Safeguarding children

2021 ◽  
pp. 175573802199585
Author(s):  
Sabana Shaikh ◽  
Rubena Ali Malik
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meetings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Psychological Harm

It is the duty of every healthcare professional to ensure they prioritise the welfare of a child by protecting them from physical or psychological harm. Forms of child abuse include physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect. A child subjected to emotional abuse or neglect can present with ambiguous symptoms, making the abuse difficult to detect. Safeguarding concerns must be acted upon according to local procedures, guided by the child safeguarding lead and the practice safeguarding policy. Safeguarding multidisciplinary meetings can be an effective way of communicating with various professionals involved with the family.

scholarly journals Physical, Psychological and Sexual Abuse of the Minor in the Families from the Northwestern Region of Romania- Social and Medical Forensics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Liana BUHAȘ ◽  
Claudia JUDEA-PUSTA ◽  
Bogdan Adrian BUHAȘ ◽  
Simona BUNGAU ◽  
Adrian Sorin JUDEA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physical Neglect

Background: In Romania, the abuse within the family of the minor child is a widespread phenomenon, its extent is insufficiently known because of ignorance/not reporting all the existing cases. Methods: The participants of the research are represented by two independent groups from the NW Romania 2007-2011, one for sociological study (1544 parents and 1283 children) and another for forensic statistical study (2761 cases of abused children). The sociological study was carried out by analyzing questionnaires applied in schools located in Bihor County, both to children and parents. The statistical analysis was carried out by studying the cases of the physically, sexually, and psychologically abused minors, recorded at Bihor County Forensic Service. Results: Physical neglect and physical abuse are the most common forms of child abuse. The forensic analysis highlight that most of the victims are male from urban areas. Physical abuse is more common in the 16-18 age group, psychological abuse in children aged between 6-10 yr, and sexual abuse in children under the age of 14 years. Girls were subject to sexual abuse, neglect, and emotional abuse, more frequently in rural areas; boys were most often victims of exploitation, physical, and emotional abuse in both urban and rural areas. Conclusion: The results of the study led to the formulation of general guidelines on this phenomenon and highlight the need for proposals to improve the current situation of child abuse within the family.

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Forensic Aspects of Physical Abuse of Minors

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ndoye El Hadji Oumar
Keyword(s):  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
The Body ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
The Family ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Negligent Treatment ◽  
The Relationship

Child abuse is a phenomenon whose magnitude remains unknown in Africa. It includes all forms of physical and/or emotional abuse, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent treatment, or commercial exploitation.This is a prospective descriptive study, with systematic case-by-case recruitment of victims of physical abuse of minors received in the forensic medicine department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital over a twelve (12) month period, from July 20, 2016 to July 19, 2017.The study included 218 cases of child abuse out of 1110 patients who were seen for any reason, a proportion of 20%. Victims aged between 11 and 15 years old were the most represented with 46.7% and more than half were out of school with 59.6%, girls were the most represented in our study with 73.3% with a sex ratio M/F = 0.36. The relationship between the victim and the aggressor was familial in (44%). The injuries were found all over the body. 77.60% of the victims had a total work disability of less than or equal to 20 days. Physical abuse is common in Conakry. Young subjects are the most affected, especially student summary. Minors constitute a fragile population, dependent and vulnerable to the assaults to which they are subjected, both inside and outside the family sphere.

Child Abuse: Parenteral Hydrocarbon Administration

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 719-722
Author(s):  
FRANK T. SAULSBURY ◽  
MICHAEL C. CHOBANIAN ◽  
WILLIAM G. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Battered Child Syndrome ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Battered Child ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Child Syndrome ◽  
Original Report

The recognized spectrum of child abuse and neglect has expanded enormously since the original description of the battered child syndrome by Kempe et al, in 1962.1 In addition to physical abuse, we now realize that sexual abuse and nutritional neglect, as well as emotional abuse and neglect of children are problems of considerable magnitude. Another form of child abuse reported with increasing frequency is the intentional poisoning of children. Although this form of child abuse was mentioned by Kempe et al1 in their original report, it has only recently received more recognization and attention. Because of several unique characteristics, some authors2-4 favor considering intentional poisoning as a distinct subgroup of child abuse.

Battered baby syndrome

Trauma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-218
Author(s):  
Shashank Pooniya ◽  
Sanjeev Lalwani ◽  
Nirupam Madaan ◽  
Manju Mehta ◽  
Ashu Bhalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Attending Physician

The problem of battered baby and child abuse is a much underreported condition, easily missed by the attending physician and autopsy surgeon. According to a study by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, India, in 2007, more than two-thirds (69%) of children, particularly in the age group of 5–12 years, faced physical abuse, mostly (89%) by parents. Sexual abuse occurred in over half of them (53%) and every second child faced emotional abuse, mostly by parents (83%). In this presentation, we will be sharing the experience of managing two cases of battered baby syndrome, reported at a tertiary health care centre in India.

