Foam Rubber Pica and Cautopyreiophagia in a Highly Educated Woman: A Clinical Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 153465012110142
Author(s):  
Michael Van Wert ◽  
Kelsey McVey ◽  
Tammy Donohue ◽  
Taylor Wasserstein ◽  
Jefferson Curry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
American Woman ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
Treatment Team ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Foam Rubber ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Outpatient Program

Pica, the developmentally and culturally-inappropriate eating of non-nutritive and non-food substances, is most often documented in people with developmental disabilities and children, frequently in institutional and residential settings. To date, there are no randomized clinical trials on pica-specific treatments, and very little literature is available regarding the characteristics or treatment of pica in adults with no intellectual or social deficits, and co-morbid disorders. This case study addresses this gap, and involves a highly educated 30 year-old American woman with foam rubber pica and burned match consumption (cautopyreiophagia) behaviors, along with co-morbid depressive, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, who received treatment in a general intensive outpatient program for adults in a large urban community psychiatry setting. The case study describes how the Biosocial Theory and Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change were used to conceptualize this woman’s symptoms and guide a treatment team of clinicians who did not specialize in pica. Providers in non-specialty clinic settings would benefit from reflecting on ways to adapt evidence-based techniques to the treatment of uncommon symptoms.

Using the Transtheoretical Model of Change to Improve Lifestyle Behaviors in a Woman With Metabolic Syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Kimberly M. Davis ◽  
Patricia T. Alpert ◽  
Marcia Clevesy
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Transtheoretical Model ◽  
African American Woman ◽  
Change Theory ◽  
American Woman ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Case Patient

Purpose: To provide information on how the stages of change theory can be initiated using a case study of a 64-year-old African American woman with metabolic syndrome. A questionnaire on lifestyle modifications operationalizes the stages of change theory and the case patient illustrates the process of change using this questionnaire. Data Source: An exhaustive literature review was conducted on the stages of change theory. The questionnaire used in the clinical setting presented as part of this case study encapsulates the stages of change theory after being modified from a similar tool used by the Ohio Department of Health Fresh Start Program. Conclusion: Using an objective tool to assess progress made by this case patient demonstrates the value of being able to monitor lifestyle modifications for patients with chronic diseases. Significance for Practice: This questionnaire provides a means to assess change over time and can help both patient and provider identify outcomes of treatment.

Designing for Dissemination in Chronic Disease Prevention and Management

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neville Owen ◽  
Ana Goode ◽  
Takemi Sugiyama ◽  
Mohammad Javad Koohsari ◽  
Genevieve Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Health Behavior Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Rigorous Study ◽  
Behavior Change Program

This chapter emphasizes the need for research that is designed and implemented explicitly with dissemination in mind. This is illustrated in relation to environmental and policy initiatives to influence physical activity through active transport, and through the example of initiatives to reduce workplace sitting. The other element of this chapter, the broad-reach intervention-dissemination case study of a health behavior-change program, highlights the need to maintain key elements of research quality in designing for dissemination, to the extent that is practically possible: a rigorous study design; the systematic tracking of implementation and related costs; and, the conduct of dose-response, maintenance and cost-effectiveness analyses. These examples of designing for dissemination illustrate not only the exciting opportunities for real-world dissemination research, but also the resourcefulness and commitment required for success.

Introduction to Confucian Psychology: Background, Content, and an Agenda for the Future

2021 ◽  
pp. 097133362199044
Author(s):  
James H. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Self Reflection ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
New Confucianism ◽  
Diary Writing ◽  
Confucian Philosophy ◽  
Zeng Guofan ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Background Content

Psychology has a pervasive but shallow engagement with Confucian philosophy, mainly referencing its popular form as a part of Chinese tradition. This special issue takes a more systematic view of Confucianism as comprehensive philosophy. Drawing from New Confucianism, it is argued that the signal contribution of Confucianism to psychology as human (rather than natural) science is an ontology of the moral mind (heaven and humanity in union). This holistic ontology makes the cultivation of benevolence (仁) a lifelong mission for Confucianists. Practices of self-cultivation are exemplified by a case study of Zeng Guofan, a Qing Dynasty official and scholar, who combined academics, calligraphy, meditation, diary writing and self-reflection to refine his character, nurture and educate his family, and be of service to society. Second, Confucianism’s traditional lack of interest in epistemology is addressed through the complementary (dialectical) principle of ‘one principle, many manifestations’, where methods of Western science can be incorporated into the investigation of practices such as brush calligraphy that are shown to have beneficial effects on mental and physical health. Confucianism can also be treated as an object of scientific inquiry: We find that even among highly educated Chinese people, understanding of Confucianism today is mostly fragmented and abstract. Confucian Psychology can be summarised as a psychology of aspirations for bettering the condition of humanity through character development and greater awareness of the situation to realise the endowment of moral mind. Finally, there are deep connections between Confucian and Indian psychology—both involve height psychology, a psychology of aspirations and for spiritual transformation.

