Eccentric, mature osseous cap: A distinct imaging feature of sinonasal osteoblastoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-84
Author(s):  
Sumeet G. Dua ◽  
Philip H. Locker ◽  
Isolina R. Rossi ◽  
Danny Jandali ◽  
Paulo Gattuso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Series ◽  
Bone Neoplasms ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Characteristic Imaging ◽  
Unusual Occurrence ◽  
Pathologic Basis ◽  
Mature Bone

Background: With the exception of osteomas, bone neoplasms that originate in the sinonasal cavity are seldom diagnosed on preoperative imaging due to a lack of characteristic radiographic features. Here we described the unusual occurrence of an osteoblastoma in the paranasal sinuses, and we drew focus to its salient imaging features. A highly unique imaging sign was indicated, and its pathologic basis was explained, with concurrent review of the literature. Methods: Case series and review of the literature. Results: Two cases of sinonasal osteoblastoma were managed by definitive surgical resection. Both tumors on preoperative computed tomography demonstrated an expansile, heterogeneous fibro-osseous lesion with an eccentric, mature osseous cap. The dense osseous cap seen on imaging corresponded to a rim of mature bone on histopathology. A review of existing literature revealed the presence of this imaging sign in all reported cases. Conclusion: Sinonasal osteoblastoma is an extremely rare entity with undefined imaging characteristics to guide preoperative decision-making. Here we reported, to our knowledge, the first description of a characteristic imaging sign of an eccentric, mature osseous cap, which corresponded histologically to a single peripheral layer rim of osteoblasts, a unique trait of osteoblastoma.

scholarly journals Imaging Diagnosis of Neonatal Anemia: Report of Two Unusual Etiologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Shabnam Bhandari Grover ◽  
G Rajalakshmi Preethi ◽  
Sumita Saluja ◽  
Ankit Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
Congenital Leukemia ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Characteristic Imaging ◽  
The Common

Anemia in neonatal period is rare, with the common causes being Rh and ABO blood group incompatibility, hemorrhagic disease of newborn, congenital hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinopathies, and TORCH (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus) infections. Congenital leukemia and infantile osteopetrosis (OP) are among the rare causes of neonatal anemia. A review of the literature shows approximately 200 reported cases of congenital leukemia. Articles describing the imaging features of congenital leukemia are still rarer. Infantile OP, another rare disorder with a reported incidence of 1 in 250,000 has characteristic imaging features, which are diagnostic of the disease. We report a case each, of two rare diseases: Congenital leukemia and infantile osteopetrosis. Additionally, our report highlights the radiological and imaging features of congenital leukemia and infantile OP and their crucial role in arriving at an early diagnosis.

Steroid Cell Tumours: Rare Ovarian Tumours that Cause Hyperandrogenaemia in Postmenopausal Women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiaodan zhu ◽  
linyu zhou ◽  
jian jiang ◽  
Tian'an Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Clinical Recurrence ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Ovarian Tumours

Abstract Background Diagnosing hyperandrogenemia in postmenopausal women is very difficult, because it occasionally manifests as excessive hair growth or no clinical manifestations, so it is often misdiagnosed or missed diagnosis. Ovarian steroid cell tumours that cause hyperandrogenaemia in women account for approximately 0.1% of all ovarian tumours. Due to the low incidence, corresponding imaging reports are rare, so ovarian steroid cell tumours lacks typical imaging findings to differentiate it from other ovarian tumours. Therefore, we summarized its clinical and imaging characteristics through this case series ,and we also elaborated on the differential diagnosis of steroid cell tumors. We hope to help clinicians have a deeper understanding of ovarian steroid cell tumours.Case presentation we report three cases of postmenopausal women with hyperandrogenaemia.Only 1 patient showed virilization symptoms, the other two patients were completely asymptomatic. All patients underwent total hysterectomy + bilateral adnexectomy. Histological results showed one case of leyding cell tumor (case 1) and two cases of benign non-specific steroid cell tumor (case 2 and case 3). After the operation, the androgen levels of all patients returned to normal, and there was no clinical recurrence since follow-up.Conclusions Through this series of cases, we found that although virilization caused by increased serum testosterone levels is an important clinical feature of ovarian steroid cell tumors, complete asymptomatic is also one of its features. A solid, slightly hypoechoic, round or oval mass with uniform internal echo, richer blood flow in the solid part and low resistance index are typical imaging features of ovarian steroid cell tumors. Diagnosis of ovarian steroid cell tumours after menopause is challenging, but surgery can be used for both diagnosis and clear treatment.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks of the Posterior Fossa: Patient Characteristics and Imaging Features

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen L. Yancey ◽  
Nauman F. Manzoor ◽  
Robert J. Yawn ◽  
Matthew O'Malley ◽  
Alejandro Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Skull Base ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Lateral Skull Base ◽  
Tegmen Tympani ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks

