Battered baby syndrome

Trauma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-218
Author(s):  
Shashank Pooniya ◽  
Sanjeev Lalwani ◽  
Nirupam Madaan ◽  
Manju Mehta ◽  
Ashu Bhalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Attending Physician

The problem of battered baby and child abuse is a much underreported condition, easily missed by the attending physician and autopsy surgeon. According to a study by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, India, in 2007, more than two-thirds (69%) of children, particularly in the age group of 5–12 years, faced physical abuse, mostly (89%) by parents. Sexual abuse occurred in over half of them (53%) and every second child faced emotional abuse, mostly by parents (83%). In this presentation, we will be sharing the experience of managing two cases of battered baby syndrome, reported at a tertiary health care centre in India.

Safeguarding children

2021 ◽  
pp. 175573802199585
Author(s):  
Sabana Shaikh ◽  
Rubena Ali Malik
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Multidisciplinary Meetings ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Psychological Harm

It is the duty of every healthcare professional to ensure they prioritise the welfare of a child by protecting them from physical or psychological harm. Forms of child abuse include physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect. A child subjected to emotional abuse or neglect can present with ambiguous symptoms, making the abuse difficult to detect. Safeguarding concerns must be acted upon according to local procedures, guided by the child safeguarding lead and the practice safeguarding policy. Safeguarding multidisciplinary meetings can be an effective way of communicating with various professionals involved with the family.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Gender-Based Violence and pregnancy outcome in Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in Selected Primary Health Care Centres in Abuja FCT, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-292
Author(s):  
Christabel Oyowo Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Gender Based Violence ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Gender Based

Objective: The Aim Of The Study Was To Determine The Prevalence Of Gender-Based Violence And Pregnancy Outcomes In Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinics In Two Selected Primary Health Care Centres At Abuja FCT, Nigeria. Methodology: The Descriptive And Analytical Cross-Sectional Research Design And A Convenience Sampling Method Were Used. A Pretested Semi-Structured Questionnaire With A Cronbach’s Alpha Value Of 0.77 Was Administered With The Interviewer-Administered Data Collection Technique To Collect Data. The Study Population Were Pregnant Women Who Attended Antenatal Clinic At The Primary Health Care Centres At Karu And Jikwoyi In Abuja-FCT; The Sample Size Was 384 Pregnant Women Between The Ages Of 15-44 Years. Raw Data Generated From The Completed Questionnaire Was Analysed For Simple Frequency, Percentage, And Chi-Square Analysis Using The SPSS Version 16. Results: Prevalence Of GBV Among The Participants Was 59.6%, 99.4% Accounted For Emotional Abuse, Physical Abuse At 28.5%, And Sexual Abuse At 13.6%. The Findings Indicate That GBV Single Cases Of Emotional Abuse Was 66.7%, Physical Abuse Was 0.4%, Combined Cases Of Emotional And Physical Violence Were 19.3%, Emotional Combined With Sexual Was 4.8%, While The Case Of Multiple Violence Of Emotional, Physical And Sexual Was 8.8%. Overall, Husbands Were The Perpetrators Of The Abuse And Accounted For Emotional Abuse At 96.9%, Physical At 89.2%, And Sexual Abuse At 100.0%. Conclusion: The Effect Of Physical Abuse On Pregnant Outcome Among Pregnant Women In Their Previous Pregnancies Was That 27.6% Had A Miscarriage, While 6.9% Had Preterm Delivery.

CLINICAL PROFILE OF PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS OF VERNAL KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS PRESENTING TO THE TERTIARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Apoorva Jain
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Slit Lamp ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Slit Lamp Examination ◽  
History Of

PURPOSE - to study the clinical prole of patients of vernal keratoconjunctivitis presenting to the tertiary health care centre. METHODS- This was a prospective observational study that involved 100 eyes of 50 patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis complaining of itching, burning and ropy discharge. Slit lamp examination was done in all the patients. RESULTS-There were 37 males and 13 females and the age group taken was 1 to 15 years. 4 patients belonged to the age group of 1 to 5 years, out of which all 4 were males. 32 patients belonged to age group of 6 to 11 years, out of which 24 were males and 8 were females. 14 patients belonged to the age group of 12 to 15 years, out of which 9 were males and 5 were females. On slit lamp examination cobblestone papillae were seen in 46% patients, pseudogerontoxon was seen in 32% patients, Horner Tranta's spots were seen in 18% patients and shield ulcer was seen in 4% patients. CONCLUSION-VKC is a common form of allergic conjunctivitis and the disease tends to occur in males of 6 to 11 years age group. Most common is palpebral form followed by mixed and bulbar forms. Some cases showed history of dust exposure, atopy and other allergic conditions.

scholarly journals Physical, Psychological and Sexual Abuse of the Minor in the Families from the Northwestern Region of Romania- Social and Medical Forensics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Liana BUHAȘ ◽  
Claudia JUDEA-PUSTA ◽  
Bogdan Adrian BUHAȘ ◽  
Simona BUNGAU ◽  
Adrian Sorin JUDEA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physical Neglect

