 2D mammographic films to analytically generate a 3D depth map with an overall accuracy of 0.6 mm. A Bundle Adjustment and the Direct Linear Transform were used to confirm the results.

Current Status and New Developments in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demitrios Tzias ◽  
Elizabeth AM O’Flynn ◽  
Steven D Allen ◽  
A Robin M Wilson ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Frequency Ultrasound ◽  
X Ray

Despite extensive research into new ways of imaging the breast x-ray mammography and breast ultrasound, supplemented where necessary by magnetic resonance imaging, remain the techniques used for the vast majority of breast imaging for screening and the assessment of symptomatic breast problems. Recent advances in these technologies mean that these three techniques are highly effective for both detecting disease and for confirming normality. X-ray based imaging of the breast has been around now for 100 years but it is only in the last 10 years or so that digital technology developments have allowed for major advances in the efficacy of this technique. Digital breast tomosynthesis is currently the most promising technology as it has the potential to both improve detection of breast cancer and greatly reduce the numbers of false positive events. Technological advances in grey scale high frequency ultrasound imaging mean that it is now universally used in both symptomatic diagnosis and breast screening. Newer ultrasound techniques such as 3D imaging, Doppler analyses and elastography add some additional value but so far none of these has achieved their hoped for additional potential. Magnetic resonance imaging is currently the most sensitive imaging technique for the detection and characterisation of breast disease, but its cost remains a barrier to its more widespread use. Nuclear medicine techniques have a role is special circumstances but are yet to show that they should be used in routine practice. There are a large number of potential alternative new imaging techniques for the breast, but, as yet, none of these have shown any significant benefits over the current techniques. Dedicated breast computed tomography has perhaps the best promise but clinically effective breast imaging at present remains in the application and refinement of recent developments in digital mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging.

scholarly journals Digital Analysis in Breast Imaging

Breast Care ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-150
Author(s):  
Giovanna Negrão de Figueiredo ◽  
Michael Ingrisch ◽  
Eva Maria Fallenberg
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Interobserver Variability ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Digital Analysis ◽  
Imaging Analysis ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Malignant Changes

Breast imaging is a multimodal approach that plays an essential role in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Mammography, sonography, magnetic resonance, and image-guided biopsy are imaging techniques used to search for malignant changes in the breast or precursors of malignant changes in, e.g., screening programs or follow-ups after breast cancer treatment. However, these methods still have some disadvantages such as interobserver variability and the mammography sensitivity in women with radiologically dense breasts. In order to overcome these difficulties and decrease the number of false positive findings, improvements in imaging analysis with the help of artificial intelligence are constantly being developed and tested. In addition, the extraction and correlation of imaging features with special tumor characteristics and genetics of the patients in order to get more information about treatment response, prognosis, and also cancer risk are coming more and more in focus. The aim of this review is to address recent developments in digital analysis of images and demonstrate their potential value in multimodal breast imaging.

Layer-Wise Tumor Segmentation of Breast Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-84
Author(s):  
Nishanth Krishnaraj ◽  
A. Mary Mekala ◽  
Bhaskar M. ◽  
Ruban Nersisson ◽  
Alex Noel Joseph Raj
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neural Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Breast Tissue ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Tumor Segmentation ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Life Threatening

Early prediction of cancer type has become very crucial. Breast cancer is common to women and it leads to life threatening. Several imaging techniques have been suggested for timely detection and treatment of breast cancer. More research findings have been done to accurately detect the breast cancer. Automated whole breast ultrasound (AWBUS) is a new breast imaging technology that can render the entire breast anatomy in 3-D volume. The tissue layers in the breast are segmented and the type of lesion in the breast tissue can be identified which is essential for cancer detection. In this chapter, a u-net convolutional neural network architecture is used to implement the segmentation of breast tissues from AWBUS images into the different layers, that is, epidermis, subcutaneous, and muscular layer. The architecture was trained and tested with the AWBUS dataset images. The performance of the proposed scheme was based on accuracy, loss and the F1 score of the neural network that was calculated for each layer of the breast tissue.

