Signal Detection Performance as a Function of Fourier Description of Symbols

1987 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1198-1201
Author(s):  
William P. Marshak ◽  
John C. Osarczuk
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Decision Time ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Detection Experiment ◽  
Work Station ◽  
Time Variance ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Signal Detection Task

Performance on a signal detection task was explainable by differences between the two dimensional Fourier transforms of the background and target stimuli. A signal detection experiment by Marshak and Osarczuk (1984) used target and background stimuli designed to systematically differ in spatial frequency and orientation. They found that the hypothesized Fourier differences increased sensitivity and decreased decision time. The present paper reports the Fourier analysis of those stimuli which verify and quantify the stimulus manipulation. Multiple regressions were computed using differences in frequency and orientation to explain performance. The results were that 83 percent of d-prime and 74 percent of the decision time variance could be explained by the Fourier differences. These findings indicate that Fourier descriptions of symbols may be used to predict their effectiveness in work station environments.

scholarly journals Vortioxetine Differentially Modulates MK-801-Induced Changes in Visual Signal Detection Task Performance and Locomotor Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd M. Hillhouse ◽  
Christina R. Merritt ◽  
Douglas A. Smith ◽  
Manuel Cajina ◽  
Connie Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Visual Signal ◽  
Mk 801 ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Collaborative Metacognition in Signal Detection Decision Making

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1704-1708
Author(s):  
Jackson Duncan-Reid ◽  
Jason S. McCarley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Metacognitive Awareness ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Metacognitive Judgments ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Sensitive Individual

When individuals work together to make decisions in a signal detection task, they typically achieve greater sensitivity as a group than they could each achieve on their own. The present experiments investigate whether metacognitive, or Type 2, signal detection judgements would show a similar pattern of collaborative benefit. Thirty-two participants in Experiment 1 and sixty participants in Experiment 2 completed a signal detection task individually and in groups, and measures of Type 1 and Type 2 sensitivity were calculated from participants’ confidence judgments. Bayesian parameter estimates suggested that regardless of whether teams are given feedback on their performance (Experiment 1) or receive no feedback (Experiment 2), no credible differences were observed in metacognitive efficiency between the teams and the better members, nor between the teams and the worse members. These findings suggest that teams may self-assess their performance by deferring metacognitive judgments to the most metacognitively sensitive individual within the team, even without trial-by-trial feedback, rather than integrating their judgments and achieving increased metacognitive awareness of their own performance.

scholarly journals Exploring the Effect of Stimuli Characteristics on Signal Detection Performance: Sex Influenced Targeting Bias

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1615-1619
Author(s):  
Jessica Williams ◽  
Rhyse Bendell ◽  
Jason Parker ◽  
Andrew Talone ◽  
Jordan Sasser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Virtual Environment ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Exploratory Analysis ◽  
Response Criterion ◽  
Male Character ◽  
Perceptual Sensitivity ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Social Biases

Research has shown that the perceived sex (female versus male features) of a presented threat can influence participants’ responses. This exploratory analysis examined data from an experiment which utilized a virtual reality signal detection task. Six categorically different character models (three males and three females) transported one of five potential objects (one signal: pistol; five noise: gardening tools) across a virtual environment. The focus of our analysis was to explore the influence of participant sex and character gender on participants' perceptual sensitivity ( d’) and response criterion ( C). Results suggest that character gender had significant effects on d’ and C such that male character models resulted in greater perceptual sensitivity and a more liberal response criterion. Our findings align with previous research that characterize females as less likely to be targeted as a threat, possibly due to stereotypes or predisposed social biases, as opposed to males.

scholarly journals Sex-related Differences in Spatial Ability and Signal Detection Task Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 1239-1243
Author(s):  
Rhyse Bendell ◽  
Florian Jentsch
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Spatial Ability ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Continuous Signal ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conventional Signal

Sex-related differences in spatial ability have regularly shown a slight performance advantage among males on standard tests; however, the impact of these differences in real-world tasks that may depend on spatial ability has rarely been investigated. We conducted an experiment to evaluate the relationship between sex-related differences in spatial ability as quantified by two measures (Thurstone’s Mental Rotation test and the Spatial Reasoning Instrument), and performance in a conventional signal detection task. Mixed results showed some support for slightly improved male spatial ability. We then conducted a follow-up experiment to investigate sex-related differences in spatial ability and with respect to performance in a continuous signal detection task. Slight male advantages in performance of the spatial ability measures emerged, and also in the continuous signal detection task, but not for the conventional signal detection task.

The late positive components of the human EEG in a signal detection task☆

1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Cael ◽  
Allan Nash ◽  
Jay J. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Human Eeg ◽  
Signal Detection Task

scholarly journals The off-line effect of affective touch on multisensory integration and tactile perceptual accuracy during the somatic signal detection task

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261060
Author(s):  
Sofia Sacchetti ◽  
Francis McGlone ◽  
Valentina Cazzato ◽  
Laura Mirams
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Multisensory Integration ◽  
Detection Task ◽  
Perceptual Accuracy ◽  
Affective Touch ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Somatic Signal ◽  
Signal Detection Task ◽  
Ct System ◽  
Somatic Signal Detection Task

Affective touch refers to the emotional and motivational facets of tactile sensation and has been linked to the activation of a specialised system of mechanosensory afferents (the CT system), that respond optimally to slow caress-like touch. Affective touch has been shown to play an important role in the building of the bodily self: the multisensory integrated global awareness of one’s own body. Here we investigated the effects of affective touch on subsequent tactile awareness and multisensory integration using the Somatic Signal Detection Task (SSDT). During the SSDT, participants were required to detect near-threshold tactile stimulation on their cheek, in the presence/absence of a concomitant light. Participants repeated the SSDT twice, before and after receiving a touch manipulation. Participants were divided into two groups: one received affective touch (CT optimal; n = 32), and the second received non-affective touch (non-CT optimal; n = 34). Levels of arousal (skin conductance levels, SCLs) and mood changes after the touch manipulation were also measured. Affective touch led to an increase in tactile accuracy, as indicated by less false reports of touch and a trend towards higher tactile sensitivity during the subsequent SSDT. Conversely, non-affective touch was found to induce a partial decrease in the correct detection of touch possibly due to a desensitization of skin mechanoreceptors. Both affective and non-affective touch induced a more positive mood and higher SCLs in participants. The increase in SCLs was greater after affective touch. We conclude that receiving affective touch enhances the sense of bodily self therefore increasing perceptual accuracy and awareness. Higher SCLs are suggested to be a possible mediator linking affective touch to a greater tactile accuracy. Clinical implications are discussed.

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