scholarly journals Chemical Constituents, Anti-nociceptive and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Essential Oil of Phyllanthus muellerianus

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1984635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Daniel O. Igile ◽  
Oladipupo A. Lawal ◽  
Roberta Ascrizzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Plate Analysis

The aim of the present study was to characterize the chemical composition and to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties of the essential oil from the leaves of Phyllanthus muellerianus (Kuntze) Exell. The essential oil was hydrodistilled and characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analyses. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated on carrageenan-induced rat paw edema while the anti-nociceptive test was based on hot plate analysis. The hydrodistillation afforded 0.09% (dry weight basis) of pale yellow oil. Thirty-eight compounds representing 94.8% were identified in the oil. The major components of the oil were hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (11.6%), isocaryophyllene (9.8%), and limonene (9.4%). The oils of P. muellerianus displayed anti-nociceptive effect at a rate independent of reaction time and dose ( P < 0.001). The rate of inhibition increased exponentially as the dose increases with optimum activity at 400 mg/kg. The carrageenan-induced edema model revealed the suppression of inflammatory mediators at a very high significant value ( P < 0.001) for all doses, showing activity comparable to a standard drug at 4 hours after carrageenan injection. Collectively, the essential oils depressed the nociceptors and most likely acted as centrally mediated opioid analgesics while the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the oil might be related to the decrease in the level of iNOS, and cyclo-oxygenase-2 in the edema paw via the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL1-β), NO, and PGE2 production. This study confirms the analgesics and inflammatory activities of P. muellerianus.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Essential Oil from Ecuadorian Endemic Species Croton ferrugineus and Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4608
Author(s):  
Eduardo Valarezo ◽  
Génesis Gaona-Granda ◽  
Vladimir Morocho ◽  
Luis Cartuche ◽  
James Calva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Total Composition ◽  
Radical Scavenging Properties

Croton ferrugineus Kunth is an endemic species of Ecuador used in traditional medicine both for wound healing and as an antiseptic. In this study, fresh Croton ferrugineus leaves were collected and subjected to hydrodistillation for extraction of the essential oil. The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector and gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer using a non-polar and a polar chromatographic column. The antibacterial activity was assayed against three Gram-positive bacteria, one Gram-negative bacterium and one dermatophyte fungus. The radical scavenging properties of the essential oil was evaluated by means of DPPH and ABTS assays. The chemical analysis allowed us to identify thirty-five compounds representing more than 99.95% of the total composition. Aliphatic sesquiterpene hydrocarbon trans-caryophyllene was the main constituent with 20.47 ± 1.25%. Other main compounds were myrcene (11.47 ± 1.56%), β-phellandrene (10.55 ± 0.02%), germacrene D (7.60 ± 0.60%), and α-humulene (5.49 ± 0.38%). The essential oil from Croton ferrugineus presented moderate activity against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) with an MIC of 1000 μg/mL, a scavenging capacity SC50 of 901 ± 20 µg/mL with the ABTS method, and very strong antiglucosidase activity with an IC50 of 146 ± 20 µg/mL.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From the Leaves of Pterocephalus hookeri

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2098123
Author(s):  
Peng-fei Yang ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Qiong-bo Wang ◽  
Zhi-wei Zhao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural (7.08%), oleic acid (5.25%), and phytone (4.56%) were the major components. In the antimicrobial assay, the essential oil showed strong inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 31.3, 62.5, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerning chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocephalus hookeri.

scholarly journals Volatile Composition, Toxicity, Analgesic, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Mucuna pruriens

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2093232
Author(s):  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Gbenga O. Ojenike ◽  
Fanyana M. Mtunzi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mucuna Pruriens ◽  
Opioid Antagonist ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Proinflammatory Mediators ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation

