Gonadotropin Levels in Ovarian Cyst Fluids: A Predictor of Malignancy?

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Krämer ◽  
M. Leeker ◽  
W. Jäger
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Surprising Finding ◽  
Cyst Fluids

Gonadotropins can stimulate ovarian cancer growth in cell cultures. Corresponding LH/hCG receptors have been demonstrated in ovarian cancer. However, reduction of elevated serum gonadotropins by GnRH analogs in ovarian cancer patients did not lead to growth restriction, which means that serum levels of gonadotropins may not play the most important role in ovarian cancer. We therefore analyzed the LH and FSH concentrations in cyst fluids of ovarian cancer. Patients with preoperatively diagnosed cystic ovarian tumors were eligible for the study. Serum samples of the patients were obtained during surgery, while the fluids within the cysts were aspirated after surgical removal of the tumor. FSH and LH levels in serum and cyst fluids were measured using single antibody EIA (Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Germany). Cyst fluids and sera of 108 patients were evaluated. While there were no significant differences in the FSH and LH serum concentrations, highly significant differences in the FSH and LH levels in cyst fluids were found. Only cancer cysts contained FSH and LH, while the corresponding concentrations in benign cysts were always below the measuring range of the assays. This clear division between high gonadotropin levels in cysts of serous ovarian cancer and low or absent concentrations in benign ovarian tumors further supports the hypothesis that FSH and LH may play a role in ovarian cancer; however, explanations for this surprising finding are still lacking.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Analysis of Serum Microbe-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Diagnostic Models to Differentiate Ovarian Cancer and Benign Ovarian Tumor

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Ik Kim ◽  
Nayeon Kang ◽  
Sangseob Leem ◽  
Jinho Yang ◽  
HyunA Jo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Metagenomic Analysis ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Diagnostic Models ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors

We aimed to develop a diagnostic model identifying ovarian cancer (OC) from benign ovarian tumors using metagenomic data from serum microbe-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). We obtained serum samples from 166 patients with pathologically confirmed OC and 76 patients with benign ovarian tumors. For model construction and validation, samples were randomly divided into training and test sets in the ratio 2:1. Isolation of microbial EVs from serum samples of the patients and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing were carried out. Metagenomic and clinicopathologic data-based OC diagnostic models were constructed in the training set and then validated in the test set. There were significant differences in the metagenomic profiles between the OC and benign ovarian tumor groups; specifically, genus Acinetobacter was significantly more abundant in the OC group. More importantly, Acinetobacter was the only common genus identified by seven different statistical analysis methods. Among the various metagenomic and clinicopathologic data-based OC diagnostic models, the model consisting of age, serum CA-125 levels, and relative abundance of Acinetobacter showed the best diagnostic performance with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.898 and 0.846 in the training and test sets, respectively. Thus, our findings establish a metagenomic analysis of serum microbe-derived EVs as a potential tool for the diagnosis of OC.

OVX1 radioimmunoassay complements CA-125 for predicting the presence of residual ovarian carcinoma at second-look surgical surveillance procedures.

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1506-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Xu ◽  
Y H Yu ◽  
L Daly ◽  
K DeSombre ◽  
L Anselmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Persistent Disease ◽  
Second Look ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Apparently Healthy

PURPOSE At second-look surgical surveillance procedures, normal CA-125 levels can be associated with persistent disease in 50% to 60% of patients. A novel radioimmunoassay (RIA) has been evaluated for the ability to identify patients with persistent disease who have normal levels of CA-125. MATERIALS AND METHODS The OVX1 double-determinant assay used a murine monoclonal antibody to detect an epitope on a high-molecular weight mucin-like glycoprotein. RESULTS Apparently healthy individuals had serum OVX1 levels of 2.23 +/- 2.48 U/mL (mean +/- SD). Elevated serum OVX1 levels (> 7.2 U/mL) were found in 5% of 184 normal individuals and in 70% of 93 epithelial ovarian cancer patients with clinically evident disease. Among sera from these ovarian cancer patients, OVX1 was elevated in 68% of 76 samples with CA-125 levels more than 35 U/mL and in 76% of 17 samples with CA-125 levels less than 35 U/mL. In serum samples obtained at the time of positive second-look laparotomy, 59% of 41 patients with CA-125 levels less than 35 U/mL had elevated OVX1 antigen levels, whereas 41% of 22 patients with CA-125 levels more than 35 U/mL had elevated serum OVX1 levels. In patients with negative second-look laparotomies, false-positive results were eliminated by increasing the threshold of OVX1 to 10.5 U/mL. At this level, 32% of 41 patients with positive second-look operations had an elevated OVX1 level, despite a normal CA-125 level. When used in combination, CA-125 (> 35 U/mL) and OVX1 (> 10.5 U/mL) detected persistent disease in 56% of 63 patients with positive surveillance procedures, compared with 35% when CA-125 was used alone (P < .05). CONCLUSION An elevated OVX1 level can alert oncologists to the possibility that ovarian cancer has persisted, despite the return of CA-125 to a normal range.

