Particulate matter air pollution from the city of Quito, Ecuador, activates inflammatory signaling pathways in vitro

Automobile traffic, industrial processes and natural phenomena cause notable air pollution, including gaseous and particulate contaminants, in urban centers. Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution affects human health, and has been linked to respiratory, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. The mechanisms underlying inflammation in these diverse diseases, and to what extent health effects are different for PM obtained from different sources or locations, are still unclear. This study investigated the in vitro toxicity of ambient course (PM10) and fine (PM2.5) particulate matter collected at seven sites in the urban and periurban zones of Quito, Ecuador. Material from all sites was capable of activating TLR2 and TLR4 signaling pathways, with differences in the activation related to particle size. Additionally, airborne particulate matter from Quito is an effective activator of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

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Emerging applications of microfluidic techniques for in vitro toxicity studies of atmospheric particulate matter

Aerosol Science and Technology ◽

10.1080/02786826.2021.1879373 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

Fobang Liu ◽

Nga Lee Ng ◽

Hang Lu

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Atmospheric Particulate Matter ◽

In Vitro Toxicity ◽

Atmospheric Particulate ◽

Toxicity Studies

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In vitro Interaction between Human Basophils and Polymorphonuclear Granulocytes Effect of Airborne Particulate Matter

International Archives of Allergy and Immunology ◽

10.1159/000236293 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 99 (2-4) ◽

pp. 390-393 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

B. Hitzfeld ◽

H. Friedrichs ◽

H. Behrendt

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Airborne Particulate Matter ◽

Airborne Particulate ◽

Polymorphonuclear Granulocytes ◽

In Vitro Interaction ◽

Human Basophils

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In vitro toxicity of particulate matter emissions from residential pellet combustion

Journal of Environmental Sciences ◽

10.1016/j.jes.2021.06.008 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 115 ◽

pp. 215-226

Author(s):

Estela D. Vicente ◽

Daniela Figueiredo ◽

Cátia Gonçalves ◽

Isabel Lopes ◽

Helena Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

In Vitro Toxicity ◽

Particulate Matter Emissions

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Abstract P391: Inhalation Of Airborne Particulate Matter Alters Cardiovascular Function Of Alzheimer-prone Mice

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/res.129.suppl_1.p391 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 129 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Devin R O'Piela ◽

Ty A Saldana ◽

David M Aslaner ◽

Matthew W Gorr ◽

Amy R Mackos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Mouse Model ◽

Transgenic Mouse ◽

Airborne Particulate Matter ◽

Transgenic Mouse Model ◽

Cardiovascular Dysfunction ◽

Airborne Particulate

Air pollution has detrimental effects on cardiovascular and lung function, and the extent of its pathological consequences continues to be uncovered. Recently, air pollution has been implicated in the development of Alzheimer Disease (AD) progression. AD and heart failure are common co-morbidities, giving reason to believe that cardiovascular dysfunction may contribute to AD. A known contributor to cardiovascular dysfunction-particulate matter (PM 2.5 , < 2.5 μm diameter)—is a critical component of air pollution and is considered a risk factor for heart failure and AD development. This co-morbidity pattern and shared environmental risk factor prompted the hypothesis that PM 2.5 contributes to cardiovascular dysfunction in a transgenic mouse model of AD. We tested our hypothesis by subjecting 6-month-old transgenic (APP) and non-carrier wildtype (WT) male mice to filtered air (FA) or PM 2.5 for 5 days/week, 6 hours/day for 3 months (n = 34). Following exposure, echocardiography, pressure-volume (PV) loops, and respiratory mechanics were performed to detect cardiac and pulmonary changes associated with genotype and exposure conditions among the 3-month group. Echocardiography revealed left ventricular anterior wall thickness in systole was significantly elevated among PM-exposed APP mice compared to FA-exposed APP controls. PV data demonstrated significant reduced end-systolic elastance in PM-exposed mice compared to FA-exposed mice in both WT and APP mouse models, demonstrating impaired contractility. PV loops also showed that the time constant of isovolumetric relaxation was increased in PM-exposed compared to FA-exposed WT mice. APP mice experienced higher lung resistance and central airway resistance with an increasing dose of methacholine. Taken together, these findings indicate airborne particulate matter exposure causes cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction in a transgenic mouse model of AD.