Background: In Romania, the abuse within the family of the minor child is a widespread phenomenon, its extent is insufficiently known because of ignorance/not reporting all the existing cases. Methods: The participants of the research are represented by two independent groups from the NW Romania 2007-2011, one for sociological study (1544 parents and 1283 children) and another for forensic statistical study (2761 cases of abused children). The sociological study was carried out by analyzing questionnaires applied in schools located in Bihor County, both to children and parents. The statistical analysis was carried out by studying the cases of the physically, sexually, and psychologically abused minors, recorded at Bihor County Forensic Service. Results: Physical neglect and physical abuse are the most common forms of child abuse. The forensic analysis highlight that most of the victims are male from urban areas. Physical abuse is more common in the 16-18 age group, psychological abuse in children aged between 6-10 yr, and sexual abuse in children under the age of 14 years. Girls were subject to sexual abuse, neglect, and emotional abuse, more frequently in rural areas; boys were most often victims of exploitation, physical, and emotional abuse in both urban and rural areas. Conclusion: The results of the study led to the formulation of general guidelines on this phenomenon and highlight the need for proposals to improve the current situation of child abuse within the family.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Diabetes Amongst Diabetes Patients at A Primary Health Care Centre in Durban, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Primary Health Care Centre ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is considered a major public health problem in South Africa and Globally. The condition is not well-managed globally and in SA. The most important known intervention for prevention and management of DM is lifestyle modification which depends largely on the knowledge, attitude and practices of DM patients and general population. The objective of the study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices on diabetes among DM patients. Method: This was a cross-sectional prospective study conducted on diabetic patients attending a primary health care centre in South Africa between January to June 2018. Students t-test and ANOVA tests were conducted to find the mean difference of the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores among the demographic variables. Pearson’s correlation test was conducted to find the relationship between Knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards DM. All statistical tests were performed using two-sided tests at the 0.05 level of significance. Results: Most of the respondents were over the age of 45 years (87%), female (74%), had no education (58%) and unemployed (52%). Results showed that DM patients had poor level of knowledge, had better positive attitudes towards DM and the respondents were practicing positively towards the management of DM. DM patients in the age group of 46-55 years were practicing better towards DM compared to patients from age group of 25-35 years. It was also found that those had no income practiced significantly better than those earning >R3001 per month (p<0.05). It was found that knowledge was moderately positively correlated with practice towards DM (p<0.05). Conclusion: The knowledge and practice levels of lifestyle modifications and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending KwaDabeka Community Health Centre were generally poor. Nevertheless, majority of these patients have positive attitude toward healthy lifestyle habits which could potentially be harnessed and translated into healthy lifestyle practices. Health education intervention through Health Care Workers might improve the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the DM patients regarding DM

scholarly journals Clinicopathological study of cervical lymphadenopathy at rural tertiary health care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Yogesh M. Paikrao ◽  
Prashant M. Deshpande ◽  
Kailas N. Chintale
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: The term lymphadenopathy refers to nodes that are abnormal in size, consistency or number. Cervical lymphadenothy is one of the common and important presentations of the underlying pathology of the head and neck region which has large number of differential diagnosis like neoplasms, infections (specific and non-specific) and in immune deficiency disorders and also, the rare disorders like Inflammatory pseudotumour (Plasma cell granuloma) and Kikuchi-Fujimoto diseases. Etiological profile of cervical Lymphadenopathy varies from region to region, in developing countries like India, acute respiratory infection, suppurative skin infection and tuberculosis are the main causes for cervical lymphadenopathy while in developed countries secondary carcinoma are the most frequent causes for cervical lymphadenopathy.Methods: This hospital based cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology in Rural Tertiary Health Care Centre. The period of the study was from January 2014 to June 2016.Results: In our study of 176 patients the youngest patient was 13year of age and oldest patient was 68 years old. The majority of patients affected were in the age group of 21 to 30 years (30.68%) followed by 13 to 20 years (23.86%). The least affected age group was 60 to 70 years (5.8%). There were 80 men and 96 women. The male to female ratio in present study was 1:1.2 The frequently affected age group was 21 to 30 years in men (26.25%) as well as women (34.38%). In our study Neck swelling was present in all cases (100%). fever was the second most common symptom in 54 cases (30.68%) followed by cough in 45 cases (25.56%). In our study most frequently involved lymph node group was posterior cervical in 68 cases (38.39%), followed by upper deep cervical in 66 cases (37.50%).Conclusions: In the present study it was found that tuberculosis was the most frequent cause of cervical Lymphadenopathy in 48.29% of patients, followed by reactive Lymphadenopathy in 17.34%, metastatic lymphadenopathy in 15.34% chronic nonspecific Lymphadenopathy in 14.77% and primary lymphoreticular malignancy in 4.35%. In our study out of 176 cases of cervical lymphadenopathy 141 cases (80.11%) were non neoplastic and 35 cases (19.88 %) were neoplastic.

The Role of Social Cohesion in Preventing Child Abuse Among Rural Chinese Left-Behind ChildrenThis research was approved by the research ethics committee of Renmin University of China.

