Relationship of CA 125 and CA 19.9 with lung carcinoma histological subtype: Preliminary study

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Molina ◽  
P. Santabarbara ◽  
X. Filella ◽  
P. Mengual ◽  
A.M. Ballesta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Histological Types ◽  
Ca 19.9

The aim of this work was to study the possible utility of simultaneous determination of CA 125 and CA 19.9 in patients with lung cancer. Serum levels of both markers were studied in 87 patients without metastases (Mo), 72 patients with distant metastases (MT) and 15 cases without clinical evidence of disease after primary treatment (NED). Sitxty-five tumors were epidermoid, 34 were adenocarcinomas, 24 were cell undifferentiated carcinomas and 51 were small-cell carcinomas. Sera from 75 healthy subjects and 20 patients with benign lung disease were used as controls. The cutoff values used were 35 and 37 U/ml for CA 125 and CA 19.9, respectively. CA 125 and CA 19.9 serum levels were within normal limits in all control patients. In NED patients these markers were not elevated, except in one with chronic liver disease who showed elevated CA 19.9 (76 U/ml). Twenty-five percent of Mo lung cancer patients and 40.3% of MT cases had CA 19.9 over 37 U/ml. Abnormally high levels of CA 125 were found in 18.7% and 22.9% of Mo and MT patients, respectively. Sixty percent of patients with large cell undifferentiated carcinoma had elevated CA 125 (mean 176 U/ml) compared to 15.4% of patients with all other histological types of tumors combined (54.3 U/ml, p< 0.01). CA 19.9 serum levels were also more often elevated in patients with large cell undifferentiated carcinomas (50%, 7/14 cases) than in other histological types (30%, 36/120 patients), but the difference was not statistically significant. There were no differences in CA 125 and CA 19.9 serum levels in relation to location of metastatic disease including liver. Although the sensitivity of CA 125 and CA 19.9 in lung cancer is low, they may be useful as serum markers of recurrent disease in the follow-up of patients with large cell carcinoma.

Lobectomy with Bronchoplastic Procedures for Lung Cancer

1979 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Valente ◽  
Cesare Grandi ◽  
Ignazio Cataldo ◽  
Giorgio Pizzocaro ◽  
Gianni Ravasi
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Sleeve Lobectomy ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Bronchoplastic Procedures ◽  
Oat Cell Carcinoma

From April 1970 to October 1977, 19 patients with lung cancer of the upper lobar bronchus orifice underwent radical lobectomy with major bronchus resection. Sleeve lobectomy was accomplished in 11 cases and wedge lobectomy in the remaining 8. The length of the free bronchial margin in the surgical specimen was less than 1 cm in 3 cases, but limited pulmonary reserve did not allow pneumonectomy. Squamous carcinoma was diagnosed in 14 patients, adenocarcinoma in 2, oat-cell carcinoma in 2, and large cell carcinoma in one. Most cases (70%) were pathological stage I. There was one operative death due to anastomotic leakage (5%), and another patient required pneumonectomy completion. Of 13 patients with non oat-cell carcinoma and adequate bronchial resection, none had local recurrence: 3 patients developed distant metastases, and 10 are alive and disease-free after a follow-up period ranging from 16 to 104 months. The authors conclude that in selected lung cancer patients lobectomy with bronchoplastic procedures is superior to pneumonectomy for tissue sparing advantages.

scholarly journals Morphologic, Molecular and Clinical Features of Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancer

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Montironi ◽  
Alessia Cimadamore ◽  
Antonio Lopez-Beltran ◽  
Marina Scarpelli ◽  
Gaetano Aurilio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Intermediate Part ◽  
Aggressive Variant

The term aggressive variant prostate cancer (AVPCa) refers to androgen receptor (AR)-independent anaplastic forms of prostate cancer (PCa), clinically characterized by a rapidly progressive disease course. This involves hormone refractoriness and metastasis in visceral sites. Morphologically, AVPCa is made up of solid sheets of cells devoid of pleomorphism, with round and enlarged nuclei with prominent nucleoli and slightly basophilic cytoplasm. The cells do not show the typical architectural features of prostatic adenocarcinoma and mimic the undifferentiated carcinoma of other organs and locations. The final diagnosis is based on the immunohistochemical expression of markers usually seen in the prostate, such as prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA). A subset of AVPCa can also express neuroendocrine (NE) markers such as chromogranin A, synaptophysin and CD56. This letter subset represents an intermediate part of the spectrum of NE tumors which ranges from small cell to large cell carcinoma. All such tumors can develop following potent androgen receptor pathway inhibition. This means that castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPCa) transdifferentiates and becomes a treatment-related NE PCa in a clonally divergent manner. The tumors that do not show NE differentiation might harbor somatic and/or germline alterations in the DNA repair pathway. The identification of these subtypes has direct clinical relevance with regard to the potential benefit of platinum-based chemotherapy, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors and likely further therapies.

