Twitter Makes It Worse: Political Journalists, Gendered Echo Chambers, and the Amplification of Gender Bias

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikki Usher ◽  
Jesse Holcomb ◽  
Justin Littman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Peer Relationships ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Substantial Evidence ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Political Journalism ◽  
Female Journalists ◽  
Gender Asymmetry ◽  
Significant Support ◽  
The U.S

Given both the historical legacy and the contemporary awareness about gender inequity in journalism and politics as well as the increasing importance of Twitter in political communication, this article considers whether the platform makes some of the existing gender bias against women in political journalism even worse. Using a framework that characterizes journalists’ Twitter behavior in terms of the dimensions of their peer-to-peer relationships and a comprehensive sample of permanently credentialed journalists for the U.S. Congress, substantial evidence of gender bias beyond existing inequities emerges. Most alarming is that male journalists amplify and engage male peers almost exclusively, while female journalists tend to engage most with each other. The significant support for claims of gender asymmetry as well as evidence of gender silos are findings that not only underscore the importance of further research but also suggest overarching consequences for the structure of contemporary political communication.

scholarly journals Failure in welfare partnerships – A gender hypothesis: Reflections on a serendipity pattern in Local Safeguarding Children Boards

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina I Dudau ◽  
Laura McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Critical Variable ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mind Set

This article examines the roles that occupational segregation and gender bias in the welfare professions play in persistent failures in inter-agency and inter-professional collaborations. Drawing on case study evidence from a Local Safeguarding Children Board in England, a ‘serendipity pattern’ of gender dominance is identified within professions affecting inter-professional collaborations such as those prevalent in Local Safeguarding Children Boards. As we assign this pattern ‘strategic interpretation’, we suggest that policy measures taken to augment the effectiveness of welfare partnerships have, so far, paid insufficient attention to the critical variable of gender, due to over-emphasis on the organisations, rather than the professions, involved. The article’s contribution to practice is unravelling the potential of this oversight to contribute to failure to establish a collaborative mind-set. Our contribution to theory is highlighting specific cultural barriers to inter-professional collaborations, unravelling the power differentials rooted in gender inequity in public sector workforces and challenging professional and organizational traditionalism. In doing so, we offer empirical evidence of the ‘gender hypothesis’ in welfare partnerships and indicate how future investigations might be pursued in this area.

scholarly journals Urgensi Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Jurnalis Perempuan Berspektif Kesetaraan Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Dwi Pusparini ◽  
Gede Made Swardhana
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Female Journalists ◽  
Writing Research ◽  
And Gender

The purpose of writing/research to answers to legal problems experienced by female journalists in a gender perspective and to know strategy of legal protection for female journalists in the future. This type of research is normative legal research. The type of approach used is the statutory and conceptual approach. The results of this study showed that the problem of gender in media is more or less related to the position of marginalization and subordination for women in various fields, among others, the lack of involvement for women in journalism activities, legitimacy regarding gender bias, economic and political interests that dominate, regulation in media that is insensitive about gender and the gap between conventional and gender sensitive journalism. Prevention of protracted gender inequality concerning women, especially against female journalists, it is necessary to have a legal reconstruction considering that women are citizens in the development of women's resources certainly have the same position as men in terms of their position, their rights and obligations so as to get equal opportunities in various fields. Tujuan penulisan/penelitian adalah mengetahui jawaban mengenai permasalahan hukum yang dialami oleh jurnalis perempuan dalam perspektif gender dan mengetahui strategi perlindungan hukum terhadap jurnalis perempuan dimasa yang akan datang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Jenis pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Permasalahan berspektif gender pada media menyangkut pada posisi marginalisasi dan subordinasi bagi perempuan diberbagai bidang antara lain, sedikitnya keterlibatan bagi perempuan pada aktivitas jurnalisme, legitimasi mengenai bias gender, kepentingan ekonomi dan politik yang mendominasi, regulasi pada media yang tidak sensitive mengenai gender serta kesenjangan antara jurnalisme konvenssional serta sensitive gender. Pencegahan ketimpangan gender yang berlarut-larut mengenai perempuan khususnya terhadap jurnalis perempuan maka perlu adanya rekonstruksi hukum mengingat perempuan merupakan warga negara dalam pembangunan sumber daya perempuan tentu mempunyai kedudukan sama terhadap laki-laki dalam hal kedudukannya, hak-haknya serta kewajiban-kewajibannya sehingga memperoleh kesempatan yang sama dalam berbagai bidang.