Abstract Objectives The main purpose of this article is to investigate the prevalence and features of posterior fossa defects (PFD) in spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid leaks (sCSFL). Design Retrospective case series. Setting Tertiary skull base center. Participants Consecutive adults undergoing lateral skull base repair of sCSFL between 2003 and 2018. Main Outcome Measures The following data were collected: demographics, comorbidities, radiology and intraoperative findings, and surgical outcomes including complications and need for revision surgery or shunt placement. Patients with incomplete data or leaks following skull base surgery, trauma, or chronic ear disease were excluded. Results Seventy-one patients (74% female, mean age 56.39 ± 11.50 years) underwent repair of spontaneous lateral skull base leaks. Eight ears (7 patients, 11.1%) had leaks involving the posterior fossa plate in addition to defects of the tegmen mastoideum (50%), tegmen tympani (25%), or both (25%). Patients with PFDs more often had bilateral tegmen thinning on imaging (75%, odds ratio [OR]: 10.71, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.20–54.35, p = 0.005) and symptomatic bilateral leaks (OR: 9.67, 95% CI: 2.22–40.17, p = 0.01. All PFD patients had arachnoid granulations adjacent to ipsilateral mastoid cell opacification. However, this finding was often subtle and rarely included on the radiology report. There was no significant difference in body mass index, age, presenting complaints, or operative success between the PFD and isolated tegmen defect sCSFL cohorts. Conclusions The posterior fossa is an uncommon location for sCSFL. Careful review of preoperative imaging is often suggestive and can inform surgical approach. PFD patients are similar to those with isolated tegmen-based defects in presentation, comorbidities, and outcomes.

scholarly journals Concha Bullosa Mucocele: A Case Series and Review of the Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. ar.2016.7.0179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Khalife ◽  
Cinzia Marchica ◽  
Faisal Zawawi ◽  
Sam J. Daniel ◽  
John J. Manoukian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Middle Turbinate ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Subtotal Resection ◽  
Concha Bullosa ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Nasal Mass ◽  
Health Care Center ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Rare Diagnosis

Background Concha bullosa mucocele is a rare diagnosis that presents as a nasal mass. It impinges on surrounding structures and can easily be mistaken for a neoplasm. Objective The objective of this study was to shed light on this rare entity and report its diagnostic features and treatment outcomes. Methods A case series conducted in a tertiary health care center. Demographic data, clinical presentation, imaging, cultures, and treatments were recorded. Operative video illustration and key images were obtained. A review of the literature was also performed. Results A total of five cases were reviewed, four of which were concha bullosa mucoceles and one was a mucopyocele. Three of the patients had some form of previous nasal trauma. Headache and nasal obstruction were the most common symptoms with a nasal mass finding on physical examination. Computed tomography was used in all the patients, and magnetic resonance imaging was used in four of the five patients. Four patients had coexistent chronic rhinosinusitis, and three had positive bacterial cultures. All these patients were treated endoscopically either with middle turbinate marsupialization or subtotal resection. No recurrence has been noted thus far. Conclusion Concha bullosa mucocele is a rare diagnosis. Imaging characteristics are helpful in considering the diagnosis, although surgical intervention is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis and treat concha bullosa mucocele.

scholarly journals Imaging and Pathological Features of Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma: Analysis of 16 Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malvika Gulati ◽  
Abhenil Mittal ◽  
Adarsh Barwad ◽  
Rambha Pandey ◽  
Sameer Rastogi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Part ◽  
Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Hyperintense Signal ◽  
Characteristic Imaging

Abstract Context Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare soft tissue tumor most commonly occurring in deep intramuscular plane of lower extremities of adolescents and young adults. It is a highly vascular, slow growing tumor with malignant potential having lung as the most common site of metastases at the time of presentation. Aims The aim is to review the imaging findings of ASPS and determine characteristic imaging features of this rare tumor. Materials and Methods Sixteen patients having histopathological diagnosis and preoperative imaging of ASPS attending the dedicated sarcoma clinic at our institute were included in the study. The demographic, clinical, and imaging data were retrieved from the case records and then evaluated for characteristic imaging features which may raise suspicion of ASPS. Results The patients ranged from 3 to 72 years of age and with a slight male preponderance. Of the eight CECTs evaluated, 62.5% tumors showed well-defined lobulated margins, 87.5% cases showed intense enhancement with presence of feeder vessels. On CEMRI of 10 patients, 70% had well circumscribed lobulated margins with intense enhancement and tortuous flow voids in most of them. All cases showed T2 hyperintense signal. Fourteen of 16 (87.5%) patients had metastatic disease with lung as the most common site (92.8%). Conclusion ASPS is a rare soft tissue sarcoma seen in children and young adults. Imaging may mimic a vascular malformation due to the presence of tortuous feeders. Misdiagnosis at an early stage may lead to later metastatic presentation of the disease, thus emphasizing the need to suspect it on imaging.

