Integration of Human Factors into Electronic Digital Watch Design

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 141-144
Author(s):  
Andrew D. Le Cocq
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
Filter Selection

Integrating human factors considerations into the design of a digital watch involved a number of factors relating to both display and control considerations. This paper discusses studies performed to determine specific display and control requirements during the design of the Texas Instruments Microelectronic Digital watch. These studies included Light Emitting Diode (LED) and display filter selection, automatic brightness dimming and operational procedures.

Design, Measurements and Characterization of Smart Electronic Board for PV Streetlight based on LED and High Intensity Discharge Lamps

2013 ◽  
pp. 153-165
Author(s):  
Paolo Visconti ◽  
Daniele Romanello ◽  
Giovanni Zizzari ◽  
Vito Ventura ◽  
Giorgio Cavalera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Electronic Board ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Hid Lamps

This work presents an electronic board for driving and control of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps. The proposed electronic board is able to drive HID or LED lamps by means of a reconfigurable output. This feature allows using the ballast in lighting systems that currently use traditional discharge lamps, as well as keeping the same ballast when discharge lamps are replaced by LED modules in the near future, when LED street lighting systems will be more affordable. Additionally, since the lighting system is designed to be used in rural areas where there is no public electricity, each lighting point incorporates a system to convert solar energy into continuous voltage by means of photovoltaic panels. In this work, energy saving issues are taken into account.

Human Factors Impacts of Light-Emitting Diode Airfield Lighting

2017 ◽  
Vol 2626 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Bullough
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Incandescent Light ◽  
Color Identification ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) differ from incandescent light sources in several ways that are relevant to energy and maintenance requirements of airfield lighting systems. They have higher luminous efficacy and, when designed properly, have longer useful operating lives; both factors make LEDs attractive candidates for airfield lighting. The photometric, colorimetric, and temporal characteristics of LEDs also differ from those of incandescent light sources, and these can have important implications for the appearance of runway and taxiway lighting systems. The present paper reviews publications summarizing experimental and analytical investigations designed to assess these implications with respect to the following human factors impacts: color identification, brightness and glare, visibility in fog and haze, response to onset of flashing lights, and stroboscopic effects such as the phantom array. Overall, this review of experimental evidence suggests that, in addition to their reduced energy use and maintenance requirements, LED airfield lighting can be advantageous in comparison with incandescent lighting systems used to delineate airport runways and taxiways.

Design and Control of Genetic Algorithm-Based Multi-Station LED Chip Waxing Machine

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 1856-1860
Author(s):  
Xiang Yu Sun ◽  
Ying Chun Zhang ◽  
Zuo Xun Wang ◽  
Tao Hao
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Automated Assembly ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Single Station ◽  
Line Work ◽  
And Control ◽  
Serial Mode ◽  
Working Efficiency

Based on the existing LED (light emitting diode) chip waxing machine running in single-station serial mode, a multi-station LED chip waxing machine was designed which made creative improvements on the revolving platform of the waxing machine. Working efficiency was greatly increased with multi-station continuous parallel working mode. The control system used genetic algorithm-based PID (proportion integration differentiation) control to precisely control the revolving platform and all the manipulators, so that the waxing machine would carry out the fully automated assembly line work.

scholarly journals Assessing the Therapeutic Effect of 630 nm Light-Emitting Diodes Irradiation on the Recovery of Exercise-Induced Hand Muscle Fatigue with Surface Electromyogram

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Yang ◽  
Xiaoying Wu ◽  
Wensheng Hou ◽  
Xiaolin Zheng ◽  
Jun Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Hand Muscle ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Flexor Digitorum ◽  
And Control

This paper aims to investigate the effect of light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on exercise-induced hand muscle fatigue by measuring the surface electromyography (sEMG) of flexor digitorum superficialis. Ten healthy volunteers were randomly placed in the equal sized LEDT group and control group. All subjects performed a sustained fatiguing isometric contraction with the combination of four fingertips except thumb at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until exhaustion. The active LEDT or an identical passive rest therapy was then applied to flexor digitorum superficialis. Each subject was required to perform a re-fatigue task immediately after therapy which was the same as the pre-fatigue task. Average rectified value (ARV) and fractal dimension (FD) of sEMG were calculated. ARV and FD were significantly different between active LEDT and passive rest groups at 20%–50%, 70%–80%, and 100% of normalized contraction time (P<0.05). Compared to passive rest, active LEDT induced significantly smaller increase in ARV values and decrease in FD values, which shows that LEDT is effective on the recovery of muscle fatigue. Our preliminary results also suggest that ARV and FD are potential replacements of biochemical markers to assess the effects of LEDT on muscle fatigue.

LIGHT EMITTING DIODE DRIVERS AND CONTROL

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 267-286
Author(s):  
STEVE WINDER
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Constant Current Source ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Control Techniques ◽  
Switching Regulator ◽  
Step Down ◽  
And Control

This paper outlines the various driving and control techniques for Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). LEDs should be driven from a constant current source. High power LEDs are usually driven from a switching regulator, for reasons of efficiency. The types of drivers described include Buck (step-down), Boost (step-up) and Buck-Boost (step-up or step-down). Isolated drivers and Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuits are also described. This brief paper can only describe the basic outline of these circuits, but this should be sufficient to allow the basic principles to be understood.

scholarly journals Development of IoT based solution for monitoring & controlling of loads using Google Assistant with Home Security System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abdul Rahiman ◽  
D Manohar
Keyword(s):  
Smart Home ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Security System ◽  
Normal Families ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Cloud Application ◽  
And Control ◽  
Monitor And Control

