scholarly journals Experimental investigation using vibration testing method to optimize feed parameters of color mixing nozzle for fused deposition modeling color 3D printer

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 168781401989619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Dawei Zhang ◽  
Liangchen Shao ◽  
Shanling Han
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Vertical Vibration ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Printing Quality ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Color Mixing

To improve the blockage and printing quality of the color mixing nozzle of fused deposition modeling color 3D printer, the feed parameters of fused deposition modeling color 3D printer were studied by vibration test. The acceleration sensor was fixed up the color mixing nozzle to analyze the vertical vibration of the nozzle. The vibration test of different feed speed, torque, and material were performed under the actual printing condition. Vertical vibration of the nozzle was characterized by an acceleration sensor. The comparative analysis of the actual testing results indicates that the optimum feed parameters are feed torque of triple torque extruder, feed speed of 20 mm/s, and feed material of ABS. Further analysis shows that higher feed torque can be used to improve the printing quality of the color mixing nozzle. The appropriate feed speed of the color 3D printer can not only reduce the accumulation of wire material at a lower speed but also reduce the blockage caused by too-high feed speed. It is proposed that the feed material with smaller flow behavior index and no phase transition in the melting process shows smaller vibration acceleration amplitude.

scholarly journals Design and Analysis of Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printer Nozzle for Color Mixing

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanling Han ◽  
Yu Xiao ◽  
Tao Qi ◽  
Zhiyong Li ◽  
Qingliang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Entry Level ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Color Mixing ◽  
Test Verification ◽  
Icem Cfd

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) has been one of the most widely used rapid prototyping (RP) technologies leading to the increase in market attention. Obviously it is desirable to print 3D objects; however, existing FDM printers are restricted to printing only monochrome objects because of the entry-level nozzle structure, and literature on the topic is also sparse. In this paper, the CAD model of the nozzle is established first by UG (Unigraphics NX) software to show the structure of fused deposition modeling 3D printer nozzle for color mixing. Second, the flow channel model of the nozzle is extracted and simplified. Then, the CAD and finite element model are established by UG and ICEM CFD software, respectively, to prepare for the simulation. The flow field is simulated by Fluent software. The nozzle’s suitable temperature at different extrusion speeds is obtained, and the reason for the blockage at the intersection of the heating block is revealed. Finally, test verification of the nozzle is performed, which can produce mixed-color artifacts stably.

scholarly journals Automated Testing and Characterization of Additive Manufacturing (ATCAM)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Alex Mazhari ◽  
Randall Ticknor ◽  
Sean Swei ◽  
Stanley Krzesniak ◽  
Mircea Teodorescu
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Cell System ◽  
Automated Testing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Machine Calibration

AbstractThe sensitivity of additive manufacturing (AM) to the variability of feedstock quality, machine calibration, and accuracy drives the need for frequent characterization of fabricated objects for a robust material process. The constant testing is fiscally and logistically intensive, often requiring coupons that are manufactured and tested in independent facilities. As a step toward integrating testing and characterization into the AM process while reducing cost, we propose the automated testing and characterization of AM (ATCAM). ATCAM is configured for fused deposition modeling (FDM) and introduces the concept of dynamic coupons to generate large quantities of basic AM samples. An in situ actuator is printed on the build surface to deploy coupons through impact, which is sensed by a load cell system utilizing machine learning (ML) to correlate AM data. We test ATCAM’s ability to distinguish the quality of three PLA feedstock at differing price points by generating and comparing 3000 dynamic coupons in 10 repetitions of 100 coupon cycles per material. ATCAM correlated the quality of each feedstock and visualized fatigue of in situ actuators over each testing cycle. Three ML algorithms were then compared, with Gradient Boost regression demonstrating a 71% correlation of dynamic coupons to their parent feedstock and provided confidence for the quality of AM data ATCAM generates.

Effect of copper or carbon fiber addition to the 3D printing of polylactid samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 727-732
Author(s):  
L. Zárybnická ◽  
D. Machová ◽  
K. Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Printing Quality ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Effect Of Copper ◽  
The Right

Abstract This paper presents the effect of additives on the quality of a product created by 3D print. The product is created by the most widely used 3D printing method - Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Polylactic acid (PLA) filaments are tested without and with the addition of carbon fibers or copper. The specimens are characterized by different methods, such as mechanical testing, measuring roughness by digital microscope with a large depth of field and thermal analysis. In fact, FDM is a problematic process with numerous criterions that affect printing quality. Printing parameters such as print temperature, pad temperature, print speed for 3D printing, printing orientation etc. have an important impact on the performance and quality of FDM components. Due to the correct parameters, the product of the required quality with a longer service life is obtained. The results of testing show that the quantity and choice of the right ingredient has a major impact on the mechanical properties and overall quality of the investigated product.

scholarly journals Dual Sacrificial Molding: Fabricating 3D Microchannels with Overhang and Helical Features

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Goh ◽  
Michinao Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
High Impact ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Indispensable Tool ◽  
Single Material