Peritoneal Fluid Cytokines and the Differential Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Ovarian Tumors and Residual/Recurrent Disease Examination

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chechlinska ◽  
J. Kaminska ◽  
J. Markowska ◽  
A. Kramar ◽  
J. Steffen
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Peritoneal Fluid ◽  
Recurrent Disease ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Therapy Outcome ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Local Cytokine

This study aimed to assess the potential value of peritoneal fluid cytokine examination for the differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors and for evaluating residual or recurrent disease after treatment. The cytokines that are commonly elevated in ovarian cancer, VEGF, IL-6, bFGF, IL-8 and M-CSF, and a reference ovarian tumor marker, CA 125, were measured in peritoneal fluids of 53 previously untreated patients with epithelial ovarian cancer, 18 ovarian cancer patients after surgical treatment and chemotherapy, and 17 patients with benign epithelial ovarian tumors. Non-parametric statistical analysis of data was performed. Ovarian cancer peritoneal fluids, as compared to peritoneal fluids of patients with benign ovarian tumors, contained significantly higher concentrations of IL-6, VEGF and CA 125, and significantly lower concentrations of bFGF and M-CSF, but only the levels of IL-6 and VEGF were significantly higher in peritoneal fluids of stage I and II ovarian cancer patients than of patients with benign ovarian conditions. IL-6 at the cutoff level of 400 pg/mL discriminated benign and malignant ovarian tumors with 92% sensitivity and 60% specificity, while VEGF at the cutoff of 400 pg/mL had 90% sensitivity and 80% specificity. At the cutoff level of 1200 pg/mL, IL-6 had 84% sensitivity and 87% specificity. A radical decrease in local cytokine and CA 125 levels in patients after treatment was independent of therapy outcome. IL-6 and VEGF measurements in peritoneal fluids might be useful for the differential diagnosis of malignant and benign ovarian conditions, but not for residual or recurrent disease examination.

scholarly journals Chemokine expression in patients with ovarian cancer or benign ovarian tumors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Nowak ◽  
Łukasz Janas ◽  
Malwina Soja ◽  
Ewa Głowacka ◽  
Krzysztof Szyłło ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Advanced Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Significant Elevation ◽  
Chemiluminescence Method ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Potential Use

IntroductionChemokines play a crucial role in tumor growth and progression according to proangiogenic and immunosuppressive acting. This study was aimed to investigate the serum levels of selected chemokines in patients with ovarian cancer or benign ovarian tumors to point on their role in tumorigenesis and their potential use in preoperative diagnosing of adnexal mass.Material and methodsThe study group consisted of 59 women with ovarian cancer: 17 epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients and 42 women with benign ovarian tumors. We measured in sera obtained preoperatively the level of CA125 and the panel of 5 chemokines: CX3CL1/Fractalkine, CXCL1/GRO-α, CXCL12/SDF-1, CCL20/MIP-3α and IL-17F, using chemiluminescence method with multiplexed bead based immunoassay.ResultsCX3CL1 was significantly elevated in sera of advanced ovarian cancer patients compared to women with benign ovarian tumors. The significant elevation of CXCL1 was also observed (both: early and advanced stage). The similar pattern was present with standard ovarian cancer marker – CA125. In our patients with endometriotic cysts CA125 levels were significantly higher than in women with other benign tumors whereas all analyzed chemokines had similar serum titers in patients with endometriotic vs other benign ovarian cysts.ConclusionsCX3CL1 and CXCL1 are elevated in sera of EOC patients what points on their role in cancer development. Moreover, they might be useful in preoperative differential diagnosis of ovarian tumors, especially as they were not elevated in cases of endometriosis.

Platelet Function in Ovarian Cancer

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 4656-4656
Author(s):  
Shuju Feng ◽  
Michael H. Kroll ◽  
Alpa M. Nick ◽  
Anil Sood ◽  
Vahid Afshar-Kharghan
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Aggregation Of Platelets

