Thermal Transmission Attributes of Knitted Structures Produced by Using Engineered Yarns

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gözde Ertekin ◽  
Nida Oğlakcioğlu ◽  
Arzu Marmarali ◽  
Burçin Eser ◽  
Maşuk Pamuk
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Fabric Construction ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

Thermal comfort has become an important parameter for clothing design. Factors affecting the thermal behavior of clothing are numerous and they include thermal insulation, transfer of moisture and vapor through clothing and heat exchange, etc. The aim of this study is to investigate the thermal comfort characteristics of knitted structures produced by using two different engineered yarns with the constructions of single jersey and pique. The air permeability, thermal resistance, thermal absorptivity, and water vapor permeability characteristics were tested. Besides the evaluation of the effects of yarn type and fabric construction, the fabrics were also categorized as dyed and undyed in order to analyze the effect of dyeing on the characteristics of fabrics. The results revealed that air permeability and thermal resistance values decreased after the dyeing process, while thermal absorptivity values increased. Pique fabric construction and fabrics produced with 100% engineered polyester yarn exhibit higher air permeability, higher thermal resistance, and lower thermal absorptivity attributes.

Thermal comfort properties of weft knitted quilted fabrics

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadaf Aftab Abbasi ◽  
Arzu Marmaralı ◽  
Gözde Ertekin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

PurposeThis paper investigates the thermal comfort properties of quilted (jersey cord) fabrics produced with different width of diamond pattern, different filling yarn linear density and different types of material.Design/methodology/approachA total of 12 fabrics were knitted by varying the width of diamond pattern (1 and 3 cm), the filling yarn linear density (300 and 900 denier) and the type of materials (cotton, polyester and their combination). In this regard, air permeability, thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, thermal absorptivity and relative water vapor permeability of these fabrics were measured and evaluated statistically.FindingsThe results showed that fabrics knitted using cotton yarn in both front and back surfaces exhibit higher thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity and relative water vapor permeability characteristics; whereas samples knitted using polyester yarn in both surfaces have higher air permeability and thermal resistance. As the linear density of filling yarn increases, thickness and thermal resistance of the samples increase and air permeability, thermal conductivity, water vapor permeability characteristics decrease. When the effect of the width of diamond pattern compared, it is seen that an increase in the width of pattern lead to an increase in thickness and thermal resistance and a decrease in thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity and water vapor permeability values.Originality/valueMany researches were carried out on the thermal comfort properties of knitted fabrics, however there is a lack of research efforts regarding thermal comfort properties of quilted fabrics.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Knitted Structures Produced by Engineered Polyester Yarns and Their Blends in Terms of Thermal Comfort

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nida Oğlakcioğlu ◽  
Ahmet Çay ◽  
Arzu Marmarali ◽  
Emel Mert
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Knitted Structure ◽  
Drying Properties

Engineered yarns are used to provide better clothing comfort for summer garments because of their high levels of moisture and water vapor management. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of knitted structures that were produced using different types of polyester yarns in order to achieve better thermal comfort properties for summer clothing. However they are relatively expensive. Therefore, in this study engineered polyester yarns were combined with cotton and lyocell yarns by plying. This way, the pronounced characteristics of these yarns were added to the knitted structure as well. Channeled polyester, hollow polyester, channeled/hollow blended polyester, cotton, and lyocell yarns were plied with each other and themselves. Then, single jersey structures were knitted using these ply yarn combinations and air permeability, thermal resistance, thermal absorptivity, water vapor permeability, moisture management, and drying properties were tested. The results indicate that channeled PES fabrics are advantageous for hot climates and high physical activities with regards to high permeability and moisture transfer and also to fast drying properties. Besides, air permeability and thermal properties improved through the combination of lyocell yarn with engineered polyester yarns. However, the use of lyocell or cotton with engineered yarns resulted in a to a decrease in moisture management properties and an increase in drying times

scholarly journals Thermal resistance testing of standard and protective filtering military garment on the burning napalm mixture