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052095865
Author(s):  
Huiping Zhang ◽  
Aijia Ma ◽  
Yali Li
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Abuse ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Left Behind

Child abuse is a significant public health issue that can affect children’s physical and mental health. However, few studies have examined rural Chinese left-behind children. The role of social cohesion of rural Chinese communities in the prevention of child abuse remains understudied. The present study aims to investigate certain factors that could reduce child abuse problems, placing a special focus on the protective role of social cohesion, especially for left-behind rural children. Data were collected from a sample of 1,049 school-aged rural children from the largest middle school in China’s Henan Province. It was found that social cohesion directly affected physical abuse and emotional abuse; furthermore, social cohesion was more significantly associated with emotional abuse, whereas sexual abuse was a more significant issue for left-behind children than for those living with their parents. However, the moderating effect of the left-behind status on the association between social cohesion and physical abuse was not significant. Our findings suggest that social cohesion is an important factor for preventing emotional and sexual abuse. Thus, it is necessary to enhance social cohesion in rural Chinese communities with left-behind children to reduce their risk of experiencing child abuse.

Study the prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and HIV co-infection in all Pulmonary Tuberculosis patients at tertiary health care centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Sanjay Girmaji Mutyepod ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Pulmonary Medicine ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Loss Of Appetite

Background: Co-infection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and tuberculosis(TB) is considered to be one of the emerging medical conditions responsible for huge social and economic burden globally. Tuberculosis is leading cause of mortality among people living with HIV/AIDS. Methodology: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care centre of a city in Maharashtra between the periods of 1st August 2019 to July 2020. Study population were IPD patients from department of pulmonary medicine of tertiary health care centre. Sampling technique: Every fifth PTB diagnosed patient admitted in ward of pulmonary medicine department was included in the study till the sample size was achieved. The data was entered to excel sheet and analyzed by Windows 10 excel software. Result: study subjects were from age group 16-30 years of age, in this age group 2 (0.75%) patient was co-infected with PTB and HIV. 86(32.33%) study subjects were from age group 31 – 45 years of age from this age group 8 (3.00%) patients were HIV PTB co-infected. 2(0.75%) patient was there in age group 13-15 years of age. Symptoms of study subjects in PTB with HIV patients most common symptoms were weight loss(100%), Loss of appetite(100%) and evening rise of fever (85.71%).While in PTB without HIV patients loss of appetite evening rise of fever and weight loss was most common symptoms. In patients of PTB and HIV co-infection, sputum smear positive rate was lower, 6 out of 14 patients (42.86%) as compared to patients without PTB and HIV co-infection, 148 out of 252(i.e., 58.73%). Conclusion: It can be concluded from our study that there is difference n demography of HIV co-infection with Tuberculosis also it differed in clinical and radiological features also we have noted that the mortality of HIV –TB co-infection was having higher mortality i.e. 14.28% as compared to without co-infection i.e. 3.96%, hence prompt treatment by antiviral drugs and timely screening for TB and timely treatment is mandatory.

scholarly journals A STUDY OF INCIDENCE OF ANTE-PARTUM HEMORRHAGE AND ITS TYPES AT TERTIARY HEALTH CARE CENTRE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Pratibha. Patil ◽  
Dr. Sanjay Patil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Hypochromic Anemia ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Care Centre ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Abruptio Placenta

Introduction: Worldwide approximately 830 women die every day from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth; 99% of those 830 daily deaths are women from developing countries. Aims and Objectives: To Study incidence of ante-partum hemorrhage and its types at tertiary health care centre Methodology: This study was conducted in Medical college & General hospital, in the Department of Obsterics & Gynecology. A Total no. of 104 cases of antepartum hemorrhage admitted in hospital were studied & analyzed .In the present study all patients who had bleeding from genital tract after 20 weeks of gestation & before second stage of labor were included . The data was entered in excel sheets and analyzed and presented in tabular form expressed in percentages. Result: In our study we have seen that the majority of the patients were of Placenta previa were 1.39%, followed by Abruption placenta Were -0.93%, Local lesions were 0.05%, Unclassified group were 0.05%, Total APH were - 2.42%, Of the Total No. of deliveries 4307.  The majority of the patients were in the age group of 21-25 were -37.50%, 26-30 - 28.84%, 16-20- 20.20%, 31-35- 9.62%, 35 & above were 2.84%. The majority of the patients of APH were of Third party were -25.00%, Second –21.15%, Primi-18.27%, Fourth –16.34%, Fifth and Sixth & above were -9.62%. Placenta previa was more common in Third- 26.67%, followed by Second – 23.33%, and Primi -16.27%. Abruptio placenta placenta was more common in Primi and Third-22.5%, second and fifth was 17.5%, Sixth & above were 12.5%. This observed difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05) . Conclusion: In our study we have seen that the majority of the patients were of Placenta previa, the majority of the patients were in the age group of 21-25, The majority of the patients of APH were of Third party. Placenta previa was more common in Third parity, Abruptio placenta placenta was more common in Primi and followed by Second Third parity. Key words: Ante-Partum hemorrhage (APH), Abruptio placenta, Placenta previa, Anemia of chronic disease, Microcytic hypochromic anemia.

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