scholarly journals Imaging Characteristics of Breast Lymphoma; a Case Series

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rehman ◽  
Muhammad Atif Naveed ◽  
Javairia Aleem
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Breast Tumour ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Breast Lymphoma ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Pet Ct

Introduction: Breast involvement by lymphoma is rare. It can occur as a primary breast tumour or as an extranodal manifestation of the systemic disease. The imaging features of breast lymphoma (BL) arenot characteristic. Biopsy is necessary for diagnosis due to non-specific imaging features. Materials and Methods: A retrospective electronic medical chart review was conducted of patients diagnosed with lymphomaof breast that underwent diagnostic radiological procedures (including mammography, ultrasound breast, computed tomography (CT) scan and positron emission tomography (PET/CT) scan from 1 July 2018 to 31 March 2019 at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Pakistan. Results: Four patients were identified. On mammogram, the most common finding consisted of the presence of high-density masses with circumscribed or indistinct margins. On ultrasound, hypoechoic masses and indistinct diffuse infiltrative patterns were observed. PET/CT and CT were helpful in detecting extramammary sites of disease and for classifying the disease into primary or secondary BL. Conclusion: The early diagnosis of the BL is important. The radiologists should include lymphoma in the differential diagnosis when there is the absence of microcalcifications or spiculated margins on mammography and ultrasound.

scholarly journals Posterior segment manifestations and imaging features of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Sanjay ◽  
Sameeksha Agrawal ◽  
Chaitra Jayadev ◽  
Ankush Kawali ◽  
Poornachandra B Gowda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Reports ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Posterior Segment ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Cotton Wool Spots ◽  
Microvascular Changes ◽  
Vein Occlusion ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Eye Symptoms ◽  
Retinal Artery

Background: To report the posterior segment (uvea and retinal) manifestations and imaging characteristics of eyes of patients with and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE database to identify relevant articles using the following search terms: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, retina, uvea, optic nerve, retinal findings, posterior segment manifestations, and endophthalmitis. Articles published from December 1, 2019, to May 30, 2021, and indexed in PubMed/MEDLINE were screened.Results: For the purpose of this review, we included clinical features of 26 case reports and 8 case series. The posterior segment manifestations reported included cotton wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, central serous retinopathy, papillophlebitis, optic neuritis, panuveitis, multifocal retinitis, necrotizing retinitis, central retinal artery/vein occlusion, and Purtschner like retinopathy. In this review, we have also included optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) features that have been described in COVID-19 patients with pneumonia.Conclusions: COVID-19 patients can experience uveo-retinal manifestations even after recovery. These patients, even if asymptomatic for eye symptoms, should undergo an eye evaluation to rule out posterior segment involvement. OCTA performed in these patients revealed microvascular changes in the superficial and deep retinal plexuses. Some of these patients may require anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy.

CERVICAL SPINE PNEUMATOCYST: CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (03) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir A. Siddiqui ◽  
Emad Almusa ◽  
Cynthia A. Britton
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Lateral Mass ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Imaging Appearance ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

Introduction: Cervical pneumatocyst is an important entity that has been rarely reported in the literature. Less than 20 cases have been reported in the English literature. This entity is an important differential consideration when evaluating cervical spine lesions. The purpose of our study is to characterize the imaging features of cervical pneumatocysts. Methods: We report a case of a cervical pneumatocyst in a 51-year-old female patient, which mimicked a sclerotic lesion on magnetic resonance evaluation. Additionally, a dedicated literature review was performed evaluating the location, signal alterations, and imaging characteristics of 16 cervical pneumatocysts. Results: Fifteen of the sixteen cases in the cervical spine were found in the vertebral body. One case was identified in the lateral mass of the cervical spine. Two pneumatocysts were identified in C4, eight in C5, four in C6, and one in C7. Nine of the sixteen cases demonstrated disruption of the endplate with likely communication with either the spinal canal or intravertebral disc, with the remaining seven cases appearing isolated from the vertebral body. Conclusions: Cervical pneumatocysts are benign lesions that do not require urgent treatment. Based on their imaging appearance alone, they can be differentiated from more serious lesions such as neoplasms or osteomyelitis.

Heterogeneous imaging characteristics of JC virus granule cell neuronopathy (GCN): a case series and review of the literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martijn T. Wijburg ◽  
Bob W. van Oosten ◽  
Jean-Luc Murk ◽  
Ouafae Karimi ◽  
Joep Killestein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Granule Cell ◽  
Jc Virus ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Granule Cell Neuronopathy
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