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusan Rajic ◽  
Zeljko Kamberovic ◽  
Radovan Karkalic ◽  
Negovan Ivankovic ◽  
Zeljko Senic
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Military Uniform ◽  
Sandwich Materials

Fires are an accompanying manifestation in modern weaponry use and in case of different accidents in peacetime. The standard military uniform is a primary barrier in protection of a soldier?s body from all external influences, including the thermal ones which can cause burns. The minimum thermal resistance to the effect of burning napalm mixture (BNM) in individual uniform garment materials has been determined, and is higher at simultaneous use of more materials one over another (the so-called sandwich materials), where the best thermal protection give sandwich materials with an air interspace. The requirement for the thermal resistance of the material of the filtrating protective suit (FPS) to the effect of BNM (? 15 s) has been fully met. The highest thermal resistance has been demonstrated by the FPS whose inner layer is made of polyurethane foam with active carbon. A proportional dependence between the thermal resistance of FPS to the effect of BNM and water vapor permeability through this garment mean has been determined, and reversed in respect to air permeability.

Novel method on thermal resistance prediction and thermo-physiological comfort of socks in a wet state

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (17-18) ◽  
pp. 1987-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Mansoor ◽  
Lubos Hes ◽  
Vladimir Bajzik ◽  
Muhammad Tayyab Noman
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Resistance Prediction ◽  
Filling Coefficient ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

The present study proposes a novel method to measure the thermal resistance and comfort properties of various sock samples under wet conditions. Theoretically, comfort properties are responsible for transporting moisture by our body with different rates. Therefore, plain socks with different fiber composition were wetted to a saturated level and after getting the required moisture content, the sock samples were characterized by Alambeta (for thermal resistance and thermal absorptivity) and Permetest instruments for relative water vapor permeability in the wet state. In addition, various skin models were utilized to make a comparison of thermal resistance in the dry state. Two different models were modified for analyzing the thermal resistance under wet conditions. According to the models used, the prediction of thermal resistance is a combined effect of the filling coefficient and thermal conductivity of wet polymers instead of dry polymers. With these modifications, the used models predicted the thermal resistance at different moisture levels with a significant correlation ( R2) value, that is, 0.84–0.97.

Thermal comfort performances of cellulosic socks evaluated by a foot manikin system and moisture management tester

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Kaplan ◽  
Ceren Karaman
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Thermal Manikin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cellulosic Fibers ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Liquid Transfer

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate thermal comfort performances of socks produced from cotton and regenerated cellulosic fiber yarns by thermal resistance (by a newly designed foot thermal manikin), moisture management tester (MMT) parameters and permeability (air and water vapor) tests. Design/methodology/approach Single jersey fabrics and socks were knitted from 30 Ne yarns produced from cotton, different regenerated cellulosic fibers (viscose, modal, bamboo, micromodal, Tencel®, Tencel LF®) and their blends. Thermal resistances of the socks were compared by a newly developed thermal foot manikin in a more realistic way than measurements in fabric form. Besides air and water vapor permeability, moisture management parameters of the fabrics were tested to differentiate performances of cellulosic fibers. Findings Results show that air permeability, liquid absorption and transfer parameters measured by MMT are generally identical and better for regenerated cellulosic fabrics than cotton. Micromodal and Tencel® have better performances for liquid transfer and overall moisture management capacities are superior for bamboo and Tencel LF®. Thermal resistances of the socks are minimum for Tencel LF® having a cross-linked structure and maximum for viscose socks. Originality/value It is thought that thermal resistance measured in socks form is more realistic than fabric measurements and results of this study that can be valid for all knitted garments. Moreover, comprehensive material plan of the study is valuable for getting reliable results for regenerated cellulosic fibers that have small differences in cases of thermal resistance and liquid transfer.