scholarly journals Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 025371762199673
Author(s):  
Joel Philip ◽  
Vinu Cherian
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Third Wave ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Change Acceptance ◽  
Commitment Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Recent years have witnessed an increased interest in the use of “third-wave” psychotherapies in treating psychiatric disorders. These newer therapies are fundamentally different from the existing techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy in terms of their guiding principles and processes of change. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is the most prominent among these “third wave” psychotherapies. However, there have not been any reports from India, thus far, that have studied the use of ACT in treating obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). We describe a case of OCD that was successfully treated with eight sessions of ACT, with the results being maintained over a one-month follow-up period. Postintervention tests revealed a significant decrease in obsessive–compulsive symptoms and an associated increase in psychological flexibility. This case study highlights the possible utility of ACT as a therapeutic intervention in OCD, especially when combined with pharmacotherapy.

What Kind of People Use Carsharing for Commuting? Case Study in Shanghai

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (5) ◽  
pp. 770-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhong Ye ◽  
Daoge Wang ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Hong Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Commuting Mode ◽  
Study Offer

Carsharing as a service has been growing rapidly worldwide. Its expansion has drawn wide attention in the research community with regard to the underlying driving factors and user characteristics. Despite these extensive investigations, there are still limited studies focusing on the examination of users using carsharing as a commuting mode. The answers to questions such as what kind of people would like to use carsharing for commuting and why they frequently use carsharing to commute are not clear. To enrich our understanding of these problems, this paper aims to investigate carsharing commuters in a mega city. Specifically, it intends to integrate the actual user order data with survey data from 1,920 participants to uncover the characteristics of carsharing commuters. Data from the Evcard carsharing systems in Shanghai were explicitly analyzed. Through descriptive analysis and logistic regression models, the characteristics and critical factors that affect the choice of carsharing as a commuting mode were captured. The results show that: 1. carsharing commuters mostly live or work in suburban areas in which public transport accessibility is limited; 2. carsharing commuters are more likely to be highly educated, in a higher income bracket, and older than other carsharing members; 3. high-frequency carsharing commuters own a reduced number of private cars; and 4. those high-frequency carsharing commuters with higher income are less sensitive to the carsharing costs caused by congestion. The findings in the study offer some insights into carsharing commuters and provide some supportive information for considering policies in developing carsharing systems in urban areas.

Moral Reform and Feminism: A Case Study

1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Jeffress Little
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Women Activists ◽  
American Woman ◽  
The United States ◽  
Moral Reform ◽  
Reform Movements ◽  
Time Period ◽  
International Reputation ◽  
The Subject

For the uninitiated the subject of moral reform appears to be a topic best suited for examining the traditional view of the Latin American woman: that of a female preoccupied with sin and salvation and with no interest in the world outside the home or increased rights for her sex. Closer investigation reveals, however, that moral reform movements often have indicated women's active presence and concern about the direction of a nation's social policies and customs. (Addams, 1912: 160-195; Davis, 1973; Smith-Rosenberg, 1971: 381-385, 562-564). Involvement in moral reform activities often but not always has meant that a woman considered herself a feminist and believed that the goals of these two movements were inextricably linked together. In order to explore these two hypotheses, this essay will focus on Paulina Luisi (1875-1950), an Uruguayan doctor whose lifelong dedication to moral reform and feminism earned her an international reputation as a fighter for one sexual moral standard and women's rights (Mapons, 1950; Scarone, 1937: 284-289). Examining her extensive writings and many projects provides an excellent insight into two movements which claimed the loyalty of numerous women activists, both bourgeois and socialist, in Latin America, Europe, and the United States (Addams, 1912; Chataway, 1962; Lloyd, 1971; Luisi, 1948). Given the Latin American context and the time period, Luisi can be seen as a major figure in the international feminist and moral reform movements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document