The main aim of this project is to make a cost effective device which is used to monitor and control the loads by using simple voice commands. Previously we have ALEXA, SIRI & GOOGLE HOME which makes us more expensive. Even now when technology is handy enough only the well to do people of the society are blessed with these new smart home devices, as these devices costs are a bit high. However, not everyone is wealthy enough to be able to afford a human assistant, or some smart home kit. Hence, the need for finding an inexpensive and smart assistant for normal families keeps growing. This project proposes such inexpensive system. It uses the Google Assistant, the IFTTT application, the remoteme.org cloud application and the NodeMCU microcontroller as the major components along with a relay board comprising of 4 relays along with different sensors are working in this. Natural language voice is used to give commands to the Google Assistant All of the components are connected over the internet using Wi-Fi which puts this system under the IoT. And also we monitor data in this that is we using the different sensors like IR sensors, LDR (Light Emitting Diode) sensors etc; Not only to monitor and control the Loads but also providing the Security System to the Home, whenever the thief or the visitor enter into the room the owners will get push notification in their smart phone and also capturing the photos of visitors and uploaded to the Google Drive.

scholarly journals Smart Street Lighting Detecting Vehicle and Pedestrian Movement Aiming for Sustainable Bhutan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 4276-4281
Keyword(s):  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Fluorescent Lamp ◽  
Infrared Source ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Global Issue ◽  
High Initial Cost ◽  
Compact Fluorescent Lamp ◽  
And Control

An energy crisis is global issue nowadays. Bhutan however, does not realize it being blessed with good geographical and demographical diversity. It is high time that Bhutan realize the need of energy conservation technique. The electrical energy is wasted unnecessarily which starts from keeping the mobile charger plugged in the socket when not in use to lamps keeping ON in streets throughout day and night. People don’t seem to care but monitoring it for better conservation benefit has become crucial in underdeveloped countries like Bhutan whose source of energy is limited to hydropower only. Wind and solar generations are feasible but the energy cost per unit would be very high due to high initial cost. A case study conducted within the college campus revealed tremendous savings a college can make just by replacing conventional compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) with light emitting diode (LED). Therefore, the best option for Bhutan and Bhutanese people is to take better care of the existing energy sources and use it judiciously. This paper proposes a method to monitor and control the street/compound lighting in a smarter way. The two types of sensors are employed. The light dependent resistor (LDR) is used to monitor the intensity or brightness of surrounding and passive infrared (PIR) sensor is employed for detecting infrared source. The sensor output is processed and monitored by the PIC16F877A microcontroller. Moreover, the incandescent lamp and the compact fluorescent lamp will be replaced by LED lamps. The project aims to reduce power consumption in Bhutan through proposer control of street/compound lighting so as to have better economy of the country by exporting more unit of energy to neighboring country.

Design, Measurements and Characterization of Smart Electronic Board for PV Streetlight Based on LED and High Intensity Discharge Lamps

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Paolo Visconti ◽  
Daniele Romanello ◽  
Giovanni Zizzari ◽  
Vito Ventura ◽  
Giorgio Cavalera
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Electronic Board ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
And Control ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Hid Lamps

This work presents an electronic board for driving and control of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps. The proposed electronic board is able to drive HID or LED lamps by means of a reconfigurable output. This feature allows using the ballast in lighting systems that currently use traditional discharge lamps, as well as keeping the same ballast when discharge lamps are replaced by LED modules in the near future, when LED street lighting systems will be more affordable. Additionally, since the lighting system is designed to be used in rural areas where there is no public electricity, each lighting point incorporates a system to convert solar energy into continuous voltage by means of photovoltaic panels. In this work, energy saving issues are taken into account.

Electronic Instrument Panel Displays

1998 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Instrument Panel ◽  
Electronic Systems ◽  
Electronic Instrument ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Display Technology ◽  
The Many ◽  
Holographic Displays ◽  
Display Systems

Electronic instrument panel displays systems covers the many technical considerations of instrument panel display systems including brightness, contrast, temperature sensitivity, space requirements, color capabilities and human factors concepts. As part of the Progress in Technology Electronics Series, this book contains 40 technical papers written in the last eleven years on the progress of instrument panel displays and their corresponding electronic systems. Papers are grouped according to display technology and present the most recent advances in that area plus several of historical interest. Electronic Instrument Panel Display Systems is divided into ten sections: vacuum fluorescent displays; fluorescent indicator panels; liquid crystal displays; electroluminescent displays; light emitting diode displays; electroluminescent displays; light emitting diode displays; cathode ray tube displays; head up displays; virtual and holographic displays; reconfigurable displays; and human factors considerations.

scholarly journals Bidirectional Communication System on Power Line Integrated on Electronic Board for Driving of LED and HID Lamps

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
P. Visconti ◽  
S. D'Amico ◽  
A. Baschirotto ◽  
D. Romanello ◽  
P. Costantini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication System ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Power Line ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Communication Techniques ◽  
Electronic Board ◽  
And Control

We present the bidirectional power line communication system developed in parallel to an electronic board for driving and control of HID (high-intensity discharge) and LED (light-emitting diode) lamps. The communication system, developed to be applied in the sector of public illumination, is been designed to combine high efficiency and reliability with low production costs; it consists indeed of discrete cheap components. The communication system described in this paper implements the technique of transporting digital information over existing power lines, avoiding the issue of installing new cables. Digitized signals can use power line cables through the amplitude voltage and current modulation. The solution proposed is more advantageous compared to communication techniques currently on the market which are essentially two types, power line carrier (modem for high-voltage lines) or radio (zig-Bee transceiver).

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