The volatile constituents, toxicity, antinociception, and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil obtained from the leaf of Mucuna pruriens utilis collected from Nigeria are reported. The essential oil was analyzed comprehensively utilizing gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detector and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) using the HP-5 column. The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory assays were analyzed by a hot plate, formalin, and carrageenan-induced edema assays, respectively. The essential oil was obtained in a yield of 0.2% (v/w) calculated on a dry weight basis. A total of 36 compounds representing 94.8% of the oil contents were identified. The oil contained a high content of ( E)-2-hexenal (19.0%), linalool (8.9%), 1-hexanol (6.6%), and trans-dehydroxylinalool oxide (5.2%). The analgesic property of the essential oil was slightly significant ( P < 0.5) only at the third hour for the 400 mg/kg while other doses are less active. The rate of inhibition was moderate (24.1%-54%) during the analgesic phase of the formalin assay. The rate of inhibition at the anti-inflammatory phases of both formalin and carrageenan were significantly high (100%) and P < 0.001 for all the doses during the reaction duration. The potential proinflammatory mechanism might be due to effects on several proinflammatory mediators, including, histamine, serotonin, and bradykinin, and the ability of the essential oils to act as centrally mediated opioid analgesic. Mucuna pruriens essential oils displayed a high anti-inflammation potential and can be used as a potential centrally mediated opioid antagonist against analgesia.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils from Resin and Bark of Agathis borneensis

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Fouziah Binti Alet ◽  
Zaini Bin Assim ◽  
Ismail Bin Jusoh ◽  
Fasihuddin Badruddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Capillary Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Flame Ionization Detector ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Main Components

The chemical constituents of essential oils obtained from resin and bark of Agathis borneensis were analysed using capillary gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC/MS). The resin essential oil dominated by α-pinene (30.93%), δ-limonene (17.79%), β-pinene (11.28%) and terpinen-4-ol (8.35%). The main components in the bark essential oil were β-pinene (8.68%), terpinen-4-ol (8.54%), α-pinene (8.50%) and α-terpineol (8.48%).

scholarly journals Root Bark of Cordia millenii Essential Oil: Anti-inflammatory and Anti-nociceptive Activities

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Yahaya Yakubu ◽  
Peter O. Afolabi
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Plate Analysis

Aims: Considering the lack of scientific studies focused on the pharmacological activity of Cordia millenii essential oil, this work was designed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of essential oil from the root bark. Study Design: The design of the study include collection of root bark of Cordia millenii, hydrodistillation of essential oil from the plant and evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive potentials. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemistry, Lagos State University, Nigeria between May 2017 and April 2018. Methodology: The root bark of C. millenii were collected from Ayetoro, Ilesha (7°37¢0N 4°43¢0E), Osun State, Nigeria in June 2017. Essential oils were obtained from the air-dry sample by hydrodistillation procedure in an all glass Clevenger-apparatus. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The anti-nociceptive action was established from the hot-plate analysis. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism (version 7.02). Results: The anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil was statistically significant (p < 0.001) at 1st and 3rd h for the 100 mg/kg p.o., at 1st-3rd h for the 200/kg mg p.o. and at 3rd and 4th h for the 400 mg/kg p.o. In addition, the 100 mg/kg p.o. showed significant activity (p < 0.01) at 2nd h. Also, the anti-inflammatory activity was significant (p < 0.05) for 100 mg/kg p.o. (4th h), 200 mg/kg p.o. (4th h) and 400 mg/kg p.o (1st h). The essential oil of C. millenii displayed high activity (p <0.001) for all doses in the hot plate anti-nociceptive assay which was time and dose independent. Conclusion: Results demonstrate that the essential oil of C. millenii was effective in the treatment of inflammatory conditions, thereby supporting the traditional use of this herb.

scholarly journals Seasonal variability of the essential oil of Hesperozygis ringens (Benth.) Epling.

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Pinheiro ◽  
C. M. Machado ◽  
L. P. Amaral ◽  
D. T. Silva ◽  
C. A. A. Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Three Samples

Abstract This study was developed to evaluate the effect of seasonality on the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) of Hesperozygis ringens (Benth.) Epling, a native species from the Brazilian Pampa. Leaves were collected from four specimens of a single population in each of the four seasons for a year and were extracted in triplicate by hydro-distillation for 2 hours. The yield of EO (% w/w) was calculated on fresh weight basis (FWB), and the 16 oil samples were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were used as statistical tools to evaluate differences in chemical composition. The highest yields were obtained in autumn, spring and summer (2.32-4.38%), while the lowest yields were detected in winter, ranging from 1.15 to 1.91%. Oxygenated monoterpenoids were the predominant class of chemical constituents in the EO obtained in all seasons, showing the highest contents in autumn and summer, and pulegone was identified as a major compound, whose contents varied between 54.13 and 81.17%. The EO samples were divided into three chemical groups by HCA and PCA and were assigned to the same group, except for the three samples gathered in winter. The results showed a seasonal influence on the yield and chemical composition of the EO.

