scholarly journals Effect of Selected Pyrazine Derivatives on the Production of Phenolics and Rutin in Urtica dioica and Fagopyrum esculentum

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100
Author(s):  
Šárka Moravcová ◽  
Vendula Fiedlerová ◽  
Jiří Tůma ◽  
Karel Musil ◽  
Lenka Tůmová
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Urtica Dioica ◽  
Relative Content ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Above Ground Biomass ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

The effect of four pyrazine derivatives on the content of phenolic compounds in Urtica dioica L. and rutin in Fagopyrum esculentum Moench was studied. Pyrazine derivatives H1 and H2 were used on U. dioica, and derivatives S1 and S2 on F. esculentum, both separately and in combination with urea. The content of phenolic compounds in the stems of U. dioica after treatment with H2 at a concentration of 10−3 M significantly increased compared with the control and to a lower concentration of the same pyrazine derivative. In the case of S1 and S2 for F. esculentum, rutin content also increased in stems, mainly after treatment together with urea. By contrast, rutin and phenolics contents in the leaves did not change in comparison with controls after application of H1, H2, S1 and S2. Treatment with H1 and H2 in two chosen concentrations resulted in a significant increase in the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. A slight increase in the rate of photosynthesis was observed also after application of variants of S1 and S1 with urea. Pyrazine derivatives did not show any effect on either the relative content of chlorophyll or chlorophyll fluorescence. A slight weight reduction of above ground biomass was shown only after application of S1 and S2. Dark necrosis on the edges and center of the leaves was observed in all treated plants after pyrazine application. The results suggest that all the pyrazine derivatives possess herbicidal effects.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation as a Climate Adaptation Strategy for Establishment of Swietenia macrophylla King. Seedlings

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Lakshmy J. Rajan ◽  
Santhoshkumar A. V. ◽  
Surendra Gopal K. ◽  
Kunhamu T. K.
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Rate Of Photosynthesis

Research Highlights: Drought stress significantly decreased the performance of seedlings in the nursery. Seedlings inoculated with Claroideoglomus etunicatum is recommended to produce superior planting stock of mahogany seedlings with better drought resistance in the nursery. Background and Objectives: With numerous intense droughts across tropical regions due to climate change, it is crucial to understand effects of drought stress on tree seedlings to improve crop management practices and avoid failures on large scale planting. Swietenia macrophylla, a commercial timber species in India, is poorly studied in relation to its management including physiological responses to various environmental stresses. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is known to improve performance of tree seedlings under drought conditions and produce quality planting stock in nursery. This study aims to understand the responses of mahogany seedlings under different levels of drought stress when inoculated with three types of AMF, namely Funneliformis mosseae, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, and Rhizophagus intraradices. Materials and Methods: The experiment is conducted in pot culture using a factorial completely randomized design. Different irrigation regimes were applied at 100, 80, 60, and 40 percentage of weekly cumulative evapotranspiration. The seedlings were tested for biometric, physiological, and mycorrhizal parameters periodically. Results: Physiological attributes such as rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, and water potential were found to be higher in the daily irrigated (control) seedlings. Performance of the seedlings were poorest in the least irrigated treatment. It was apparent that inoculated seedlings performed better than the non-inoculated ones. Conclusions: Among the three different AMF species used, C. etunicatum was found to be the most beneficial and suitable for the young mahogany seedlings. These seedlings also recorded higher root colonization percentage and total spore count in the rhizosphere soils. Seedlings inoculated with C. etunicatum showed positive influence on rate of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, relative growth rate (RGR) and water potential of seedlings.

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) hulls and flour

2000 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Quettier-Deleu ◽  
Bernard Gressier ◽  
Jacques Vasseur ◽  
Thierry Dine ◽  
Claude Brunet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

scholarly journals Features of stomatal conductance of СО2 of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench leaves

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
A.V. Amelin ◽  
◽  
A.N. Fesenko ◽  
V.V. Zaikin ◽  
E.I. Chekalin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

scholarly journals Studies Regarding Treatments of Led-s Emitted Light on Sprouting Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Oana LIVADARIU ◽  
Carmen MAXIMILIAN
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Light Emitting Diodes ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Adverse Influence ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench

The present study presents the influence exercised by LED (light emitting diodes)-s emitted white (W), red (R), blue (B) light on sprouting of buckwheat seeds and evaluated the effects on content of phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity and flavonoids.The fresh weight of hypocotyls, showed that the R light has generated the best influence for sprouts and W light has generated the most adverse influence. The content of flavonoids was stimulated by R LED for variant sprouts with testa (V3), while both B and R LED inhibited for variant without testa (V4, V6). The higher concentration of polyphenols was obtained for V5 variant illuminated with B LED and increased for V4 variant illuminated with R LED. The antioxidant capacity was higher for V3 variant illuminated with B light and stimulated by R LED in V4 variant.The results contribute to the establishment an efficient working protocol, for obtaining sprouts from buckwheat seeds, with a comprehensive content of bioactive components, various nutrients by applying the R LED treatment.

