scholarly journals Jasminum flexile Flower Absolute from India – a Detailed Comparison with Three Other Jasmine Absolutes

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert A. Braun ◽  
Birgit Kohlenberg ◽  
Sherina Sim ◽  
Manfred Meier ◽  
Franz-Josef Hammerschmidt
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Benzyl Acetate ◽  
The South ◽  
Benzyl Benzoate ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Methyl Linolate

Jasminum flexile flower absolute from the south of India and the corresponding vacuum, headspace (VHS) sample of the absolute were analyzed using GC and GC-MS. Three other commercially available Indian jasmine absolutes from the species: J. sambac, J. officinale subsp. grandiflorum, and J. auriculatum and the respective VHS samples were used for comparison purposes. One hundred and twenty-one compounds were characterized in J. flexile flower absolute, with methyl linolate, benzyl salicylate, benzyl benzoate, (2E,6E)-farnesol, and benzyl acetate as the main constituents. A detailed olfactory evaluation was also performed.

The grand platform of Huangchengtai at Shimao site in Shenmu, Shaanxi

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The South ◽  
The Core ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Multiple Contexts ◽  
Relative Chronology ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Stone Carvings ◽  
Longshan Period

Abstract Remains of the grand platform in the locus of Huangchengtai at Shimao site in Shenmu, Shaanxi was discovered and excavated during the 2018–2019 season. The south-eastern corner and southern buttress of the platform were revealed. The locations of the other three sides of the buttresses were also preliminarily confirmed. As many as 70 stone carvings were discovered from multiple contexts, including the surface of the southern buttress, the floor of the corridor, as well as the debris of the southern buttress inside the corridor. The relative chronology of this platform and stone carvings cannot be later than the late Longshan period. The absolute date ranges from 2000 BCE to 1800 BCE. Fieldwork performed at the grand platform encourages multiple archaeological discussions, including the settlement layout within the Huangchengtai area, the nature of the settlement, and its role as the core of the Shimao site.

Unraveling the identity of Paepalanthus decorus (Eriocaulaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 518 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
LUCAS ESPINDOLA FLORÊNCIO DA SILVA ◽  
MARCELO TROVÓ
Keyword(s):  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Publication ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
The South ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
La Plata

Paepalanthus decorus was described by Delia Abbiatti from a single collection of individuals made by Carlos Luis Spegazzini in Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, deposited at the La Plata Museum. The species is known only from the type specimens, which were unusual for being collected far to the south of the distribution of the other species included in P. sect. Diphyomene. In recent nomenclatural treatments for P. sect. Diphyomene, P. decorus was disregarded, remaining known only from its original publication. Here, we critically evaluate the protologue, type specimens, and the vegetative and floral morphology of this species. As a result, we propose its synonymization under P. flaccidus. A detailed comparison of these species is provided, along with comments on typification, with a lectotype designated for P. flaccidus.

The Westphalian–Stephanian macrofloral record from the South Wales Coalfield, UK

2007 ◽  
Vol 144 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHER J. CLEAL
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
The South ◽  
Significant Drop ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Total Species Richness ◽  
Total Species

The South Wales Coalfield has the most complete Westphalian macrofloral record anywhere on the Variscan Foreland or adjacent basins, with 135 biodiversity-meaningful morphospecies having been recognized. All of the standard macrofloral biozones of the Westphalian Stage have been recognized, although a detailed comparison with the Central Pennines Coalfields has indicated some discrepancies in the relative positions of the biozonal boundaries. Total Species Richness progressively increases through the Langsettian Substage, and then remains relatively stable through most of the Duckmantian and Bolsovian substages. There is a distinct reduction in Total Species Richness towards the top of the Bolsovian Substage, but this partially recovers in the middle Asturian Substage with the appearance of a range of marattialean ferns, and medullosalean and callistophytaleans pteridosperms. There is no evidence of any significant drop in Total Species Richness towards the top of the succession, indicating that conditions at this time were relatively stable. The change from coastal floodplain to alluvial braidplain conditions in middle Bolsovian times correlates with a marked increase in the proportion of medullosalean remains being preserved in the adpression record, reflecting an expansion of the clastic-substrate habitats.

scholarly journals Discovering sounds in Patagonia, characterizing sei whale (<i>Balaenoptera borealis</i>) downsweeps in the south-eastern Pacific Ocean

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Español-Jiménez ◽  
Paulina A. Bahamonde ◽  
Gustavo Chiang ◽  
Verena Häussermann
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Absolute Maximum ◽  
Maximum Frequency ◽  
Eastern Pacific Ocean ◽  
The South ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
The Absolute

Abstract. Sei whales (Balaenoptera borealis) is the least known whale species. Information on sei whale´s vocalizations in the south-eastern Pacific Ocean and its regional variability are even more scarce than that from other ocean areas. This research presents the first characterization of sei whale sounds recorded in Chile during austral autumn of 2016 and 2017. A total of 41 calls have been attributed to sei whale’s downsweeps. In 2016, calls ranged from an average maximum frequency of 105.3 Hz down to an average minimum 35.6 Hz over 1.6 s with a peak frequency of 65.4 Hz. During 2017, calls ranged from an average maximum frequency of 93.3 Hz down to 42.2 Hz (over 1.6 s) with a peak frequency of 68.3 Hz. The absolute minimum frequency recorded was 30 Hz and the absolute maximum frequency was 129.4 Hz. Calls generally occurred in pairs, but triplets or singles were also registered. These low frequency sounds share characteristics with recordings of sei whales near the Hawaii Islands, but with differences in the maximum frequencies and duration. These calls distinctly differ from sounds previously described for sei whales in the Southern Ocean and are the first documented sei whale calls in the South-eastern Pacific.

