The Strengthening Mechanism of Resin Cements on Porcelain Surfaces

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J.P. Fleming ◽  
F.R. Maguire ◽  
G. Bhamra ◽  
F.M. Burke ◽  
P.M. Marquis
Keyword(s):  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Fracture Origin ◽  
Large Defect ◽  
Cement Interface ◽  
Strength Enhancement ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Pre Treatment

All-ceramic crowns bonded with resin cements have increased performance, and two theories have been proposed. Marquis (1992) suggested that the resin modified defects by crack healing, while Nathanson (1993) proposed that resin polymerization shrinkage strengthened porcelains. Both theories imply a sensitivity of strengthening to defect size. The hypothesis tested was that resin strength enhancement is independent of defect severity. We ground 200 porcelain discs to remove imperfections and indented 120 to create a large defect. Discs were tested dry, wet, and after being coated with 75–100 μm of resin cement in bi-axial flexure. Disc strength with and without indentations was increased significantly when coated with 2 resin cements. Both cements significantly increased the strength independent of defect population, and the hypothesis was accepted. It is proposed that the combination of surface pre-treatment and cement moved the fracture origin from the porcelain/cement interface to the cement surface, consistent with resin strength enhancement independent of defect severity.

scholarly journals Polymer-Based Bioactive Luting Agents for Cementation of All-Ceramic Crowns: An SEM, EDX, Microleakage, Fracture Strength, and Color Stability Study

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 4227
Author(s):  
Samer Al-Saleh ◽  
Turki W. Aboghosh ◽  
Mousa S. Hazazi ◽  
Khalid A. Binsaeed ◽  
Abdulaziz M. Almuhaisen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Strength ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Group 2

The aim of the study was to compare microleakage and fracture loads of all ceramic crowns luted with conventional polymer resins and polymeric bioactive cements and to assess the color stability of polymeric bioactive cements. Seventy-five extracted premolar teeth were tested for fracture loads and microleakage in all-ceramic crowns cemented with two types of polymeric bioactive cements and resin cements. In addition, the degree of color change for each cement with coffee was assessed. Thirty maxillary premolar teeth for fracture loads and thirty mandibular premolar teeth for microleakage were prepared; standardized teeth preparations were performed by a single experienced operator. All prepared specimens were randomly distributed to three groups (n = 20) based on the type of cement, Group 1: resin cement (Multilink N); Group 2: polymeric bioactive cement (ACTIVA); Group 3: polymeric bioactive cement (Ceramir). The cementation procedures for all cements (Multilink, ACTIVA, and Ceramir) were performed according to the manufacturers’ instructions. All specimens were aged using thermocycling for 30,000 cycles (5–55 °C, dwell time 30 s). These specimens were tested using the universal testing machine for fracture strength and with a micro-CT for microleakage. For the color stability evaluation, the cement specimens were immersed in coffee and evaluated with a spectrometer. Results: The highest and lowest means for fracture loads were observed in resin cements (49.5 ± 8.85) and Ceramir (39.8 ± 9.16), respectively. Ceramir (2.563 ± 0.71) showed the highest microleakage compared to resin (0.70 ± 0.75) and ACTIVA (0.61 ± 0.56). ACTIVA cements showed comparable fracture loads, microleakage, and stain resistance compared to resin cements.

scholarly journals In vitro evaluation of microleakage of various types of dental cements

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Medic ◽  
Kosovka Obradovic-Djuricic ◽  
Slobodan Dodic ◽  
Renata Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Glass Ionomer Cement ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Cement Interface ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Ceramic Crown

Introduction. Microleakage is defined as the clinically undetectable seepage of oral fluids containing bacteria and debris between cement layer and tooth restoration. Objective. This in vitro study investigated the effect of different dental cements (zinc-phosphate, polycarboxylate, glass-ionomer and resin cement) on microleakage in different ceramic crown systems (metal ceramic crown, metal ceramic crown with a porcelain margin, Empress 2 and In Ceram all-ceramic crowns) fixed on extracted human teeth. Methods. One hundred and sixty intact human premolars were randomized to four groups of forty teeth each, according to the different ceramic crown systems. They were prepared in a standardized manner for metal-ceramic and all-ceramic crowns. Crowns were made following a standard laboratory technique, and each group of crowns were divided into four groups according to the different cement agents and cemented on their respective abutments. The specimens were subjected to thermocycling, placed in methylene blue solutions, embedded in resin blocks and vertically cut in the bucco-oral and meso-distal direction. The microleakage in the area of tooth-cement interface was defined as linear penetration of methylene blue and was determined with a microscope to assign microleakage scores using a five-point scale. Results. A significant association was found between a cement type and degree of microleakage (p=0.001). No statistically significant differences were found among the different ceramic crown systems luted with the same dental cement. The smallest degree of microleakage was observed in specimens luted with resin cement (X=1.73), followed by glass-ionomer cement (X=2.45) and polycarboxylate cement (X=3.20). The greatest degree of microleakage was detected in the crowns fixed with zincphosphate cement (X=3.33). Conclusion. The investigated dental cements revealed different sealing abilities. The use of resin cement resulted in the percentage of 0 microleakage scores. Due to this feature, the resin cement is to be recommended in everyday clinical practice.