Advanced Imaging Techniques for the Detection of Breast Cancer

2012 ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxine Jochelson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Breast Cancer Mortality ◽  
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Overview: Mammography is the only breast imaging examination that has been shown to reduce breast cancer mortality. Population-based sensitivity is 75% to 80%, but sensitivity in high-risk women with dense breasts is only in the range of 50%. Breast ultrasound and contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have become additional standard modalities used in the diagnosis of breast cancer. In high-risk women, ultrasound is known to detect approximately four additional cancers per 1,000 women. MRI is exquisitely sensitive for the detection of breast cancer. In high-risk women, it finds an additional four to five cancers per 100 women. However, both ultrasound and MRI are also known to lead to a large number of additional benign biopsies and short-term follow-up examinations. Many new breast imaging tools have improved and are being developed to improve on our current ability to diagnose early-stage breast cancer. These can be divided into two groups. The first group is those that are advances in current techniques, which include digital breast tomosynthesis and contrast-enhanced mammography and ultrasound with elastography or microbubbles. The other group includes new breast imaging platforms such as breast computed tomography (CT) scanning and radionuclide breast imaging. These are exciting advances. However, in this era of cost and radiation containment, it is imperative to look at all of them objectively to see which will provide clinically relevant additional information.

Can Twitter social media be an effective tool for breast cancer survivor support and education?

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (26_suppl) ◽  
pp. 130-130
Author(s):  
Deanna J. Attai ◽  
Jeffrey Landercasper ◽  
Jody M Schoger ◽  
Alicia C Staley ◽  
Michael S Cowher
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Support ◽  
Patient Resources

130 Background: Despite reported benefits, approximately 60% of women do not attend breast cancer support groups. Many online resources for support exist, but information regarding the effects of participation is lacking. We report the results of a Twitter breast cancer support community participant survey. Methods: The Breast Cancer Social Media (#BCSM) Twitter support community began in July 2011. IRB approval with waiver of informed consent was obtained for a de-identified survey which was posted for two weeks on Twitter and on the #BCSM blog and Facebook page. Results: There were 206 respondents, with a median age of 45-54 and 93% being female. 74% were from the United States. 92% were Caucasian. 83% completed a 4-year college degree. 69% had been treated for breast cancer. 14% reported living with metastatic breast cancer. 72% became aware of #BCSM through Twitter. 45% had been participating in the chats for > 12 months. 81% of respondents reported increased overall knowledge about breast cancer. Increased knowledge through #BCSM was reported in all the following specific domains: 86% survivorship, 80% metastatic breast cancer, 70% cancer types and biology, 66% clinical trials and research, 56% treatment options, 56% breast imaging, 54% genetic testing and risk assessment, and 43% radiotherapy. 31% reported that participation led them to seek a second opinion or bring additional information to the attention of their treatment team. 73% percent reported plans to increase their outreach and advocacy efforts as a result of participation. Levels of reported anxiety before and after participation were analyzed. 29 of 43 patients (67%) who initially reported “high or extreme” anxiety reported “low or no” anxiety after participation (p < 0.001). Also, no patients initially reporting “low or no” anxiety prior to participation reported an increase to “high or extreme anxiety” after participation. Conclusions: While many online breast cancer patient resources exist, data documenting patient educational benefits of participation are lacking. This study demonstrates that breast cancer patients’ perceived knowledge can be increased and that their anxiety can be decreased by participation in a Twitter social media support group.

ROLE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHIC ELASTOGRAPHY IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST MASSES AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO CLASSICAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC EVALUATION

2021 ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar Verma ◽  
Rashmi Rashmi ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Verma ◽  
Mahendra Kumar Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Breast Biopsy ◽  
Strain Ratio ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Breast Masses ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Imaging Department ◽  
Malignant Breast

Introduction: India is experiencing an unprecedented rise in the number of breast cancer cases across all sections of society. Breast cancer is now the most common malignancy in women and the second leading cause of cancer- related mortality. Breast cancer is quite easily and effectively treated, provided it is detected in it's early stages. There is a drastic drop in the survival rates when women present with advanced stage of breast cancer, regardless of the setting. Unfortunately, women in resource-poor and developing countries, like India, generally present at a later stage of disease than women elsewhere, partly due to the absence of effective awareness programs and partly due to the lack of proper mass screening programs Aims And Objectives: The diagnostic performance of elastography in differentiating benign from malignant breast lesions. To assess whether elastography has the potential to reduce the need for breast biopsy /FNAC. Cut off value of Strain Ratio for benign versus malignant breast lesions. Further characterize BI-RADS 3 lesions using elastography Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the GSVM MEDICAL COLLEGE AND LLR HOSPITAL Ethics Committee. All patients that presented to the Radiology and Imaging Department of LLR HOSPITAL for diagnostic work up for breast pathology were included in the study. After obtaining a written and signed informed consent from all patients, they were subjected to conventional B-Mode ultrasonography followed by elastography. All diagnostic breast imaging was done with Samsung RS80A ultrasound machine using linear array transducer of frequency 5-12MHz.Observations & Results: The elastography patterns for each lesion were assessed and documented in color scale. Color images were constructed automatically and displayed as a color-overlay on the B-mode image. The color pattern of each lesion was then evaluated on a scale of 1-5 according to the Tsukuba elasticity scoring system. Conclusion: Strain Ratio cutoff of 3.3 is a sensitive parameter to differentiate benign and malignant breast lesions. Elastography is a specic test for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions. The combined use of elasticity score, strain ratio and B- Mode sonographyincreases the diagnostic performance in distinguishing benign from malignant breast masses.