scholarly journals Net Neutrality in the U.S. – 2015

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Robert Larribeau
Keyword(s):  
Federal Court ◽  
Federal Communications Commission ◽  
The Body ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Court Ruling ◽  
Content Provider ◽  
Treat All ◽  
Significant Support ◽  
The U.S

A U.S. Federal Court ruling in January 2014 overturned Net Neutrality rules issued in 2010 by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the body that regulates both the telecommunications and the cable industries in the U.S.  This sparked significant support for establishing new rules to provide Net Neutrality and resulted in the submission of more than one million comments to the FCC, which broke all records.  This led to the FCC adopting new Net Neutrality rules in February 2015.  The FCC followed President Barack Obama’s lead and classified the broadband operators as common carriers, which will require that they treat all of their customers and all content providers equally.  As common carriers the broadband operators will not be able to favour one content provider over another or favour their own content services.  It is very likely that these new rules will not settle the issue and will be challenged in Congress and in the courts. The Net Neutrality controversy will continue.

Reflections on the 2008 U.S. Presidential Election in the Turkish Blogosphere

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yilmaz ◽  
Umit Isikdag
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Online Activity ◽  
Political Blogs ◽  
Presidential Candidates ◽  
The U.S

The current study presents the results of a research investigation into the role of political blogs in the international political communication process by focusing on the 2008 U.S. presidential election and its reflection in the Turkish blogosphere. Four types of analysis were carried out in order to (a) evaluate the overall blogosphere’s reaction in Turkey towards the U.S. presidential candidates; (b) measure the awareness of Internet audience in Turkey about the candidates; (c) identify the main themes of discourse in the Turkish blogosphere; and (d) determine the level of interactivity in blogs in the discussion of the candidates. A total of 205 political blogs were examined. The findings indicate that a direct relationship between the level of online activity of the candidates and the number of blog entries and comments.

Gendered Media and Political Communication in Africa

2017 ◽  
pp. 1073-1089
Author(s):  
Juliet Wambui Macharia
Keyword(s):  
Political Violence ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
African Countries ◽  
News Stories ◽  
Female Journalists ◽  
The Media ◽  
African Media ◽  
Political Scene

The African media landscape has grown tremendously in the last 20 years and currently, communication channels are more accessible to various groups, even those previously marginalised in the society. Access to communication channels is important as the media sets the agenda and guides everyday discourses and interactions. However, of concern to this paper is the analysis of the African media landscape that is highly gendered; whereby media owners and practitioners are predominantly male. As a result, the message design and communication favours male over female political candidates because a lot of propaganda and persuasion is often used to entice the electorate. The chapter discusses how political images seen on television are often centered on the male dominant figure in politics, while the women are often discussed from the periphery. Due to a mainly male dominated political scene, women shy away from participating and those who chose to get involved, often have to fight against societal stereotypes enabled by the media which inovertly propagates the notion that competitive politics is a manly affair. In many African countries therefore female stereotyping is prevalent in the media during electioneering period. An analysis of news coverage shows that among the news stories reported by male journalists on television, 76 per cent were often men subjects while only 29 percent of stories reported by female journalists were about women in politics. Even when women featured in the stories in the centre pages and at the end of news bulletins, they were about them as victims of political violence during campaigns rather than males/females participating in campaigns as future leaders and decision makers.

How Messages About Gender Bias Can Both Help and Hurt Women’s Representation

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Jordan Brooks ◽  
Danny Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
The Political ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Political Campaign ◽  
Political Ambition ◽  
Female Candidates ◽  
Public Campaign ◽  
The U.S

Gender bias in elections is both a source of debate in the political science literature and a prominent topic in U.S. political discourse. As a result, Americans are exposed to differing messages about the extent to which women face disadvantages in their campaigns for office. We argue that such messages can have differing effects—some of which benefit female candidates, but others that may perpetuate the gender gap in political ambition. Using a survey experiment administered on samples of the U.S. public, campaign donors, and college students, we show that messages portraying women as facing gender bias boosts female candidates’ support and young people’s willingness to engage in campaign activism on their behalf. Simultaneously, it does not affect female candidates’ fundraising ability. But paradoxically, such messages also reduce young women’s confidence in their own ability to run a political campaign. These results suggest important implications for women’s underrepresentation.