scholarly journals A Case Report of Incomplete Carney Complex With SMARCA4-Deficient Thoracic Sarcoma: Implications for the SLC7Aaa and ARID1A Expression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yusuke kito ◽  
Keisuke Kawashima ◽  
Chiemi Saigo ◽  
Masayoshi Hasegawa ◽  
Shusuke Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Epithelioid Sarcoma ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Large Mass ◽  
Soft Tissue Tumors ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Carney Complex

Abstract Background: SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member (SMARCA4)-deficient thoracic sarcoma (SMARCA4-DTS) is a rare disease that has recently been described as an entity. It is characterized by an aggressive clinical course and specific genetic alterations. As an immunohistological feature, the tumors are deficient in SMARCA4 and SMARCA2 and express the sex-determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2). In contrast, Carney’s triad is a syndrome that combines three rare soft tissue tumors: gastric leiomyosarcoma, pulmonary chondroma, and extra-adrenal paraganglioma, of which at least two are required for diagnosis. Both diseases are valuable case, and there have been no previous reports of their coexistence.Case presentation: A 43-year-old man visited our hospital because of respiratory distress. Computed tomography revealed a large mass measuring 55 mm in the upper lobe of his right lung and front mediastinum, with metastases in the surrounding lymph nodes. Needle biopsy was performed for diagnosis, and histological examination of the samples revealed monotonous epithelioid-like cells with loose binding and sheet-form proliferation. The tumor cells had distinct nuclei, with rhabdoid-kile cells in some locations. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells were positive for SOX2, CD34, and p53 and negative for SMARCA4 and SMARCA2. The patient died 6 months after admission without any treatment. Autopsy revealed ganglioneuroma and enchondroma, suggesting an incomplete Carney complex.Conclusion: SMARCA4-DTS is a rare and recently established disease. While it is difficult to siagnose, it is necessary to distinguish undifferentiated carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, Ewing sarcoma, epithelioid sarcoma, etc. when diagnosing tumors involving the mediastinum, In addition, case with both an incomplete Carney complex and SMARCA4-DTS are very rare. We discuss and report about SMARCA4-DTS by examining the expression of AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 1A and solute carrier family 7 member 11.

Phosphohexose Isomerase and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in the Sera of Patients with Primary Lung Cancer

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Santabárbara ◽  
R. Molina ◽  
J. Estapé ◽  
A.M. Ballesta
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Phosphohexose Isomerase

Phosphohexose isomerase (PHI) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were measured at the time of diagnosis in 300 patients with lung cancer. Serum levels were high in 75.7% and 53.0% of patients respectively. PHI levels were higher in large cell and small cell carcinomas (p < 0.001). CEA levels were higher in adenocarcinomas (p < 0.001). Metastatic carcinomas showed higher levels on PHI and CEA than localized cases. Survival was significantly longer in patients with normal PHI (p < 0.001) and normal CEA (p < 0.005) than in cases with elevated markers. The prognostic significance of PHI persisted in the different pathological types and stages, whereas CEA only had prognostic impact in non-small cell cases. Serial PHI determinations were useful for follow-up in 82.4% of cases with initial abnormal values and in 55.4% of cases with a normal value. Serial CEA was useful in 41% of cases with initially high value but in less than 15% of those with baseline normal. We conclude that PHI has prognostic significance independently of pathology and stage, whereas CEA was a prognostic indicator only in non-small cell cases; serial PHI determinations were useful more often than CEA for follow-up.

scholarly journals Automatic cell identification and enrichment in lung cancer: V. Adenocarcinoma and large cell undifferentiated carcinoma

Cytometry ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry W. Tyrer ◽  
Norman J. Pressman ◽  
Craig D. Albright ◽  
John K. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Identification

scholarly journals Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Classification from Histopathological Images using Feature Fusion and Deep CNN

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013-1018
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
Histopathological Image ◽  
Histopathological Images ◽  
Lung Cancer Detection

Lung cancer is the overgrowth of cells in digestive organs. Identifying different types of lung cancer (squamous cell cancer, large cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) from lung histopathological images is outrageous works that shorten the chance of infected with lung cancer in the future. This research propounds an accurate diagnosis scheme using various neural network features and fusion of contourlet transform from lung histopathological image. This lesson has used several pre-train models (Alexnet, ResNet50, and VGG-16) in addition to divers scratch models while the pre-train Resnet50 model works better. The two reduction techniques (Principle Component Analysis (PCA) and Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR)) have used to classify the type of lung cancer with the extraction of the most significant properties. In Convolution Neural Network (CNN) based lung cancer detection, the reduction approach PCA performs better. This proposed methodology is performed on ordinary datasets and establishes comparative better performance. The accuracy of this paper is 98.5%, sensitivity 96.50, specificity 97.00%, which is more effective than other approaches.

