scholarly journals Women’s organizing against extractivism: towards a decolonial multi-sited analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Angela Caretta ◽  
Sofia Zaragocin ◽  
Bethani Turley ◽  
Kamila Torres Orellana
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The Body ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Geographical Knowledge ◽  
Extractive Industry ◽  
Natural Resource Extraction ◽  
The North ◽  
Embodied Water

In Anglophone geography, proposals have called for the decolonization of geographical knowledge production to be focused on tangible and material manifestations of how dialogue is initiated and mediated among different ontologies and epistemologies. We strive to respond to this call by empirically cutting across the American continent to highlight the embodied and transnational dimensions of natural resource extraction. Across the Americas, extractive industries’ water usage often brings corporations into prolonged conflicts with local communities, who mobilize to resist the initiation and/or expansion of extractive activities that they view as threatening to their health, way of life, and their families and communities’ territories. Through two case studies from West Virginia (WV), USA, and Cuenca, Ecuador, we propose an analytical framework capturing how women organize against the extractive industry as a result of embodied water pollution. We do this with the aim of decolonizing geographical knowledge production, as we propose a decolonial, multi-sited analytical approach, which serves to rethink the scale of effects of extractive industry. By showing how resource extraction affects women’s bodies and water while also effectively allowing us to compare and contrast embodied water relations in WV and Ecuador, we better understand how extractivism works across scales—the body, the environment, and transnationally. We contend that a multi-sited approach disrupts the North–South geographical discursive divide and furthers a decolonial geographical approach in making apparent the embodied production and lived experience of territory across various scales. In this piece, we promote debates on decoloniality within Anglophone geography by proposing that we must not only consider epistemologies and spatial ontologies outside the western canon, but engage with practices and theories occurring in different parts of the globe in a simultaneous fashion as well. We call on fellow geographers to do the same.

scholarly journals Co-constructing feminist research: Ensuring meaningful participation while researching the experiences of criminalised women

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 205979912092526
Author(s):  
Nicola A Harding
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Feminist Methodology ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Meaningful Participation ◽  
Transformative Action

Traditional forms of knowledge production can serve to reproduce the power imbalances present within the social contexts that research and knowledge production occur. With the interests of the discipline of criminology so closely entwined with the criminal justice system, it is no surprise that crime, punishment, rehabilitation and desistance have not been adequately examined from a gendered perspective. This article examines a participatory action research process conducted with criminalised women subject to community punishment and probation supervision in the North West of England. By examining the feminist methodology within which this research is framed, discussions about meaningful collaboration offer insights into the potential for creativity in research to become transformative. Using a range of creative qualitative research methods, specifically map making, photovoice and creative writing, this research attempts to understand the experience of criminalised women. Charting the way in which this research prioritises the collaboration of criminalised women at all stages of the research process, this article proposes that ‘meaningful’ participation is about more than process management. It is only by moving beyond typologies of participation, towards an understanding of how participation in the created research space responds to the groups wider oppression, in this case by overcoming trauma or demonstrating reform, that collaboration with holders of lived experience can uncover subjugated knowledge and facilitate transformative action.

scholarly journals Taxation of Mining and Petroleum

1974 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
R. D. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Case Law ◽  
The United States ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Business Relationship ◽  
Extractive Industry ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Natural Resource Extraction ◽  
The Government ◽  
Proper Interpretation

The following article discusses various types of business arrangements, such as farmouts, participation agreements, operating agreements, joint ventures, etc., which are frequently used in the natural resources extraction industry. The article then discusses section 66 of the Income Tax Act, and in particular, through a review of case law, legal writings and legislative enactments, the author defines and suggests the proper interpretation of the words "association", "partnership" and "syndicate" which, although used in the Act, are not defined. The author then outlines five significant tax provisions which result from the new partnership tax proposals in the Income Tax Act, and which must be of concern to every business which is involved in the area of natural resource extraction. How to determine whether or not a certain business relationship is a partnership, and the consequent applicability or non-applicability of the new partnership taxing provisions, is outlined and examined. The author suggests, however, that in all likelihood the new partnership taxation provisions would only be applied to the clear-cut cases of partnerships and would not be applied to the various types of business arrangements referred to above. In his concluding comments, the author discusses certain election provisions in the Internal Revenue Code of the United States; encourages the government to specifically exclude the normal extractive industry relationships from taxation as partnerships; and discusses the effect of the new tax provisions in relation to the problem of obtaining American capital.

scholarly journals Political ecologies of time and temporality in resource extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 819-829
Author(s):  
Ashley Fent ◽  
Erik Kojola
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Political Ecology ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Extractive Industry ◽  
Natural Resource Extraction ◽  
Temporal Aspects ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Political Ecologies

This article introduces a Special Section on time and temporality in natural resource extraction. The Special Section illuminates the importance of both resource temporalities and temporal strategies around resource extraction, including nostalgia and identity, political strategies to delay projects, and contested attempts at predicting and managing the future. In addressing these themes, contributors highlight divergent spatio-temporalities and memories of extractive landscapes, local people's anticipation of future effects from mining, and governmental and corporate practices to speed up project implementation. We suggest that various temporal aspects – such as history, memory, velocity, delay, and epistemologies of time – play a central role in how struggles and controversies over extractive development manifest in particular places. We also offer additional avenues for research on contested understandings of time and temporality in political ecology.Keywords: natural resources, extractive industry, temporality, political ecology

scholarly journals Indigenous women refusing the violence of resource extraction in Oaxaca

2021 ◽  
pp. 117718012110153
Author(s):  
Isabel Altamirano-Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resource ◽  
Free Market ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Resource Extraction ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Natural Resource Extraction ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
The Web

This article examines the connections among the expansion of natural resource extraction, gender violence, and Indigenous refusal. It demonstrates how free market mining is operationalized through everyday violent practices that are perpetrated on human and nonhuman bodies. It moves from the global to the body to the community of bodies and the bodies of non-human entities to show the ways in which mining activities and violence are refused in Oaxaca, Mexico. By exploring Indigenous women’s practices of refusal, it critiques separations of mind and body, land and body, life and non-life, and centers the web of relationships that constitutes Indigenous life.