Abstract A significant number of patients with ovarian cancer develop venous thromboembolism that is associated with a worse prognosis. The etiology of an increased frequency of venous thrombosis in cancer patients is not clear, and various hypotheses, including the presence of hyperreactive platelets, have been postulated. Hyperreactive platelets have a lower threshold for aggregation, and hence there is a higher number of degranulated platelets in circulation and a higher concentration of platelet granular contents in plasma. We compared ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation in patients with ovarian cancer to those in patients with benign ovarian tumors. To reduce the effect of confounding factors such as surgery or chemotherapy, all blood samples were collected prior to any surgical interventions or chemotherapy. To detect hyperreactivity of platelets, we used both low and high doses of platelet agonists. To evaluate platelet preactivation at baseline, we measured the plasma concentration of b-thromboglobulin (b-TG) and platelet factor-4 (PF-4) as markers of platelet α granule secretion. All studies were approved by the Institutional Review Boards of the University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Whole blood samples were collected from 34 patients with ovarian cancer and 19 patients with benign ovarian tumors into sodium citrate anticoagulant and processed within 2 hours after collection. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) was prepared by 15 min of 850 rpm centrifugation at room temperature. Aggregation studies were conducted in a light transmission aggregometer (Bio/Data Corporation), using ADP (at 2mM and 20 mM) and collagen (at 19 mg/ml and 190 mg/ml). Platelet poor plasma (PPP) was prepared by centrifuging PRP samples at 2500 rpm for 20 min at room temperature. All PPP samples were stored at -80ºC and the quantity of b-TG and PF-4 was determined by ELISA. We found that platelets isolated from ovarian cancer patients showed aggregation responses similar to platelets from patients with benign ovarian tumors (Figure 1). There was a statistically significant difference in the high-dose collagen-induced platelet aggregation between cancer and benign tumor samples, with increased aggregation of platelets from patients with benign tumors (79 ± 4.9%) in comparison to aggregation of platelets from cancer platelets (69 ± 6.3%). To investigate preactivation of platelets in cancer patients, we measured b-TG and PF-4 in PPP samples. We did not detect a higher concentration of b-TG and PF-4 in cancer PPP samples (Figure 2). In fact, PPP from cancer patients had a lower concentration of both α granule constituents. In the case of PF-4, the difference was statistically significant (9.8 ± 1.5 ng/ml for cancer patients versus 11.7 ± 1.7 ng/ml for patients with non-malignant tumors). We conclude that platelets from ovarian cancer patients are not hyperreactive and are not degranulated or preactivated. Links between ovarian cancer, venous thromboembolism and platelets may be absent or may involve non-hemostatic platelet functions. Figure 1. Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 2. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Elevated serum levels of a c-erbB-2 oncogene product in ovarian cancer patients and in pregnancy

1994 ◽  
Vol 120 (6) ◽  
pp. 378-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Meden ◽  
D. Marx ◽  
A. Fattahi ◽  
W. Rath ◽  
M. Kron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Cytogenetic Analysis of HER2 in Ovarian Cancer Patients by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alzeyadi ◽  
Ameer A. Imarah ◽  
Sinan Q. Khayoon ◽  
Isra M. Alhamadani
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
Her2 Overexpression ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors

One of the most common crucial cancer that occur in femal is the ovarian cancer. Approximately evaluated new cases 21,550 and deaths 14,600 from ovarian cancer in the America in 2009. "Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 1" HER2 it's once of agents stands and is a protein show higher rate of offensive in ovarian cancer. HER2 most famous protein which target in Herceptin therapy of ovarian cancer in metastatic status in case the tumor resulting of protein over expression. FISH technique used on TMA with HER2 specific probes it is the most commonly prove method had been use and have important role in analysis for HER2 status revelation and copy number changes. In this study we detected HER2 overexpression and cytogenetic analysis in ovarian cancer patients by using new technology tissue microarrays (TMA) and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH). In tumors with low malignant potential there is no amplification also that we are found in Benign ovarian tumors. While we notice that HER2 increase in malignancies tumor, low malignant ovarian tumors and finally in benign ovarian tumors. In conclusion conceder the detecting and simultaneous quantification of HER2 overexpression gene by means of FISH assay, might enable the showing of a more precise stratification of ovarian cancer patients.

scholarly journals Network of Mediators for Vascular Inflammation and Leakage Is Dysbalanced during Cytoreductive Surgery for Late-Stage Ovarian Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Klaschik ◽  
Jennifer Gehlen ◽  
Claudia Neumann ◽  
Mignon-Denise Keyver-Paik ◽  
Martin Soehle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cytoreductive Surgery ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Phase Reaction ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Baseline Values

Background. Cytoreductive surgery (CS) in late-stage ovarian cancer patients is often challenging due to extensive volume shifts, and high fluid intake may provoke postoperative complications. Expression of vasoactive mediators is altered in cancer patients, which may affect systemic vascular function. We sought to assess how serum levels of vasoactive markers and mediators change during CS in ovarian cancer. Methods. Following IRB approval and informed consent, pre- and postoperative serum samples were analyzed in 26 late-stage ovarian cancer patients using multiplex protein arrays and ELISA. Results. The proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2 were significantly elevated after 24 hrs compared to the baseline values, with IL-6 and IL-8 being most prominently increased. While ANGPT1 remained unchanged after surgery, its competitive antagonist ANGPT2 was significantly increased. In contrast, serum levels of the ANGPT receptor TIE2 were decreased to 0.6 of the baseline values. While VEGF-D, E-selectin, P-selectin, ICAM-1, and PECAM-1 remained unchanged, serum activity of both thrombomodulin and syndecan-1 was significantly increased following surgery. Conclusion. We identified a regulatory network of acute-phase reaction during CS in late-stage ovarian cancer. This suggests that IL-6 exerts positive regulation of other proinflammatory mediators and, by upregulating ANGPT2 and suppressing ANGPT1, induces a serum profile that promotes vascular leakage. This may contribute to the observed hemodynamic alterations during CS procedures.