Evaluation of Cytokeratin 19 Serum Fragments (Cyfra 21–1) in Patients with Lung Cancer: Results of a Multicenter Trial

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bombardieri ◽  
E. Seregni ◽  
A. Bogni ◽  
S. Ardit ◽  
S. Belloli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Cytokeratin 19 ◽  
Significant Difference

Recently, a new immunometric assay (Cyfra 21–1) was developed to measure serum concentrations of a soluble fragment of cytokeratin subunit 19. With this method, supplied by Boehringer Mannheim (EIA Test Cyfra 21–1), an Italian multicenter trial was performed in patients with lung cancer. Cyfra 21–1 serum levels were determined in 568 normal subjects (blood donors), 607 patients with non-malignant diseases (491 respiratory diseases) and 730 patients with malignancies. In the latter group 584 had lung cancer. All these 584 patients had pathologically confirmed disease; 314 were epidermoid tumors, 166 adenocarcinomas, 88 small cell cancers and 16 large cell cancers. In the 568 healthy blood donors the mean Cyfra 21–1 value was 0.91 ng/ml (SD 0.47 ng/ml; range 0.05–2.90 ng/ml). A threshold of 1.9 ng/ml was chosen as the upper limit of normality. High levels of Cyfra21–1 were observed in patients with chronic hepatitis (positivity rate: 17/51–33.3%) and with pancreatitis (positivity rate 5/16 - 31.3%). In 114 out of 491 (23.2%) patients with respiratory diseases Cyfra 21–1 showed values greater than 1.9 ng/ml. The overall sensitivity (all stages) of Cyfra 21–1 in lung cancer was 65.6% (383/584). When the histology was considered the highest positivity rates were found in patients with squamous cell tumors (226/314; 72%) followed by adenocarcinomas (105/166; 63%). In patients with SCLC the global sensitivity was 52.3% (46/88). Higher sensitivity of Cyfra 21–1 was observed from stage I to stage IV (53.9% vs 85.7%; Chisquare: p < 0.01). When comparing patients in whom curative resections were possible (up to stage IIIa) with patients suffering from inoperable tumors, a significant difference in Cyfra 21–1 positivies was found (59% vs 81.5%; Chi square p < 0.01).

scholarly journals Cutaneous Metastatic Lung Cancer: Literature Review and Report of a Tumor on the Nose from a Large Cell Undifferentiated Carcinoma

2000 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Y. Rubinstein ◽  
Soly Baredes ◽  
Joseph Caputo ◽  
Lisa Galati ◽  
Robert A. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Undifferentiated Carcinoma ◽  
Cutaneous Metastasis ◽  
Histologic Type ◽  
Metastatic Lung Cancer ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Metastatic Lung ◽  
Cancer Of The Lung

Cutaneous metastatic disease is a prognostically important diagnosis. We report the case of a 64-year-old man who had an uncommon histologic type of lung cancer—a large cell undifferentiated carcinoma, which was metastatic to the skin of the nose. The relative frequency of cutaneous metastasis is similar to that of primary cancers. Cutaneous disease as the first sign of metastasis is most often seen in cancer of the lung. However, its appearance as a large tumor on the nose, which was observed in this case, is unusual.

Combination chemotherapy with bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer.

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 1478-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Osoba ◽  
J J Rusthoven ◽  
K A Turnbull ◽  
W K Evans ◽  
F A Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Large Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung

Fifty-three patients with recurrent and advanced stage (III and IV) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were treated with a combination of bleomycin, etoposide (VP-16-213), and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (BEP). Forty-eight patients were appraisable for response. The response rates were 44% for the entire group, 57% in 30 patients with combined squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma, and 22% in 18 patients with adenocarcinoma (40%, 50%, and 19%, respectively, if patients not appraisable for response are included as nonresponders). The median survival time of patients with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma was slightly longer than that of patients with adenocarcinoma (23 weeks v 19 weeks). Patients with responsive disease survived significantly longer (median, 34 weeks) than did patients with unresponsive disease (median, 16 weeks) (P = .001). In the entire group, the median survival time of patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 was better (23 weeks) than of those with a status of 2 or 3 (15 weeks), but this difference was not seen in the subgroup with squamous-cell and large-cell carcinoma (24 weeks v 23 weeks, respectively). Thus, the performance status was not of prognostic value in the histologic subgroups experiencing the best response rate. There were two treatment-related deaths, but otherwise the toxicity of BEP was acceptable. Only four of the 119 treatment cycles were followed by fever even though there was significant neutropenia (0.5 X 10(9)/L) after 20 of 97 treatment cycles. The majority of patients receiving BEP experienced relief of cough, hemoptysis, pain, and fatigue associated with their disease. There was a good correlation between objective responses and palliation of symptoms. Thus, BEP offers good palliation, particularly for patients with squamous-cell and large-cell lung cancer.

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