Family Matters: Examining Child Abuse and Neglect as Family Dysfunction for Minority Youth Living in Extreme Poverty

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Spano ◽  
Michael A. David ◽  
Sara R. Jeffries ◽  
John M. Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Family Dysfunction ◽  
Minority Youth ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Abuse And Neglect

Two competing models of child abuse and neglect (scapegoat vs. family dysfunction) are used to illustrate how the specification of victims (“index” victim vs. all children in household) from incidents of child abuse and neglect can be used to improve estimates of maltreatment for at-risk minority youth. Child Protection Services records were searched in 2005 for 366 “index” victims who were surveyed for 5 consecutive years (from 1998 to 2002) for the Mobile Youth Survey as well as other siblings in the household. The findings indicate that the baseline estimate of any maltreatment, sexual abuse, physical abuse, and neglect increased by 68%, 26%, 33%, and 74%, respectively, after adjusting for incidents that involved multiple victims (i.e., maltreatment as family dysfunction). In addition, the baseline estimate of more severe (indicated) incidents of physical abuse and neglect increased by 67% and 64%, respectively, after accounting for incidents that involved multiple victims, but there were no incidents of more severe (indicated) sexual abuse that involved multiple victims. Similarly, baseline estimates of age of onset (or chronicity) of maltreatment during childhood and adolescence increased by 62% and 26%, respectively. Baseline estimates for youth with 3 or more years of maltreatment and youth with 3 or more incidents of maltreatment both increased by about 71%. The implications of these findings for policy and practice as well as areas for future research are also discussed.

The role of dentist and forensic odontologist in oral and dental aspects of child abuse and neglect

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Khare Sinha ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Gorea ◽  
Radhika M. Bavle
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Physical Trauma ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
The Face ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Dental Injuries

Child abuse can take many forms like physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse and Munchausen’s syndrome. It is important to realize that dentist should be aware that such physical and sexual abuse may result in oral and dental injuries or conditions. This review is going to highlight the facts of child abuse and neglect that are overlooked and unnoticed in routine dental practice. Dentists are in an ideal position to detect signs of child abuse because 65% of all physical trauma associated with abuse occurs in the face or neck area. This paper lays emphases on such findings, their significance and to meticulously observe and document them. Furthermore, prominences on key steps in recognizing and reporting abuse while conducting and documenting interviews with the children and parents culminating with discreet cases of abuse related to dentistry.

scholarly journals It is a family affair: individual experiences and sibling exposure to emotional, physical and sexual abuse and the impact on adult depressive symptoms

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Kullberg ◽  
Charlotte van Schie ◽  
Eleonore van Sprang ◽  
Dominique Maciejewski ◽  
Catharina A. Hartman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Childhood abuse and neglect often occurs within families and can have a large influence on mental well-being across the lifespan. However, the sibling concordance of emotional abuse and neglect (i.e. together referred to as emotional maltreatment; EM), physical abuse (PA) and sexual abuse (SA) and the long-term impact on the context of siblings' maltreatment experiences are unclear. To examine the influence of EM, PA and SA on adult depressive symptoms within the family framework we differentiate between (a) the family-wide (mean level of all siblings) effects and (b) the individual deviation from the mean family level of maltreatment. Methods The sample (N = 636) consists of 256 families, including at least one lifetime depressed or anxious individual and their siblings. Multilevel modeling was used to examine the family-wide and relative individual effects of childhood maltreatment (CM). Results (a) Siblings showed most similarity in their reports of EM followed by PA. SA was mostly reported by one person within a family. In line with these observations, the mean family levels of EM and PA, but not SA, were associated with more depressive symptoms. In addition, (b) depression levels were more elevated in individuals reporting more EM than the family mean. Conclusions Particularly in the case of more visible forms of CM, siblings' experiences of EM and PA are associated with the elevated levels of adult depressive symptoms. Findings implicate that in addition to individual maltreatment experiences, the context of siblings' experiences is another crucial risk factor for an individuals' adult depressive symptomatology.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Child Abuse and Correlations with Family Factors Among Elementary School-aged Children

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raheleh Rafaiee ◽  
Fahimeh Mohseni ◽  
Nafiseh Akbarian
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
School Children ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Abuse And Neglect

Background: The economic pressure on Iranian families has increased in recent years. Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of child abuse in three domains of physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect among a sample of elementary school children in Iran and compare the results with previous studies from Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 400 elementary school children were selected through multistage cluster sampling from Shahroud, Iran, and assessed for all child abuse domains, except for sexual abuse, using a validated self-administered Persian questionnaire. Demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the participants were collected. Data were statistically analyzed, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 10.83 years (SD = 1.9). Overall, 63.8%, 27%, and 90.3% of children reported emotional abuse, physical abuse, and neglect, respectively. There were significant associations between the mother’s employment status and neglect (P < 0.001), father’s education and physical child abuse (P = 0.03), and father’s smoking and emotional child abuse (P < 0.001). The results showed that lower levels of family socioeconomic status had significant effects on neglect (P = 0.006) and emotional child abuse (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Among the studied children, 73.8% declared at least one type of child abuse. It seems that the prevalence of neglect increased among school-aged children compared to previous studies from Iran. The low socioeconomic status of the family is significantly related to child abuse. Family physicians and school counselors play important roles in identifying and reporting child abuse and neglect. Therefore, they should be more involved in the prevention of child abuse.

Child Abuse and Mandatory Reporting

1996 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Grant Holland
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Single Child ◽  
Failure To Protect

In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being:In Victoria, and to some extent Australia, the last two decades have seen some clarification in the classification of the various forms of child maltreatment and abuse. Currently, the major forms of child abuse are acknowledged as being physical abuse or non-accidental physical injury; sexual abuse and exploitation; emotional/psychological abuse and neglect. These forms of maltreatment often convey an implied message of non-accidental or committed harm against children. Abuse, however, can often occur by neglect or a failure to protect children, and therefore can be characterised as abuse by ommission. Many practitioners and professionals now use the term 'child abuse and neglect' rather than the single 'child abuse' term.

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