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Airborne particulate matter from livestock production systems: A review of an air pollution problem

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.011 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 158 (1) ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 151

Author(s):

María Cambra-López ◽

André J.A. Aarnink ◽

Yang Zhao ◽

Salvador Calvet ◽

Antonio G. Torres

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Production Systems ◽

Airborne Particulate Matter ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Airborne Particulate ◽

Pollution Problem

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Assessment of PM10 in Aurangabad City of Central India

International Journal of Environment ◽

10.3126/ije.v5i2.15007 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 61-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Geetanjali Kaushik ◽

Arvind Chel ◽

Sangeeta Shinde ◽

Ashish Gadekar

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Fine Particulate Matter ◽

Tall Buildings ◽

Central India ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Traffic Density ◽

High Pollution ◽

High Concentrations ◽

The City

Almost 670 million people comprising 54.5% of our population reside in regions that do not meet the Indian NAAQS for fine particulate matter. Numerous studies have revealed a consistent correlation for particulate matter concentration with health than any other air pollutant. Aurangabad city a rapidly growing city with population of 1.5 million is home to five major industrial areas, the city is also known for its historical monuments which might also be adversely affected from air pollution. Therefore, this research aims at estimating PM10 concentrations at several locations across Aurangabad. The concentration of PM10 was highest at the Railway Station followed by Waluj (an industrial zone) and City chowk is the centre of the city which has high population, tall buildings, few open spaces which causes high congestion and does not allow the particulates to disperse. Other locations with high concentrations of PM are Mill corner, Harsul T-point, Kranti Chowk, Seven Hill, TV centre and Beed Bye pass. All these locations have narrow roads, high traffic density, poor road condition with pot holes and few crossing points which cause congestion and vehicle idling which are responsible for high pollution. Therefore, it is evident that air pollution is a serious issue in the city which may be further aggravated if it is not brought under control. Hence, strategies have to be adopted for combating the menace of air pollution.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTVolume-5, Issue-2, March-May 2016, Page :61-74

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Analyzing the basic meteorological aspects of a particulate air pollution episode over the industrial area of Northwestern Greece during the November of 2009

Global NEST Journal ◽

10.30955/gnj.001015 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 241-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Wind Field ◽

Lower Troposphere ◽

Airborne Particulate Matter ◽

Radical Change ◽

Industrial Area ◽

Lower Atmosphere ◽

Horizontal Wind ◽

Pollution Episode

The complex terrain basin of Amyntaio – Ptolemais – Kozani in Western Macedonia of Greece is an area characterized by increased industrial activity and therefore it demands continuous and assiduous environmental monitoring. A prolonged particulate matter air pollution episode was recorded in the area during November 2009. Basic meteorological aspects are analyzed, during the episode period. Daily and hourly PM10 and PM2.5 concentration measurements were used along with surface and lower atmosphere hourly meteorological parameters from 13 measuring stations. The observational data were supported by data produced by the meteorological component of an air pollution model. The overall analysis showed that the episode was primarily the result of the synoptic setting of the middle and lower troposphere. An Omega blocking pattern which gradually transformed to a high-over-low pattern prevailed over central and southern Europe during the episode’s period. The examination of the vertical wind field in the lower troposphere and appropriate stability indices, revealed a continuous absence of significant convection. The weak horizontal wind field near the surface and the reduced mixing height combined with the lack of synoptic forcing resulted in the trapping of the pollutants in the lower troposphere and the recording of increased airborne particulate matter concentrations. The radical change of the synoptic setting in the first days of December marked the end of the episode.

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Airborne Particulate Matter

Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies - Environmental Issues Surrounding Human Overpopulation ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-1683-5.ch012 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 202-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bhawna Dubey ◽

Asim Kumar Pal ◽

Gurdeep Singh

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Human Health ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Global Climate ◽

Airborne Particulate Matter ◽

Airborne Particulate ◽

Urban Centers ◽

Population Number ◽

Biological Entities ◽

Toxic Trace Metals

Airborne particulate matter is considered to be most challenging environmental issues in the world today due to its impact on various atmospheric processes like regional and global climate change, ecosystem, agriculture and most importantly on human health in recent times. Analysis reveals that particulate matter contains various inorganic and organic compounds and biological entities and their secretions and toxic trace metals. The main regions affected are urban centers due to an increasing population, number of diverse industries, fossil fuel driven vehicles and various construction activities. The present chapter deals with the scenario of particulate matter, their sources of generation, size and their impact on human health and environment mainly in urban dwellings.

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