scholarly journals Composition and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Essential Oil of Jatropha Curcas

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tolulope E. Adeosun ◽  
Isiaka A. Ogunwande ◽  
Opeyemi N. Avoseh ◽  
Ismail P. Raji ◽  
Oladipupo A. Lawal
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Anti Inflammation

The chemical constituents and anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil from the leaf of Jatropha curcas L (Euphorbiaceae) collected from Nigeria are reported. The analysis of the chemical constituents of the essential oil was achieved by using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). All constituents of the essential oil, namely neophytadiene (35.8%), phytol (23.1%), trans-pinane (12.7%), 6,10,14-trimethyl-2-pentadecanone (12.3%) and citronellyl propanoate (11.2%), were present in significant amounts. The anti-inflammatory activity of the leaf oil was determined on Wistar rats using egg-albumin as phlogistic agent; significant inhibition ( P< 0.05) was shown at a dose of 2%, v/v. Percentage inhibition of the anti-inflammation increased steadily to 76.6% in the 4th hour.

scholarly journals Minerals, Essential Oils, and Biological Properties of Melissa officinalis L.

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066
Author(s):  
Fahima Abdellatif ◽  
Muhammad Akram ◽  
Samir Begaa ◽  
Mohammed Messaoudi ◽  
Adel Benarfa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Melissa Officinalis ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Total Oil

This study describes the minerals elements, chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. The essential oil (EO) was extracted by hydrodistillation (HD) using a Clevenger-type apparatus of dry leaves of M. officinalis and was analyzed by two techniques, gas chromatography coupled with flame ionization (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Eighteen minerals comprising both macro- and microelements (As, Br, K, La, Na, Sb, Sm, Ba, Ca, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Rb, Sc, Th, and Zn) were determined using neutron activation analysis technique for the first time from Algerian Melissa officinalis plant. Seventy-eight compounds were identified in the essential oil, representing 94.090% of the total oil and the yields were 0.470%. The major component was geranial (45.060%). Other predominant components were neral (31.720%) and citronellal (6.420%). The essential oil presented high antimicrobial activity against microorganisms, mainly five human pathogenic bacteria, one yeast, Candida albicans, and two phytopathogenic fungi. The results can be used as a source of information for the pharmaceutical industry and medical research.

scholarly journals Chemical constituents and insecticidal activity of the essential oil from fruits of foeniculum vulgare miller on larvae of khapra beetle (trogoderma granarium everts)

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iyad Ghanem ◽  
Adnan Audeh ◽  
Amer Abu Alnaser ◽  
Ghaleb Tayoub
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fumigant Toxicity ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Trogoderma Granarium ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare Miller

Abstract The objective of current study was to determine the chemical constituents and fumigant toxicity of essential oil isolated by hydro-distillation from dry fruit of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller). The chemical composition of the essential oil was assessed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Constituents of the oil were determined as α-pinene (1.6%) and limonene (3.3%), fenchone (27.3%), estragol (3.9%), and (E)-anethole (61.1%). The fumigant toxicity of the essential oil was tested on larvae of the stored product insect Trogoderma granarium Everts. The mortality of larvae was tested at different concentrations ranging from 31.2 to 531.2 μl/l air and at different exposure times (24 and 48 h). Probit analysis showed that LC50 and LC90 following a 48 h-exposure period for essential oil were 38.4 and 84.6 μl/l, respectively. These results showed that the essential oil from F. vulgare may be applicable to the management of populations of stored-product insects.

scholarly journals Constituents of Peel and Leaf Essential Oils of Citrus Medica L

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. I. Bhuiyan ◽  
J. Begum ◽  
P. K. Sardar ◽  
M. S. Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Citrus Medica ◽  
Leaf Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Total Oil ◽  
Peel Oil

The chemical constituents of leaf and peel essential oil of Citrus medica L. were analysed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Nineteen components accounting for 99.9% of the oil were identified in leaf oil. The major constituents are erucylamide (28.43%), limonene (18.36%) and citral (12.95%). The peel oil contains forty three components accounting for 99.8% of the total oil and the major components are isolimonene (39.37%), citral (23.12%) and limonene (21.78%). Keywords: Citrus medica; Essential oils; GC-MS; Erucylamide; Isolimonene. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2.1760   

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