Microleakage of All-ceramic Crowns Using Self-etching Resin Luting Agents

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Trajtenberg ◽  
S. J. Caram ◽  
S. Kiat-amnuay
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Adhesive Resin ◽  
Luting Agents ◽  
Relyx Unicem ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Die Spacer

Clinical Relevance Among the self-adhesive resin cements, Panavia F 2.0 demonstrated less microleakage than RelyX Unicem or Multilink, whether or not a die spacer technique was used.

Premolar Axial Wall Height Effect on CAD/CAM Crown Retention

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 666-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Gillette ◽  
R Buck ◽  
N DuVall ◽  
S Cushen ◽  
M Wajdowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Lithium Disilicate ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Failure Resistance ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Post Hoc

SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate the significance of reduced axial wall height on retention of adhesively luted, all-ceramic, lithium disilicate premolar computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) crowns based on preparations with a near ideal total occlusal convergence of 10°. Methods: Forty-eight recently extracted premolars were randomly divided into four groups (n=12). Each group received all-ceramic CAD/CAM crown preparations featuring axial wall heights of 0, 1, 2, and 3 mm, respectively, all with a 10° total occlusal convergence. Scanned preparations were fitted with lithium disilicate all-ceramic crowns that were luted with a self-etching resin cement. Specimens were tested to failure at a 45° angle to the tooth long axis with failure load converted to megapascals (MPa) based on the measured bonding surface area. Mean data were analyzed using analysis of variance/Tukey's post hoc test (α=0.05). Results: Lithium disilicate crowns adhesively luted on preparations with 0 axial wall height demonstrated significantly less failure resistance compared with the crowns luted on preparations with axial wall heights of 1 to 3 mm. There was no failure stress difference between preparations with 1 to 3 mm axial wall height. Conclusions: Under conditions of this study, adhesively luted lithium disilicate bicuspid crowns with a total occlusal convergence of 10° demonstrated similar failure resistance independent of axial wall height of 1 to 3 mm. This study provides some evidence that adhesion combined with an ideal total occlusal convergence may compensate for reduced axial wall height.

scholarly journals Influence of the fabrication method on the fracture behavior of all-ceramic prosthesis

Cerâmica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (370) ◽  
pp. 284-287
Author(s):  
A. C. Piccoli ◽  
M. Borba
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Slip Casting ◽  
Fracture Load ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Crowns ◽  
Student’S T

Abstract Different methods are available to produce all-ceramic dental prosthesis. Each processing step may introduce flaws to the material, which compromises its properties and reliability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fabrication method on the fracture behavior of prosthetic crowns produced with an alumina-based glass-infiltrated zirconia-reinforced ceramic. Two groups of all-ceramic crowns were produced according to the fabrication method of the infrastructure (IS) (n=30): IZC - IS produced by CAD-CAM; IZS - IS produced by slip-casting. The IS were veneered with porcelain and cemented to fiber-reinforced composite dies with resin cement. Crowns were loaded in compression to failure using a universal testing machine, at 1 mm/min crosshead speed and 37 ºC distilled water. Fractography was performed using stereomicroscope and SEM. Data were statistically analyzed with Student’s t test (α=0.05) and Weibull analysis. There were no significant differences among the experimental groups for fracture load (p=0.481) and Weibull modulus. For both groups, the failure mode was catastrophic failure involving IS and porcelain. It was concluded that the fabrication methods evaluated resulted in all-ceramic crowns with similar fracture behavior and reliability.

