scholarly journals Global stroke statistics: An update of mortality data from countries using a broad code of “cerebrovascular diseases”

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 796-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda G Thrift ◽  
George Howard ◽  
Dominique A Cadilhac ◽  
Virginia J Howard ◽  
Peter M Rothwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

Background Current information on mortality attributed to stroke among different countries is important for policy development and monitoring prevention strategies. Unfortunately, mortality data reported to the World Health Organization by different countries are inconsistent. Aims and/or hypothesis To update the repository of the most recent country-specific data on mortality from stroke for countries that provide data using a broad code for “cerebrovascular disease.” Methods Data on mortality from stroke were obtained from the World Health Organization mortality database. We searched for countries that provided data, since 1999, on a combined category of “cerebrovascular disease” (code 1609) that incorporated International Classification of Diseases (10th edition) codes I60–I69. Using population denominators provided by the World Health Organization for the same year when available, or alternatively estimates obtained from the United Nations, we calculated crude mortality from “cerebrovascular disease” and mortality adjusted to the World Health Organization world population. We used the most recent year reported to the World Health Organization, as well as comparing changes over time. Results Since 1999, seven countries have provided these mortality data. Among these countries, crude mortality was greatest in the Russian Federation (in 2011), Ukraine (2012), and Belarus (2011) and was greater in women than men in these countries. Crude mortality was positively correlated with the proportion of the population aged ≥65 years but not with time. Age-adjusted mortality was greatest in the Russian Federation and Turkmenistan, and greater in men than women. Over time, mortality declined, with the greatest decline per annum evident in Kazakhstan (8.7%) and the Russian Federation (7.0%). Conclusions Among countries that provided data to the World Health Organization using a broad category of “cerebrovascular disease,” there was a decline in mortality in two of the countries that previously had some of the largest mortality rates for stroke.

scholarly journals Analysis of the state of production and consumption of vegetables in the russian federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
A.P. Korolkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Federal District ◽  
World Health ◽  
Income Levels ◽  
Vegetable Products ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Health Organization

It is shown that the level of consumption of vegetable products by the population of the Russian Federation is significantly lower than the standards recommended by the Ministry of Health of Russia and the World Health Organization. The dynamics of production, the level of marketability, exports and imports, the ratio of prices for domestic and imported vegetable products have been analyzed. The assessment of consumption of vegetable products by region, by federal district, by group of the population having different income levels is provided. Proposals have been prepared for the development of production and growth of consumption of vegetables by the population of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Alm ◽  
Eeva K Broberg ◽  
Thomas Connor ◽  
Emma B Hodcroft ◽  
Andrey B Komissarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Region ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

We show the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic clades over time and between countries and outline potential genomic surveillance objectives. We applied three genomic nomenclature systems to all sequence data from the World Health Organization European Region available until 10 July 2020. We highlight the importance of real-time sequencing and data dissemination in a pandemic situation, compare the nomenclatures and lay a foundation for future European genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2.

Importance of Using Standardized Birth Weight Increments to Report Neonatal Mortality Data

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
Marcus C. Hermansen ◽  
Shirin Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Mortality Statistics ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Neonatal mortality statistics are frequently reported in 100-g increments of birth weight. We tabulated our mortality statistics using two methods of incrementation: 500 to 599 g, 600 to 699 g, 700 to 799 g, etc. (method A) and 501 to 600 g, 601 to 700 g, 701 to 800 g, etc (method B). In each 100-g weight group, the mortality was less using method B. The average reduction in mortality using method B was 4.1%. Use of the two different methods creates difficulty in making meaningful comparisons of various published reports. We recommend that all future studies use method A, as that method is more consistent with previous recommendations of the World Health Organization.

scholarly journals Recognition and liquid authority

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ole Jacob Sending
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Security Council ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
The World ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Relational Aspect ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Over Time

To analyze how authority emerges, become institutionalized, and may be transformed, we are best served with a concept of authority that highlights its dynamic features, and that captures the multiplicity of actors involved in producing and sustaining it. Extant accounts tend to operate with a view of ‘solid’ authority, but such a concept of authority is mainly descriptive, not explanatory. A turn to the liquid features of authority is not only better suited to account for global authority, but also for those pockets of ‘solid’ authority that we can find in the global or international sphere. I develop an account of authority that draws selectively from some of Bourdieu’s core concepts and highlight the inherently relational aspect of authority. Authority, I submit, is based on actors’ search for recognition. Such a perspective is better able to account for how authority emerges and may stabilize as ‘solid,’ and also be transformed over time. I draw on examples from the World Health Organization and the UN Security Council to illustrate the argument.

scholarly journals Vascular dementia as a frontal subcortical system dysfunction

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 997-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEFFREY C. L. LOOI ◽  
PERMINDER S. SACHDEV
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Vascular Dementia ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
American Psychiatric Association ◽  
World Health ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common subtype of dementia in Western countries (Desmond, 1996) and, overall, may be the most common subtype of dementia in the world (Henderson, 1994). Furthermore, the recognition of some major risk factors of cerebrovascular disease makes VaD a form of ‘preventable senility’ (Hachinski, 1992). The last decade has seen a major re-evaluation of the concept of VaD (Erkinjuntti & Hachinski, 1993; Hachinski, 1994), with new diagnostic criteria having been proposed (World Health Organization, 1993; American Psychiatric Association, 1994) but without any consensus (Wetterling et al. 1996). Indeed, some investigators have called for the abandonment of the diagnosis of VaD and the adoption of alternative nosology (Hachinski, 1994). It is therefore time to re-examine the concept of VaD and evaluate its distinctive features.

scholarly journals Global Stroke Statistics 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 819-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joosup Kim ◽  
Tharshanah Thayabaranathan ◽  
Geoffrey A Donnan ◽  
George Howard ◽  
Virginia J Howard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Stroke Incidence ◽  
Stroke Units ◽  
The World ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Health Organization

Background Data on stroke epidemiology and availability of hospital-based stroke services around the world are important for guiding policy decisions and healthcare planning. Aims To provide the most current incidence, mortality and case–fatality data on stroke and describe current availability of stroke units around the world by country. Methods We searched multiple databases (based on our existing search strategy) to identify new original manuscripts and review articles published between 1 June 2016 and 31 October 2018 that met the ideal criteria for data on stroke incidence and case–fatality. For data on the availability of hospital-based stroke services, we searched PubMed for all literature published up until 31 June 2018. We further screened reference lists, citation history of manuscripts and gray literature for this information. Mortality codes for International Classification of Diseases-9 and International Classification of Diseases-10 were extracted from the World Health Organization mortality database for each country providing these data. Population denominators were obtained from the World Health Organization, and when these were unavailable within a two-year period of mortality data, population denominators within a two-year period were obtained from the United Nations. Using country-specific population denominators and the most recent years of mortality data available for each country, we calculated both the crude mortality from stroke and mortality adjusted to the World Health Organization world population. Results Since our last report in 2017, there were two countries with new incidence studies, China ( n = 1) and India ( n = 2) that met the ideal criteria. New data on case–fatality were found for Estonia and India. The most current mortality data were available for the year 2015 (39 countries), 2016 (43 countries), and 2017 (7 countries). No new data on mortality were available for six countries. Availability of stroke units was noted for 63 countries, and the proportion of patients treated in stroke units was reported for 35/63 countries. Conclusion Up-to-date data on stroke incidence, case–fatality, and mortality statistics provide evidence of variation among countries and changing magnitudes of burden among high and low–middle income countries. Reporting of hospital-based stroke units remains limited and should be encouraged.

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