Updating Supreme Court Legitimacy: Testing the “Rule, Learn, Update” Model of Political Communication

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 980-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Gibson ◽  
Miguel M. Pereira ◽  
Jeffrey Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Supreme Court Decision ◽  
Court Decision ◽  
Court Decisions ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The U.S

One of the more important innovations in the study of how citizens assess the U.S. Supreme Court is the ideological updating model, which assumes that citizens grant legitimacy to the institution according to the perceived distance between themselves and the Court on a unidimensional ideological (liberal–conservative) continuum. Under this model, citizens are also said to update this calculation with every new salient Supreme Court decision. The model’s requirements, however, do not seem to square with the long-established view that Americans are largely innocent of ideology. Here, we conduct an audit of the model’s mechanisms using a series of empirical tests applied to a nationally representative sample. Our general conclusion is that the ideological updating model, especially when supplemented with the requirement that citizens must become aware of Court decisions, simply does not square with the realities of American politics. Students of Supreme Court legitimacy may therefore want to search for other theories of legitimacy updating.

Using Video to Increase Gender Bias Literacy Toward Women in Science

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evava S. Pietri ◽  
Corinne A. Moss-Racusin ◽  
John F. Dovidio ◽  
Dipika Guha ◽  
Gina Roussos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Bias ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Mathematics Interventions ◽  
Gender Inequity ◽  
Unfair Treatment ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Gender Biases ◽  
Expert Interview ◽  
Underrepresentation Of Women ◽  
And Mathematics

Despite evidence that gender biases contribute to the persistent underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, interventions that enhance gender bias literacy about these fields remain rare. The current research tested the effectiveness of two theoretically grounded sets of videos at increasing gender bias literacy as characterized by (a) awareness of bias, (b) knowledge of gender inequity, (c) feelings of efficacy at being able to notice bias, and (d) recognition and confrontation of bias across situations. The narrative videos utilized entertaining stories to illustrate gender bias, while the expert interview videos discussed the same bias during an interview with a psychology professor. The narrative videos increased participants’ immersion in the story and identification with characters, whereas the expert interviews promoted logical thinking and perceptions of being knowledgeable about gender bias facts. Compared with control videos, the narrative and expert interview videos increased awareness of bias (Experiments 1 and 2) and influenced knowledge of gender inequity, self-efficacy beliefs, and the recognition of bias in everyday situations (Experiment 2). However, only the expert interview videos affected participants’ intentions to confront unfair treatment. Additional online materials for this article are available to PWQ subscribers on PWQ’s website at http://pwq.sagepub.com/supplemental

‘How much love are you going to give this brand?’ Lifestyle journalists on commercial influences in their work

Journalism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Folker Hanusch ◽  
Thomas Hanitzsch ◽  
Corinna Lauerer
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Editorial Content ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Political Journalism ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Normative Ideals

The news increasingly provides help, advice, guidance, and information about the management of self and everyday life, in addition to its traditional role in political communication. Yet, such forms of journalism are still regularly denigrated in scholarly discussions, as they often deviate from normative ideals. This is particularly true in lifestyle journalism, where few studies have examined the impact of commercial influences. Through in-depth interviews with 89 Australian and German lifestyle journalists, this article explores the ways in which journalists experience how the lifestyle industries try to shape their daily work, and how these journalists deal with these influences. We find that lifestyle journalists are in a constant struggle over the control of editorial content, and their responses to increasing commercial pressures vary between resistance and resignation. This has implications for our understanding of journalism as a whole in that it broadens it beyond traditional conceptualizations associated with political journalism.

MOVING STORIES

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Suárez-Orozco ◽  
Carola Suárez-Orozco
Keyword(s):  
Peer Relationships ◽  
English Language ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Immigrant Youth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Children Of Immigrants ◽  
English Language Acquisition ◽  
Competitive Labor Market ◽  
The U.S

AbstractIn the first decade of the new millennium, a new cycle of public concern about the benefits and harms of immigration has erupted. The harsh spotlight on undocumented immigration and border controls has blinded us to many important facets of the problem. In this article, we focus on the experience and integration of the children of immigrants. These youth are the largest growing segment of the U.S. child population—now constituting 20% of our nation's children and projected by the year 2040 to make up one-third of our children. Immigrant-origin youth are extraordinarily diverse, and their experiences resist facile generalizations. The social and educational outcomes of immigrant youth will thus vary substantially depending upon the specific constellation of resources and the settlement context. Of critical importance is how immigrant youth fare academically, as this has long-term implications for their future, as well as our society's well-being. While some are successfully navigating the U.S. educational system, large numbers struggle academically, leaving school without having acquired the tools that will enable them to function in the highly competitive labor market and ever more complex society. Here we explore a variety of factors that shed light on the educational integration of the children of immigrants: educational background; poverty; segregation; undocumented status; English-language acquisition; promoting academic engagement; family relations; peer relationships; communities and community organizations; and mentoring relationships. We advocate a major new policy agenda to ease the transition of America's newest and littlest arrivals to their new home.

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