scholarly journals Assessment of the additional clinical potential of X-ray dark-field imaging for breast cancer in a preclinical setup

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175883592095793
Author(s):  
Julius Emons ◽  
Peter A. Fasching ◽  
Marius Wunderle ◽  
Felix Heindl ◽  
Jens Rieger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Digital Mammography ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dark Field Imaging ◽  
Conventional Mammography ◽  
Malignant Lesions ◽  
Field Imaging

Background: Mammography can identify calcifications up to 50–100 μm in size as a surrogate parameter for breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Microcalcifications measuring <50 µm are also associated with breast cancer or DCIS and are frequently not detected on mammography, although they can be detected with dark-field imaging. This study examined whether additional breast examination using X-ray dark-field imaging can increase the detection rate of calcifications. Advances in knowledge:  (1) evaluation of additional modality of breast imaging;  (2) specific evaluation of breast calcifications. Implications for patient care: the addition of X-ray dark-field imaging to conventional mammography could detect additional calcifications. Methods: Talbot–Lau X-ray phase–contrast imaging and X-ray dark-field imaging were used to acquire images of breast specimens. The radiation dosage with the technique is comparable with conventional mammography. Three X-ray gratings with periods of 5–10 µm between the X-ray tube and the flat-panel detector provide three different images in a single sequence: the conventional attenuation image, differential phase image, and dark-field image. The images were read by radiologists. Radiological findings were marked and examined pathologically. The results were described in a descriptive manner. Results: A total of 81 breast specimens were investigated with the two methods; 199 significant structures were processed pathologically, consisting of 123 benign and 76 malignant lesions (DCIS or invasive breast cancer). X-ray dark-field imaging identified 15 additional histologically confirmed carcinoma lesions that were visible but not declared suspicious on digital mammography alone. Another four malignant lesions that were not visible on mammography were exclusively detected with X-ray dark-field imaging. Conclusions: Adding X-ray dark-field imaging to digital mammography increases the detection rate for breast cancer and DCIS associated lesions with micrometer-sized calcifications. The use of X-ray dark-field imaging may be able to provide more accurate and detailed radiological classification of suspicious breast lesions. Adding X-ray dark-field imaging to mammography may be able to increase the detection rate and improve preoperative planning in deciding between mastectomy or breast-conserving therapy, particularly in patients with invasive lobular breast cancer.

scholarly journals Pros and cons for breast cancer screening with tomosynthesis – a review of the

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Hans Kleinknecht ◽  
Anca Ileana Ciurea ◽  
Cristiana Augusta Ciortea
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Imaging Research

Breast cancer screening programs using mammography proved their value in detecting breast cancer at early stages and, consequently, reducing the mortality from this disease. Due to the technological progress, the screening programs have shifted from screen-film mammography to digital mammography and nowadays digital breast tomosynthesis became the focus of breast imaging research. Using tomosynthesis in screening increases cancer detection rates and decreases recall and false-positive rates, thus improving the effectiveness of breast cancer screening programs, with positive consequences on health care costs and on patient psychology. More long-term follow-up data must be collected for assessing absolute sensitivity and specificity of digital breast tomosynthesis, together with efforts for addressing the limitations of the method.

Imaging Techniques for Breast Cancer Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 188-210
Author(s):  
Debasray Saha ◽  
Neeraj Vaishnav ◽  
Abhimanyu Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Breast Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Protocols ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Screening Ultrasound ◽  
Typical Variety ◽  
Imaging Perspective

Breast cancer is the most typical variety of cancer in women worldwide. Mammography is the “gold standard” for the analysis of the breast from an imaging perspective. Altogether, the techniques used within the management of cancer in all stages are multiple biomedical imaging. Imaging as a very important part of cancer clinical protocols can offer a range of knowledge regarding morphology, structure, metabolism, and functions. Supported by relevant literature, this text provides an outline of the previous and new modalities employed in the sector of breast imaging. Any progress in technology can result in increased imaging speed to satisfy physiological processes necessities. One of the problems within the designation of breast cancer is sensitivity limitation. To overcome this limitation, complementary imaging examinations are used that historically include screening, ultrasound, MRI, etc.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document