Induction of VEGF secretion in ovarian cancer by PDGF BB

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5557-5557
Author(s):  
D. Matei ◽  
S. Kelich ◽  
L. Cao ◽  
N. Menning ◽  
R. Emerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tumor Growth And Metastasis

5557 Background: We identified the PDGFR as a potential target in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). This led us to test whether inhibition of the receptor affects ovarian cancer cell proliferation and survival and regulates other processes critical to tumor growth and metastasis. We postulated that the PDGF-PDGFR axis regulates VEGF secretion in EOC. Methods: VEGF secretion in ovarian tumors, cancer cells, serum and ascites was measured by IHC, Western Blot and ELISA. The HOG Gyn03–62 protocol was a phase II protocol for patients with recurrent platinum resistant EOC. Patients were treated with imatinib and docetaxel. Serum and tumor samples from patients enrolled on this protocol were analyzed for VEGF. Results: VEGF expression was quantified by IHC in ovarian tumors. Of 21 PDGFR expressing ovarian tumors, seven specimens immunostained strongly for VEGF and six tumors demonstrated 2+ VEGF reactive extracellular (secreted) material. PDGF and VEGF secretion was measured in 17 specimens of malignant EOC ascites. The levels of PDGF BB and VEGF were strongly correlated (Pearson coefficient =0.728, p-value=0.001), suggesting that the two pathways interconnect. There was no correlation between PDGF AA and VEGF levels. VEGF levels were measured in 13 paired serum samples from patients enrolled in the clinical protocol HOG: Gyn03–62, before and after treatment. VEGF serum levels were stabilized or decreased in 9 of 13 EOC patients treated with imatinib. In conditioned media from primary cells, VEGF secretion was four fold higher for tumor derived cells than for cells derived from the normal ovarian epithelium. PDGF increased ten-fold VEGF secretion in PDGFR expressing immortalized ovarian cells (C272/hTert/E7 and C889/hTert), while imatinib reduced VEGF production to basal state. The effects of imatinib were mediated via inhibition of Akt and MAPK pathways, by stabilization of HIF1 alpha. In ovarian cancer cells overexpressing consitutively active Akt, imatinib inhibited only partially the secretion of VEGF compared to control cells, suggesting that the PI3K/Akt pathway is significantly implicated in PDGF-stimulated VEGF secretion. Conclusions: These results suggest that by blocking the PDGFR, imatinib inhibits VEGF production. This affects the tumor microenvironment favoring ovarian tumor growth and metastasis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Examination of preoperative and postoperative levels of rare earth elements (Zn, Cu, Mg, Pb, Mn, Cd, Co and Fe in the blood of ovarian cancer patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-143
Author(s):  
Mustafa Bilici ◽  
Numan Cim ◽  
Halit Demir
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Training And Research

Objective: In this study, serum material drawn preoperatively and postoperatively from totally 33 patients who applied to Department of Gynaecology of Yüzüncü Yıl University Faculty of Medicine and Van Training and Research Hospital due to suffering from ovarian cancer was used. Material and Methods: The serum levels (Zn, Cu, Mg, Pb, Mn, Cd, Co and Fe) were determined by the method of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry at Spectrometer in Yüzüncü Yıl University Central Research Laboratory. The levels of rare-earth, trace and heavy elements were determined from the serum samples which were drawn from healthy and volunteer 30 women who were close to the same age group.   Results: This study found out a significant difference (p<0.001) between the preoperative and postoperative levels of lead, manganese and iron in ovarian cancer patients. While a significant difference (p>0.005) wasn’t discovered between the preoperative and postoperative levels of zinc, copper, cadmium and cobalt in ovarian cancer patients, a statistically significant difference was found between the preoperative and postoperative levels of magnesium (p=0.07) in those patients. Conclusion: Consequently, Zn is important in the prognosis of the disease because it is a strong antioxidant element. The elements Mg, Mn and Fe can be significant markers for ovarian cancer and especially low level of Mn may increase the risk of ovarian cancer. Also, such elements as Zn, Cu, Mg, Pb, Mn, Cd, Co and Fe may play an important role in pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.

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