Quantifying the Strength of a Resin-coated Dental Ceramic

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 542-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Addison ◽  
P.M. Marquis ◽  
G.J.P. Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Surface Texture ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Strengthening Mechanisms ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Strength Enhancement ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ceramic Restorations ◽  
Abrasive Paper

Resin luting all-ceramic restorations increases clinical performance; however, the strengthening mechanisms are not fully understood. The authors have previously proposed the existence of a resin-ceramic hybrid layer, and the hypothesis tested was that ceramic strength enhancement was conferred by the characteristics of the resin-ceramic hybrid layer. Dentin porcelain discs were polished with a P4000-grade abrasive paper, and half were centrally indented at 9.8 N. Further discs were alumina-air-abraded. Groups of 30 specimens were coated with resin cement thicknesses varying from 0 to 250 ± 20 μm before bi-axial flexure testing. Following investigation of residual stresses by annealing, regression analysis enabled us to calculate the magnitude of ’actual’ strengthening for a theoretical ’zero’ thickness of resin cement on each surface texture. Accounting for resin bulk strengthening, resin cement coating significantly increased the mean strength that was attributed to a resin-ceramic hybrid layer sensitive to surface texture.

scholarly journals Degree of Conversion and Mechanical Properties of Resin Cements Cured Through Different All-Ceramic Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 484-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila de Carvalho Almança Lopes ◽  
Renata Borges Rodrigues ◽  
André Luis Faria e Silva ◽  
Paulo Cézar Simamoto Júnior ◽  
Carlos José Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Indentation Test ◽  
Degree Of Conversion ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Halogen Light ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Light Curing ◽  
Better Than

Abstract: The aim of this study was to verify the degree of conversion (DC), Vickers microhardness (VH) and elastic modulus (E) of resin cements cured through different ceramic systems. One 1.5-mm-thick disc of each ceramic system (feldspathic, lithium dissilicate and zircônia veneered with feldspathic) was used. Three dual-cured (Allcem, Variolink II and RelyX U200) and one chemically-cured (Multilink) resin cements were activated through ceramic discs. For dual-cured resin cements was used a conventional halogen light-curing unit (Optilux 501 at 650 mW/cm2 for 120 s). Samples cured without the ceramic disc were used as control. The samples were stored at 37 °C for 24 h. ATR/FTIR spectrometry was used to evaluate the extent of polymerization in the samples (n=5). Micromechanical properties - VH and E - of the resin cements (n=5) were measured with a dynamic indentation test. Data were statistically analyzed with two-way ANOVA, Tukey's test and Pearson's correlation (α=0.05). DC was affected only by the type of resin cement (p=0.001). For VH, significant interaction was detected between resin cement and ceramic (p=0.045). The dual-cured resin cements showed no significant differences in mean values for E and significantly higher values than the chemically-cured resin cement. The degree of conversion and the mechanical properties of the evaluated resin cements depend on their activation mode and the type of ceramics used in 1.5 mm thickness. The dual-cured resin cements performed better than the chemically-cured resin cement in all studied properties.

scholarly journals Can the silane heat treatment influence the bond durability between resin cements and a dental ceramic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Luís Almeida de CARVALHO ◽  
Jean Soares MIRANDA ◽  
Rodrigo Furtado de CARVALHO ◽  
Michelly Rocha DUARTE ◽  
Estevão Tomomitsu KIMPARA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Cement ◽  
Microtensile Bond Strength ◽  
Resin Cements ◽  
Luting Agents ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Ceramic Blocks ◽  
Bond Durability

ABSTRACT Objective Evaluate the influence of silane heat treatment in bond durability between two resin cements and CAD/CAM feldspathic ceramic. Methods 40 feldspathic ceramic blocks were obtained, and were duplicated in microhybrid composite. All ceramic blocks were etched with 10% hydrofluoric acid for 20 s and received application of silane agent. The blocks were randomizedinto eight groups (n=5) according to the surface treatments and luting agents: P- Panavia F; PAg- Panavia F + Aging; HP- Heat Treatment + Panavia F; HPAg- Heat Treatment + Panavia F + Aging; R- RelyX ARC; Rag- RelyX ARC + Aging; HR- Heat Treatment + RelyX ARC; HRAg- Heat Treatment + RelyX ARC + Aging. The heat treatment was performed in furnace at 100 °C for 2 min. All blocks were cemented and cut to obtain samples with adhesive area of 1 mm2. Aging was performed with 10000 thermal cycles. The samples were subjected to microtensile bond strength test. Results The three-way ANOVA test revealed a significant interaction between cement versus heat treatment (p=0.001) and heat treatment versus thermal cycling (p=0.001) indicating that there was a change in bond strength due to surface treatment and aging. Conclusion Therefore, the heat treatment of the silane at 100 ºC for 2 minutes obtained higher values of bond strength between the resin cement and a feldspathic ceramicafter aging.

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