The Effects of Drought on Leaf Gas Exchange and Growth of Three Species of Herbaceous Perennials

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 540a-540
Author(s):  
K.J. Prevete ◽  
R.T. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Analysis System

Three species of herbaceous perennials were tested on their ability to withstand and recover from drought stress periods of 2, 4, and 6 days. Eupatorium rugosum and Boltonia asteroides `Snowbank' were chosen because of their reported drought intolerance, while Rudbeckia triloba was chosen based on its reported drought tolerance. Drought stress began on 19 Sept. 1997. Plants were transplanted into the field the day following the end of each stress period. The effects of drought on transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthetic rate were measured during the stress and throughout recovery using an infrared gas analysis system. Leaf gas exchange measurements were taken through recovery until there were no differences between the stressed plants and the control plants. Transpiration, stomatal conductance, and photosynthesis of Rudbeckia and Boltonia were not affected until 4 days after the start of stress. Transpiration of Eupatorium decreased after 3 days of stress. After rewatering, leaf gas exchange of Boltonia and Rudbeckia returned to non-stressed levels quicker than Eupatorium. Growth measurements were taken every other day during stress, and then weekly following transplanting. Measurements were taken until a killing frost that occurred on 3 Nov. There were no differences in the growth between the stressed and non-stressed plants in any of the species. Plants will be monitored throughout the winter, spring, and summer to determine the effects of drought on overwintering capability and regrowth.

Exploring the Pharmacognostic Features, Anti-oxidant and Lipid Lowering Potential of Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Seed

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Neeraj Panihar ◽  
Neeru Vasudeva ◽  
Sunil Sharma ◽  
Babu Lal Jangir
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum Moench ◽  
Β Carotene

Background: Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. is a herb consumed as food and has medicinal value. It is a rich source of bioactive nutrients which cure and prevent many ailments. Traditionally, it is used to treat hypertension, diabetes, constipation, cancer etc. Methods and Objective: Present work illustrates morphological, microscopic and physicochemical parameters of Fagopyrum esculentum seeds as per WHO guidelines, in vitro antioxidant activity; assessed by DPPH scavenging method, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay and β-carotene linoleic acid bleaching method and study of lipid lowering potential of the ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of seeds on normal diet fed Wistar rats. Results: Morphological studies delineated the triangular shape, dark brown colour, 8 mm length and 6 mm width of the seed. The microscopic examination of the transverse section of seed depicted features like testa or pericarp (seed coat), the endosperm, embryo and sclerenchyma cells. Study of physiochemical parameters exhibited 0.3±0.02% of foreign matter and 1.44±0.51% crude fibre content. Total ash, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash value were 6.7±1.7%, 1.9±0.23% and 3.9± 0.31% respectively. Alcohol soluble and water soluble extractive value came out to be 65.02± 3.21 mg/g and 12.7±1.24 mg/g respectively. Foaming index was less than 100, swelling index was found to be 0.5±0.01 ml/g. Loss on drying was 4.02±1.27%. Phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate and ethanol extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, phenolic compounds, phytosterols and flavonoids. Trace amount of heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Pesticide residue analysis confirmed the presence of nontoxic pesticides like dimethipin, hymexazol, phenothrin-2, methoprene, triadimenol, prohydrojasmon- 1, jasmolin ii, triademinol, jasmolin i, prohydrojasmone i, cyromazine in both the extracts by gc-ms spectrometer. The ethyl acetate and ethanol extract has shown significant in-vitro antioxidant activities demonstrated by the DPPH method (IC50 = 94.37±2.51 and 216.04±4.39 μg/ml respectively), hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay (IC50 = 83.72±3.72 and 193.47±5.05 µg/ml respectively) and β-carotene bleaching method (IC50 = 100.67±4.01 and 205.39±2.89 µg/ml respectively). Lipid lowering study performed on Wistar rats demonstrated a significant (p<0.001) decrease in serum Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG) and increase in High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level as compared to normal group. Both the extracts have shown a non significant difference in the level of TG as compared to standard drug atorvastatin, depicting that the efficacy of extracts is at par with that of standard drug atorvastatin. Conclusion: Pharmacognostical study of the plant can be a very good tool for identification as well as authentication of a herb. Moreover, these parameters may be helpful in the development of monograph of the plant. Pharmacological activity confirmed Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. seed to be a good antioxidant and have lipid lowering potential.

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