scholarly journals The Pleistocene stratigraphy of the south-eastern sector of the Scandinavian glaciation (Belarus and Lithuania) in the light of new data

Baltica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaida Šeirienė ◽  
Tatjana Rylova ◽  
Alexander Karabanov ◽  
Valentinas Baltrūnas ◽  
Irina Savchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
Eastern Sector ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
The Absolute

The paper summarises geological and palaeobotanical investigation data on Pleistocene sediments of recent decades in Lithuania and Belarus. The main problems in Pleistocene stratigraphy and correlation of sections are discussed. As a result the chronostratigraphical correlation chart of Lithuania and Belarus is presented and some changes in local stratigraphic schemes proposed. The majority of the stratigraphical units is comparable and correlates well however some unsolved stratigraphical problems still exist. To solve these problems additional very detail investigations are needed by applying the new modern methods. The lack of the absolute dates of the Pleistocene sediments is the main problem in both countries.

scholarly journals Liquid CO2 Extraction of Jasminum grandiflorum and Comparison with Conventional Processes

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700
Author(s):  
Om Prakash ◽  
Deeptanjali Sahoo ◽  
Prasant Kumar Rout
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Free Product ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
The Other ◽  
Benzyl Acetate ◽  
Methyl Anthranilate ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Liquid Co2 ◽  
The Absolute

The concrete (0.35%) of Jasminum grandiflorum L. flowers was prepared by extraction in n-pentane, and the absolute (0.27%) by fractionation of the n-pentane extract (concrete) with cold methanol. Direct extraction of flowers with liquid CO2 gave a relatively fat-free product in 0.26% yield. The liquid CO2 extract was enriched with terpenoids and benzenoids, thus providing the organoleptically accepted product. The major compounds, such as benzyl acetate, ( E,E)-α-farnesene and ( Z)-3-hexenyl benzoate, along with compounds like indole, methyl anthranilate, ( Z)-jasmone, ( Z)-methyl jasmonoate and ( Z)-methyl epi-jasmonoate, are responsible for the high diffusivity of the jasmine fragrance. These compounds have been obtained with improved recoveries in the liquid CO2 extract. On the other hand, the yield of the essential oil was poor (0.05%), and some polar compounds (oxygenated terpenoids) were recovered in less amounts in comparison with either the n-pentane or liquid CO2 extract.

scholarly journals New Cembranoid Diterpene from the South China Sea Soft Coral Sarcophyton sp

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Cao ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Kai-Xia Xu ◽  
Meng-Qi Zhang ◽  
Chang-Yun Wang
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Absolute Configuration ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Modified Mosher’S Method

One new oxygenated cembranoid diterpene, named sarcophytol W (1), along with six known analogues (2–7) were isolated from a soft coral Sarcophyton sp. collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with previously reported data. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned on the basis of the absolute configuration of the related congener 2, which was determined by application of the modified Mosher's method. All the compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifouling activities.

scholarly journals The reasons for the elimination of Zaporizhzhya Sich

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Yuriy Osadchyy
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The Self ◽  
The South ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Relationship

In this article the author makes an attempt to analyse the reasons for the elimination of Zaporizhzhya Sich in the whole diversity and relationships, and also try to show the dynamics of their maturation for the duration of the last Zaporozhye Kosh. The author indicates that the aggravation of contradictions between the official St. Petersburg and Zaporozhye Cossacks began virtually immediately after their return in 1733 in citizenship of Russia and grounds of the New Sich A new Sich became irritant to the Russian throne, also because she saved the self-government of Cossacks. In 1764 the Institute of Hetman was abolished, then the only edge in Ukraine, where even acted troop and administrative – territorial self-government, was Zaporozhye. The relationship between the New Sich and St. Petersburg became particularly acute after the formation of Ekaterinoslav province. Russian - Turkish war of 1768-1774 became fateful years for the New Sich. After its completion and conclusion of Kyuchuk– Kaynardzhiysky treaty the borders of Russia has moved far to the South of Zaporozhye. New Sich has turned into the interior of the empire and lost its significance as an important outpost to protect the southern borders of the Russian Empire from the Turkish-Tatar aggression. According to the author, the main reason for the elimination of Zaporizhzhya Sich was that it, as a kind of enclave inside the country, has become totally incompatible with the absolute monarchy, which was established in Russia, as well as with the ongoing Russian autocrats administrative and territorial reforms aimed to centralize Empire.

scholarly journals Vapour flux divergence and moisture budget calculations for Labrador-Ungava

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (25) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
R. G. Barry
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Moisture Budget ◽  
Eddy Flux ◽  
The South ◽  
Flux Divergence ◽  
Evaporation Losses ◽  
Vapour Flux

For the two winter seasons 1956-57 and 1957-58, the author uses aerological data to estimate the moisture budget for the Labrador - Ungava peninsula. Two methods of estimating the vapour flux-divergence between the surface and 500 mb. are described. In the first, the horizontal divergence is determined from separate maps of the flux components with reference to a latitude - longitude grid. A comparison of the resulting maps of flux-divergence with the winter maps of mean monthly precipitation show an agreement in pattern, although allowing for evaporation losses, the amounts appear to be generally too low except in the south-east. The second method, using a triangle technique (Stephenville - Goose - Sept- Iles) at eight levels proved less reliable. A detailed comparison is made of estimates of the total and eddy flux-divergence (based on the first method) and precipitation minus evaporation estimates, and significant differences are discussed. The results show that correspondence between aerological and surface estimate of precipitation minus evaporation a Labrador - Ungava is not as satisfactory as might be hoped.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document