scholarly journals Influence of Fabric Parameters on Thermal Comfort Performance of Double Layer Knitted Interlock Fabrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Afzal ◽  
Sheraz Ahmad ◽  
Abher Rasheed ◽  
Faheem Ahmad ◽  
Fatima Iftikhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Specific Heat ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Loop Length ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Thermal Transmittance ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of various fabric parameters on the thermal resistance, thermal conductivity, thermal transmittance, thermal absorptivity and thermal insulation of polyester/cotton double layer knitted interlock fabrics. It was found that by increasing fibre content with higher specific heat increases the thermal insulation while decreases the thermal transmittance and absorptivity of the fabric. It was concluded that double layer knitted fabrics developed with higher specific heat fibres, coarser yarn linear densities, higher knitting loop length and fabric thickness could be adequately used for winter clothing purposes.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Properties of Clothing Fabrics Woven with Polyester/Cotton Blend Yarns

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fiber Properties ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Fabric Construction ◽  
Twill Weave

Abstract In this research, thermal and water vapor resistance, components of thermal comfort of 65/35 and 33/67% polyester/ cotton (PES/CO) blend fabrics woven with 2/2 twill, matt twill, cellular and diced weaves, which are commonly used for clothing, were determined. The results indicate that both the fabric construction and the constituent fiber properties affect thermal comfort properties of clothing woven fabrics. Cellular weave, which is derivative of sateen weave and diced weave, which is compound weave, has the highest thermal resistance appropriating for cold climatic conditions. On the other hand, the 2/2 twill weave and matt twill weave, which is derivative of sateen weave, depicted the lowest water vapor thermal resistance, making it convenient for hot climatic conditions. Besides, fabrics woven with 65/35% PES/CO blend yarns have higher thermal resistance, so they are suitable for cold climatic conditions. Fabrics woven with 33/67% PES/CO blend yarns have lower water vapor resistance, so they are convenient for hot climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Investigation of the comfort properties of traditional woven fabrics with different structural parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (04) ◽  
pp. 302-308
Author(s):  
MINE AKGUN ◽  
GIZEM KARAKAN GUNAYDIN ◽  
AYÇA GÜRARDA ◽  
ERHAN KENAN ÇEVEN
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

Turkish traditional Buldan weavings are known as special fabrics in terms of providing comfortable clothes which are known to be natural and healthy in Denizli, Turkey. The research presented in this paper assesses the effects of different fabric structural parameters of Buldan fabrics on comfort properties such as thermal resistance, thermal absorptivity, water vapour permeability and air permeability. Five different Buldan fabrics woven with different fabric structural parameters were produced. According to test results, cotton/Tencel Buldan fabrics indicated similar comfort properties with the 100% cotton Buldan fabric properties. Additionally, the lowest thermal absorptivity was observed from 100% cotton Buldan fabrics which give the warmth feeling among the evaluated samples.

Preparation and Application of Polymer-Composited Yarn and Knit Containing CNT/Ceramic

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeaheun Shin ◽  
Youngmi Park
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Composite ◽  
Water Vapor Permeability ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Vapor Permeability ◽  
Polyester Yarn ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Composite Yarn ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Single Jersey

The properties and light-heating function of a knit prepared by the composite spinning of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and an inorganic ceramic were examined. The CNTs and ceramic were mixed and polymerized in a master batch (MB) and the MB chip was then melt spun to prepare the CNT/ceramic-composite yarn (LH-Yn) and single-jersey knits (LH-Knit). The properties of the LH-Yn and LH-Knit were compared with those of the regular polyester yarn (PET-Yn) and polyester knit (PET-Knit). The contents of carbon in the CNTs by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy, tensile and tear performance, thermal insulation, air permeability (AP), water vapor permeability (WVP), and far-infrared (FIR) emissivity were analyzed. The result showed that the surface temperature of the LH-Knit was much higher than that of the PET-Knit. The measured WVP, AP, and FIR emissivity were also slightly higher in the LH-Knit, but the difference was not significant.

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