Some Things are Worth Losing to Become./? Trans Masculinity|Queer Autoethnography|Where Theory and the Body Collide

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Matt Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Queer Theory ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trans People ◽  
Family Home

This essay seeks to interrogate what it means to become a legible man as someone who held space as a multiplicity of identities before realising and negotiating my trans manhood. It raises the question of how we as trans people account for the shifting nature of our subjectivity, our embodiment and, indeed, our bodies. This essay locates this dialogue on the site of my body where I have placed many tattoos, which both speak to and inform my understanding of myself as a trans man in Ireland. Queer theory functions as a focal tool within this essay as I question family, home, transition, sexuality, and temporality through a queer autoethnographic reading of the tattoos on my body. This essay pays homage to the intersecting traditions within queer theory and autoethnography. It honours the necessity for the indefinable, for alternative knowledge production and representations, for the space we need in order to become, to allow for the uncertainty of our becoming.

scholarly journals Turkey’s queer times: an introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Cenk Özbay ◽  
Kerem Öktem
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sexual Rights ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Sexual Identities ◽  
Queer Culture ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
And Gender

Today Turkey is one of the few Muslim-majority countries in which same-sex sexual acts, counternormative sexual identities, and expressions of gender nonconformism are not illegal, yet are heavily constrained and controlled by state institutions, police forces, and public prosecutors. For more than a decade Turkey has been experiencing a “queer turn”—an unprecedented push in the visibility and empowerment of queerness, the proliferation of sexual rights organizations and forms of sociabilities, and the dissemination of elements of queer culture—that has engendered both scholarly and public attention for sexual dissidents and gender non-conforming individuals and their lifeworlds, while it has also created new spaces and venues for their self-organization and mobilization. At the point of knowledge production and writing, this visibility and the possible avenues of empowerment that it might provide have been in jeopardy: not only do they appear far from challenging the dominant norms of the body, gender, and sexuality, but queerness, in all its dimensions, has become a preferred target for Islamist politics, conservative revanchism, and populist politicians.

scholarly journals Slavery and Its Transformations: Prolegomena for a Global and Comparative Research Agenda

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-598
Author(s):  
Matthias van Rossum
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The Body ◽  
Indonesian Archipelago ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Contemporary Development

AbstractThis article argues that we need to move beyond the “Atlantic” and “formal” bias in our understanding of the history of slavery. It explores ways forward toward developing a better understanding of the long-term global transformations of slavery. Firstly, it claims we should revisit the historical and contemporary development of slavery by adopting a wider scope that accounts for the adaptable and persistent character of different forms of slavery. Secondly, it stresses the importance of substantially expanding the body of empirical observations on trajectories of slavery regimes, especially outside the Atlantic, and most notable in the Indian Ocean and Indonesian Archipelago worlds, where different slavery regimes existed and developed in interaction. Thirdly, it proposes an integrated analytical framework that will overcome the current fragmentation of research perspectives and allow for a more comparative analysis of the trajectories of slavery regimes in their highly diverse formal and especially informal manifestations. Fourth, the article shows how an integrated framework will enable a collaborative research agenda that focuses not only on comparisons, but also on connections and interactions. It calls for a closer integration of the histories of informal slavery regimes into the wider body of existing scholarship on slavery and its transformations in the Atlantic and other more intensely studied formal slavery regimes. In this way, we can renew and extend our understandings of slavery's long-term, global transformations.

Fractures in the northern plains, stream patterns, and the midcontinent stress field

1987 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1086-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mel R. Stauffer ◽  
Don J. Gendzwill
Keyword(s):  
Stress Field ◽  
Horizontal Stress ◽  
The Body ◽  
North American Plate ◽  
Plate Motion ◽  
Viscous Drag ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The North ◽  
Elastic Rebound ◽  
Western North Dakota

Fractures in Late Cretaceous to Late Pleistocene sediments in Saskatchewan, eastern Montana, and western North Dakota form two vertical, orthogonal sets trending northeast–southwest and northwest–southeast. The pattern is consistent, regardless of rock type or age (except for concretionary sandstone). Both sets appear to be extensional in origin and are similar in character to joints in Alberta. Modem stream valleys also trend in the same two dominant directions and may be controlled by the underlying fractures.Elevation variations on the sub-Mannville (Early Cretaceous) unconformity form a rectilinear pattern also parallel to the fracture sets, suggesting that fracturing was initiated at least as early as Late Jurassic. It may have begun earlier, but there are insufficient data at present to extend the time of initiation.We interpret the fractures as the result of vertical uplift together with plate motion: the westward drift of North America. The northeast–southwest-directed maximum principal horizontal stress of the midcontinent stress field is generated by viscous drag effects between the North American plate and the mantle. Vertical uplift, erosion, or both together produce a horizontal tensile state in near-surface materials, and with the addition of a directed horizontal stress through plate motion, vertical tension cracks are generated parallel to that horizontal stress (northeast–southwest). Nearly instantaneous elastic rebound results in the production of second-order joints (northwest–southeast) perpendicular to the first. In this manner, the body of rock is being subjected with time to complex alternation of northeast–southwest and northwest–southeast horizontal stresses, resulting in the continuous and contemporaneous production of two perpendicular extensional joint sets.

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