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) has become an indispensable tool for 3D printing of molds used for sacrificial molding to fabricate microfluidic devices. The freedom of design of a mold is, however, restricted to the capabilities of the 3D printer and associated materials. Although FDM has been used to create a sacrificial mold made with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to produce 3D microchannels, microchannels with free-hanging geometries are still difficult to achieve. Herein, dual sacrificial molding was devised to fabricate microchannels with overhang or helical features in PDMS using two complementary materials. The method uses an FDM 3D printer equipped with two extruders and filaments made of high- impact polystyrene (HIPS) and PVA. HIPS was initially removed in limonene to reveal the PVA mold harboring the design of microchannels. The PVA mold was embedded in PDMS and subsequently removed in water to create microchannels with 3D geometries such as dual helices and multilayer pyramidal networks. The complementary pairing of the HIPS and PVA filaments during printing facilitated the support of suspended features of the PVA mold. The PVA mold was robust and retained the original design after the exposure to limonene. The resilience of the technique demonstrated here allows us to create microchannels with geometries not attainable with sacrificial molding with a mold printed with a single material.

scholarly journals Analysis of the surface quality of polycaprolactam 3D prints enriched with carbon and glass fiber

2021 ◽  
Vol 338 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Damian Dzienniak ◽  
Jan Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Surface Quality ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Additive manufacturing has been gaining popularity and availability year by year, which has resulted in its dynamic development. The most common 3D printing method as of today, FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling), owing to its peculiarity, does not always guarantee producing objects with low surface roughness. The authors of the present article have taken on the analysis of the impact of FDM printing on the roughness of the filament thus processed. They also investigate the relationship between the roughness of the unprocessed filament (made of polycaprolactam, that is, polyamide 6 or PA6) with admixtures of other materials (carbon fiber, glass fiber) and the surface quality of the manufactured object. The main subject of the analysis is the side surfaces of 3D prints, as it is their quality that is usually directly dependent on many factors connected with the process of the laying of the consecutive layers. The authors check step by step whether there exists a pronounced relationship between the roughness of the original filament material and the roughness of the obtained surface.

Improved accuracy of an FDM 3D printer using a face-diagonal length test using an artifact and a Vernier caliper

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Han Yang ◽  
Kwang-Il Lee
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Geometric Errors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Face ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
Diagonal Length

Purpose The purpose of this study is to improve the accuracy of a fused deposition modeling three-dimensional (3D) printer by identifying and compensating for position-independent geometric errors using a face-diagonal length test featuring a designed artifact and a Vernier caliper. Design/methodology/approach An artifact that does not require support when printing was designed and printed to allow performance of the face-diagonal length test. A Vernier caliper was used to measure the lengths of diagonals in the XY, YZ and ZX planes of the printed artifact specimen; this completed the face-diagonal length test. The relationships between position-independent geometric errors of the linear axes X, Y and Z and the measured diagonal lengths of the three planes were determined to identify geometric errors. Findings The approach was applied to a commercial fused deposition modeling 3D printer, and three position-independent geometric errors were rapidly identified. The artifact was re-printed after model-based compensation for these errors and the diagonal lengths were re-measured. The results were verified via coordinate measuring machine measurement of a simple test piece without and with model-based compensation for identified geometric errors. Furthermore, the proposed approach was applied to a commercial 3D printer. Research limitations/implications The measured diagonal lengths of the printed artifacts varied greatly. Thus, further studies should investigate the effects of printing materials and parameters on the length discrepancies of 3D printed artifacts. Practical implications A software-based compensation of identified position-independent geometric errors has to be used at commercial 3D printers for accuracy improvements of printed parts. Originality/value Thus, the approach is of practical utility; it can be periodically used to identify position-independent geometric errors and ensure that the 3D printer is consistently accurate.

Investigation of Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene for Additive Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-154
Author(s):  
Shajahan Bin Maidin ◽  
Zulkeflee Abdullah ◽  
Ting Kung Hieng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

One of the disadvantages of fused deposition modeling (FDM) is waste produced during the printing processes. This investigation focuses on using 100% recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) for the FDM process. The recycling begins with re-granule the waste ABS material and produces it into a new filament. The new recycled filament was used to print the test specimen. Investigation on the mechanical properties and the surface quality of the test specimen and comparison with standard ABS specimen was done. The result shows that the recycled ABS can be produced into filament with 335°C of extrusion temperature and 1.5 mm/s travel speed of the extruder conveyor. The surface roughness of recycled specimen is 6.94% higher than the standard ABS specimen. For ultimate tensile strength, there is a small difference in X and Y orientation between the standard and the recycled ABS specimen which are 22.93% and 19.98%, respectively. However, in Z orientation, it is 52.33% lower. This investigation proves that ABS can be recycled without significantly affecting its mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Parameters Influencing the Outcome of Additive Manufacturing of Tiny Medical Devices Based on PEEK

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqiao Wang ◽  
Wolf-Dieter Müller ◽  
Adam Rumjahn ◽  
Andreas Schwitalla
Keyword(s):  
Medical Devices ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Polyether Ether Ketone ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Ether Ketone

In this review, we discuss the parameters of fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology used in finished parts made from polyether ether ketone (PEEK) and also the possibility of printing small PEEK parts. The published articles reporting on 3D printed PEEK implants were obtained using PubMed and search engines such as Google Scholar including references cited therein. The results indicate that although many have been experiments conducted on PEEK 3D printing, the consensus on a suitable printing parameter combination has not been reached and optimized parameters for printing worth pursuing. The printing of reproducible tiny-sized PEEK parts with high accuracy has proved to be possible in our experiments. Understanding the relationships among material properties, design parameters, and the ultimate performance of finished objects will be the basis for further improvement of the quality of 3D printed medical devices based on PEEK and to expand the polymers applications.

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